高考英語短文改錯高分對策 人教版

1、高考短文改錯高分對策高考短文改錯高分對策一、高考改錯題的命題特點一、高考改錯題的命題特點形容詞形容詞副詞副詞介介詞詞連連詞詞動詞（時動詞（時態(tài)、非謂態(tài)、非謂語、主謂語、主謂一致）一致） 2005 （13套試題）套試題） 77142115 11 422004 （13套試題）套試題） 149161417 16 31考點考點考查頻率考查頻率（次）（次） 詞詞 法法 冠冠詞詞代代詞詞名名詞詞二、高考改錯題的常見錯誤考查形式二、高考改錯題的常見錯誤考查形式:（一）詞法考查。（一）詞法考查。1、名詞、名詞 :（1）And I came to understand that knowledges could

2、 change my life. (2005遼寧) (2) But one and a half year later, I now think (2005全國卷III ) 。有時也設置名詞的詞義辨析、名詞固定短語和搭配錯誤。(1) My grandma was the best cooker in the world.(2004江蘇)(2) They make their lives by collecting and selling used things.（2004廣東）knowledgeyearscookliving2、冠詞。、冠詞。（1）I hope youve had pleasa

3、nt journey home. (2005全國卷III)（2）We have made a great progress. (2005福建)。也有少數(shù)試題設置了定冠詞與不定冠詞混用。如：He would greet us in a tree outside our bedroom as we lay in bed in a morning.（2005江蘇）對于冠詞的固定用法的考查也會在高考中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。（1）As we all left home at early age （2004天津）（2）My teacher advised me to keep my diary .（2003全國卷I）

4、atheana3、代詞。、代詞。 前后代詞指代不一致 （1）Some students may also save up for our college or future use. （2005全國卷I）（2）I looked at the orange drink and decided I couldnt face them.（2005天津） 反身代詞賓格的誤用也是代詞的主要考查形式，如：（1）I felt very pleased with me. (2005天津) (2)On Thursday I will have to decide what I want myself to do

5、 over the weekend. （2004全國II） 代詞it的用法是經(jīng)常考查的形式，要特別注意。如：（1）This is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was “the best car in the world”. （2005安徽）（2）I thought that was dull to watch a game.（2005浙江）theiritmyselfItit在定語從句、名詞性從句中關(guān)系代詞的誤用，如：（1）Henry Royce did not like his car, that ran badly and often broke

6、 down. （2005安徽）(2) We would return at night to hear that hed picked up from the radio in the day. （2005江蘇）另外，代詞還會考查及物動詞后代詞的誤省、不定代詞的誤用、代詞的主格與賓格混用等。（1）If any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out .(2004天津) （2）It is us who are to blame for the poverty . （2004廣

7、東）。whichwhatotherswe4、形容詞、副詞、形容詞、副詞 形容詞、副詞比較級、最高級及其程度狀語的誤用也是一種主要的考查形式。如：（1）We hope youll teach us a lot many songs in the future. （2005山東） (2) Both the diet and the exercise will help me to lose weight and feel more better.（2005廣東）形容詞和副詞的語法作用誤用。這是最多的考查形式。如：（1）It is real a good chance to have met all

8、 of you here.（2005福建）（2）I would describe myself as shy and quietly. （2004全國I卷）reallyquietmoremuch在高考中誤用多余的副詞是一種比較難的考查形式，常要根據(jù)上下文邏輯意義進行判斷。（1）I was a few miles far away from anywhere on a cold, wet night. （2005江西）（2）Though I am a student now, I will work as very hard to make my dream come true.（2004湖北）

9、5、介詞、介詞 動詞后的介詞固定搭配誤用是主要的考查形式。如：（1）It is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was regarded “the best car in the world”. （2005安徽）（2）Will you join in the tourist group organized by our school? （2005山東） 介詞的辨析也是考查主要形式。如：（1）They would not have to ask their parents for money or for permission to do things

10、by the money.（2005全國I）（2）In a particular afternoon my mother brought the drink in. （2005天津）aswithOn高考中也?？疾樘砑优c省略(刪除)介詞。（1） the teacher allows to it.（2005重慶）（2） players kicked a ball each other. （2005浙江）to6、連詞、連詞 2005年高考6次考查了根據(jù)上下文及其邏輯意義判斷連詞的并列、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。如：（1）Not all people like to work and everyone likes t

11、o play. （2005湖北）（2） a pleasant old man opened the door but listened to my story carefully . （2005江西）考生也要注意根據(jù)前后文的選擇、因果等其他關(guān)系確定使用適當?shù)倪B詞。如：（1）Unfortunately, I wont be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon.（04全國IV）（2）He told me that Id probably have a heart attack while

12、I started eating less（2005廣東）butandbecauseunless7、動詞（時態(tài)、主謂一致、非謂語）、動詞（時態(tài)、主謂一致、非謂語） 根據(jù)行文邏輯，考查動詞前后文的時態(tài)是否一致。時態(tài)考查主要是一般過去時與一般現(xiàn)在時的混用。（ 1）I will write again and send you the photos we take together. （2005全國III）（2）During the World Cup in 2002, my dad stays up late just to watch his favorite sport. （2005浙江） t

13、ookstayed 05年的高考試題中，幾次涉及到有關(guān)完成時的錯誤，值得引起注意。如：（1）Since long ago, many adults and children called their friends together. （2005湖北，called前加have）(2) It is bad manners in the classroom to look at what our neighbors had written.（2005重慶，had改為has）havehave動名詞主要考查在一些句型中做賓語或做介詞的賓語需要用動名詞。如：（1）I am looking forward

14、 to see all of you again in the near future! （2005福建）（2）In other words, they help to keep people strong and feel good. （2005湖北）seeingfeeling現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別根據(jù)動詞與所修飾的名詞主被動關(guān)系來判斷，同時要注意形容詞性的分詞用法。如：（1）He would also catch the food throwing to him from the other side of the room.（2005江蘇，throwing改為thrown）（2）I k

15、nocked at the door and was delighting.（2005江西，delighting改為delighted）throwndelighted不定式主要考查不定式符號to的省略(刪除)與添加:（1）Jack would fly away and bring it back for us throw again. （2005江蘇）（2）Some students may also to save up for their college or future use.（2005全國I）動詞還少量考查了主謂語在人稱和數(shù)上是否一致以及主、被動語態(tài)的混用。如：（1）Having

16、fun with their friends make them happy. （2005湖北）（2）When one student does so, much larger values are destroying. （2005重慶）tomakesdestroyed（二）句法考查（二）句法考查 1、一致性。、一致性。（1）They would have to ask their parents for money or for permission to do things with the money.（2005全國I）（2）We named him Jack and keep him

17、 for about three years. （2005江蘇）notkept2、簡單句、并列句、各種從句。、簡單句、并列句、各種從句。（1）For the most part, students working to earn money for their own use. （2005全國I）（2）Clever as she is, but she words very hard. （2004福建）work3. 特殊句型和用法。特殊句型和用法。（1） At night, I was sometimes very tired to do my homework.（2005遼寧）（2）Were

18、 busy prepare for our trips. （2005山東）toopreparing（三）邏輯意義的考查。（三）邏輯意義的考查。主要包括句子的肯定、否定、上下文邏輯關(guān)系等。如： In American big cities, thousands sell tickets to watch football or basketball games. （2005湖北）buy三、改錯題的解題策略三、改錯題的解題策略（一）改錯題的解題步驟。（一）改錯題的解題步驟。1、細讀全文，理解大意。2、整句理解，逐行分析。 3、復讀全文，檢查核對。 （二）、須注意的問題（二）、須注意的問題 1、在訓練和考試中要嚴格按照題例要求和解題說明，用規(guī)定的符號去改錯。不要用文字去說明或用箭頭去表示，更不能隨意在原題中亂劃。 2、注意一些改錯原則。標點符號不改。大小寫不改。詞序錯誤不改。注出中文的綱外生詞及其搭配不改。改錯只能是一一對應，不能兩個或更多詞改為一個詞。詞形及意義同時錯誤只能改一項。必須用相近或相反的詞更換名詞或動詞等實詞。如：teach與learn, buy與sell, family與home。I live and study in a small town to the south of 1._J