四級作文如何短時間提高

1、15% 寫作30min 快速閱讀10%15min 聽力35%35min 精讀25%25min 完型填空10%15min 翻譯(漢英)5%5min四級寫作總體介紹四級寫作總體介紹四級作文評分原則及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)四級作文評分原則及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)CET作文題采用總體評分作文題采用總體評分(Global Scoring)方法。閱卷人員就總的印象給出獎勵分方法。閱卷人員就總的印象給出獎勵分(Reward Scores), 而不是按語言點的錯誤數(shù)而不是按語言點的錯誤數(shù)目扣分。目扣分。四級作文評分原則及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)四級作文評分原則及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)本題滿分為本題滿分為15分分閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共分五等：閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共分五等：2分、分、5分、分、8分、分、11分

2、分及及14分。各有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樣卷一至二份。分。各有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樣卷一至二份。閱卷人員根據(jù)閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對照樣卷評分，若閱卷人員根據(jù)閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對照樣卷評分，若認(rèn)為與某一分?jǐn)?shù)（如認(rèn)為與某一分?jǐn)?shù)（如8分）相似，即定為該分）相似，即定為該分?jǐn)?shù)（即分?jǐn)?shù)（即8分）；若認(rèn)為稍優(yōu)或稍劣于該分分）；若認(rèn)為稍優(yōu)或稍劣于該分?jǐn)?shù)則可加一分（即數(shù)則可加一分（即9分）或減一分（即分）或減一分（即7分）。分）。但不得加或減半分。但不得加或減半分。作文評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作文評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)l2分分-條理不清，思路紊亂，語言支離破碎或大部分句子條理不清，思路紊亂，語言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯誤，且多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯誤。均有錯誤，且多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯誤。l5分分-基本基本切

3、題切題。表達(dá)思想表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，不夠清楚，連貫連貫性差。有較多性差。有較多的嚴(yán)重的嚴(yán)重語言語言錯誤。錯誤。l8分分-基本基本切題切題。表達(dá)思想表達(dá)思想比較清楚，文字尚比較清楚，文字尚連貫連貫；但；但語語言言錯誤較多，其中有少量的嚴(yán)重錯誤。錯誤較多，其中有少量的嚴(yán)重錯誤。l11分分-切題切題。表達(dá)思想表達(dá)思想清楚，文字清楚，文字連貫連貫，但有少量，但有少量語言語言錯誤。錯誤。l14分分-切題切題。表達(dá)思想表達(dá)思想清楚，文字通順，清楚，文字通順，連貫連貫性較好。性較好?；緹o基本無語言語言錯誤。錯誤。評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解讀評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解讀n兩大基本原則兩大基本原則n1.印象分：書寫工整，字跡清晰，卷面整潔印象

4、分：書寫工整，字跡清晰，卷面整潔n2.語言第一位（語法與詞匯的基本功）語言第一位（語法與詞匯的基本功） 結(jié)構(gòu)第二位（邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)是否清晰）結(jié)構(gòu)第二位（邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)是否清晰） 內(nèi)容第三位（內(nèi)容是否跑題）內(nèi)容第三位（內(nèi)容是否跑題）Example 1. 1. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay Free Admission to museums. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chine

5、se: 1.1.越來越多的博物館免費對外開放的目的是什么？越來越多的博物館免費對外開放的目的是什么？ 2.2.也會帶來一些問題；也會帶來一些問題； 3.3.你的看法？你的看法？2分分-l條理不清，思路紊亂，語言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯誤，條理不清，思路紊亂，語言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯誤，且多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯誤。且多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯誤。l Nowdays, Social appeared more and more free Admissions to museums. Its in order to people wasted money. In addition, rich in peoples

6、life and increase more knowledges. people visited the museum must have leaved some waste. In another hand, some visitors didnt listen the museums workers一塌糊涂一塌糊涂5分分-l基本基本切題切題。表達(dá)思想表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，不夠清楚，連貫連貫性差。有較多的嚴(yán)性差。有較多的嚴(yán)重重語言語言錯誤。錯誤。l In order to enrich the culture of people, more and more museums were prov

7、ided free admissions. Somebody thought it would take some problems like that.l The first, because of free admissions of museums were attracted a large numbers of people who interested in all around the world. And those who take part in effected the traffic crowed around the museums, even though affe

8、cted people who live in next to museum daily life. Besides, free admissions of museum would attracted thief came in.糊里糊涂糊里糊涂8分分-l基本基本切題切題。表達(dá)思想表達(dá)思想比較清楚，文字尚比較清楚，文字尚連貫連貫；但；但語語言言錯誤較多，其中有少量的嚴(yán)重錯誤錯誤較多，其中有少量的嚴(yán)重錯誤 lThere is an interesting and instractive picture which goes like this: More and more museums ar

9、e free for people. They want more people go to museums.l But some people argue that it make some trouble for free for people. The reason is the economy of the museums would be worse than before. Worst of all, it may take a mess for more people come to the museums.馬馬虎虎馬馬虎虎11分分-l切題切題。表達(dá)思想表達(dá)思想清楚，文字清楚，文

10、字連貫連貫，但有少量，但有少量語言語言錯誤。錯誤。lNow more and more museums are free without charge to the public. Does that make any sence?l Free admission to musuems helps us save money, but it also encourages us to go to museums to learn something else and get more knowledge. This contributes to improve the living level

11、 of the public. It can certainly let us know more about our country and the world, which has a good effect on our development.l Every coin has two sides. It can also bring some problems. For example,清清楚楚清清楚楚14分分-l切題切題。表達(dá)思想表達(dá)思想清楚，文字通順，清楚，文字通順，連貫連貫性較好?；緹o性較好?；緹o語言語言錯誤錯誤 。 Nowadays, more and more museu

12、ms are open to the public for free. Free admissions to museums will motivate peoples interests in history, arts and science. In this way, museums can provide people with easier access to knowledge, which is of vital importance for the whole nation.漂漂亮亮漂漂亮亮14分分-l切題切題。表達(dá)思想表達(dá)思想清楚，文字通順，清楚，文字通順，連貫連貫性較好?；?/p>

13、本無性較好?；緹o語言語言錯錯誤誤 。 However, some people hold that free admissions to museums can bring about many problems. Since anybody can enter a museum without paying, the museum can be overcrowded and it will be a difficult job for museums to maintain their collections. Besides, museums will face financial p

14、roblems since they cant make profits from the admission fee. Due to the decrease in profits, museums have less motivation to up-date their collections and out-of-date museums cant avoid the fate to close up in the long run.漂漂亮亮漂漂亮亮14分分-l切題切題。表達(dá)思想表達(dá)思想清楚，文字通順，清楚，文字通順，連貫連貫性較好?；緹o性較好?；緹o語言語言錯誤錯誤 。 In my

15、 opinion, free admissions to museums are good for the public, but on the other hand they may pose problems to the museum management. Governments should provide help to museums and guide them to serve the public better.漂漂亮亮漂漂亮亮 四級作文寫作要求四級作文寫作要求1. 篇幅：考試要求是120字單詞n 達(dá)不到字?jǐn)?shù)的要酌情扣達(dá)不到字?jǐn)?shù)的要酌情扣1-5分分n 90-99扣扣1分，分

16、，80-89扣扣2分，分，70-79扣扣3分，分，60-69扣扣5分分2. 時間：30分鐘，u 審題（審題（3分鐘）：分鐘）：u 寫作（寫作（25分鐘）：分鐘）：u 檢查（檢查（2分鐘）：分鐘）： 寫完之后修改注意：（內(nèi)容寫完之后修改注意：（內(nèi)容方面盡量不要修改）方面盡量不要修改）1. 1. 字母大小寫字母大小寫2. 2. 符號符號3. 3. 單詞拼寫單詞拼寫4. 4. 動詞時態(tài)動詞時態(tài)5. 5. 主謂一致主謂一致6.6.名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)作文寫什么作文寫什么？開頭開頭 2-3句句中間中間 6-8句句結(jié)尾結(jié)尾 2-3句句有話可說有話可說作文寫什么？（根據(jù)采分點）作文寫什么？（根據(jù)采分點）框架

17、框架 表示結(jié)構(gòu)的短語 細(xì)節(jié)細(xì)節(jié) 亮點詞匯和句型說話漂亮說話漂亮布局：三段式（有時候根據(jù)需要還可寫四段）p大學(xué)英語四級寫作通常采用三段論模式，即：開頭段大學(xué)英語四級寫作通常采用三段論模式，即：開頭段（introduction）、主體段（）、主體段（body paragraph）和）和結(jié)尾段（結(jié)尾段（conclusion）?？紙鲎魑耐ǔＪ菍懗扇危??？紙鲎魑耐ǔＪ菍懗扇危ㄋ亩萎?dāng)然也可以，不過一般情況下三段比較合適）（四段當(dāng)然也可以，不過一般情況下三段比較合適）應(yīng)對策略應(yīng)對策略 1、篇章：、篇章：開門見山，直奔主題開門見山，直奔主題（緊扣所給（緊扣所給提綱寫出主題句）。使用合適的方法展開提綱寫出主

18、題句）。使用合適的方法展開主題句（常用方法如：列舉，因果，舉例主題句（常用方法如：列舉，因果，舉例等）等） 2、句子結(jié)構(gòu)：適當(dāng)使用、句子結(jié)構(gòu)：適當(dāng)使用從句從句、倒裝句、非倒裝句、非謂語動詞、插入語謂語動詞、插入語，從而使文章句子結(jié)構(gòu)，從而使文章句子結(jié)構(gòu)稍微復(fù)雜而富于變化。稍微復(fù)雜而富于變化。 3、詞匯：盡量使用與主題相關(guān)的一些重要、詞匯：盡量使用與主題相關(guān)的一些重要詞匯，避開用得過于泛濫的詞匯。詞匯，避開用得過于泛濫的詞匯。得高分的關(guān)鍵得高分的關(guān)鍵n運用復(fù)雜句式運用復(fù)雜句式n書寫美觀書寫美觀n開頭結(jié)尾很關(guān)鍵開頭結(jié)尾很關(guān)鍵n詞匯的多樣詞匯的多樣n使用諺語使用諺語開頭常用句型開頭常用句型：現(xiàn)象式現(xiàn)

19、象式數(shù)據(jù)式數(shù)據(jù)式引言式引言式提問式提問式練習(xí)on Dual Degrees. n1. 近年來越來越多的大學(xué)生熱衷于修近年來越來越多的大學(xué)生熱衷于修“雙學(xué)位雙學(xué)位”n2. 產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因n3. 我的觀點我的觀點練習(xí) Private Cars in Chinan1.是否應(yīng)該鼓勵發(fā)展私人轎車是否應(yīng)該鼓勵發(fā)展私人轎車n2.表明你的觀點并說明理由表明你的觀點并說明理由n3.鼓勵或者限制私人轎車的有效措施鼓勵或者限制私人轎車的有效措施練習(xí) Say Thank You to Parentsn1. 很多的大學(xué)生從未跟父母道過謝很多的大學(xué)生從未跟父母道過謝 n2. 請說明原因請說明原因n3

20、. 你的建議你的建議練習(xí) Should College Students Live on Campus a. 有些人喜歡住在學(xué)校的宿舍，因為有些人喜歡住在學(xué)校的宿舍，因為.b. 有些人喜歡住在校外，因為有些人喜歡住在校外，因為.c. 我的看法我的看法寫作步驟：寫作步驟：列提綱（必不可少的一步列提綱（必不可少的一步-現(xiàn)象類說明文現(xiàn)象類說明文第一段提綱：提出主題第一段提綱：提出主題第二段提綱：分點闡述出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因是第二段提綱：分點闡述出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因是第三段提綱：闡述為了改變這種狀況，我認(rèn)為第三段提綱：闡述為了改變這種狀況，我認(rèn)為. 學(xué)生在英語學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫學(xué)生在英語學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫 影

21、響英語寫作、英語提高影響英語寫作、英語提高應(yīng)試教育應(yīng)試教育老師教學(xué)中沒有重視拼寫老師教學(xué)中沒有重視拼寫學(xué)生懶惰學(xué)生懶惰 將拼寫納入考試中將拼寫納入考試中 老師、學(xué)生要重視拼寫老師、學(xué)生要重視拼寫提高學(xué)生對單詞拼寫的興趣提高學(xué)生對單詞拼寫的興趣第一段：第一段： Nowadays, students attach less importance to the spelling of words in the process of English study. This phenomenon greatly influences students writing and brings on worr

22、ies among teachers. Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling第二段：第二段： Three leading factors may have caused such a grave problem. First, exam-oriented education makes the students pay less attention to spelling. Second, some teachers should also be responsible for it because they dont emphasize the

23、importance of spelling during teaching. Last but not least, some students are too lazy to recite words. 第三段：第三段： Since spelling is one of the most important factors in English study, due attention should be given to it. first, exams should be modified to add some factors into it, which would help st

24、udent pay more attention to spelling. Then, schools should also set effective mechanisms to help teachers as well as the students to realize the importance. Finally, for students themselves, they can, through other ways, make them be interested in word spelling. Only by these can we surly realize th

25、e importance of spelling and make improvement. n n如今不少學(xué)生在英語學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫。如今不少學(xué)生在英語學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫。Nowadays, a lot of students dont pay attention to the spelling in their English study2. 2. 出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因是出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因是There are three reasons accounting for this problem.3. 為了改變這種狀況，我認(rèn)為為了改變這種狀況，我認(rèn)為. In order to change thi

26、s situation, I think1. 現(xiàn)象式現(xiàn)象式(1) With the rapid development of society, students are attaching more and more importance toDual DegreesPrivate cars1. 現(xiàn)象式現(xiàn)象式Private carseg. The past decade has witnessed the phenomenon that a growing number of students are keen on pursuing dual degrees. nThe past decad

27、e has witnessed a huge development in economy owing to the reform and opening-up policy being carried out, bring some problems at the same time, with the following one being the formost.2 2 數(shù)字式數(shù)字式 原理：要想更有說服力，就應(yīng)該用實際的數(shù)字來說明。原理：要想更有說服力，就應(yīng)該用實際的數(shù)字來說明。 不妨試用下面的句型：不妨試用下面的句型： According to a recent survey, abo

28、ut of 下面隨便幾個題目我們都可以這樣編造下面隨便幾個題目我們都可以這樣編造 According to a recent survey involving over 3000 undergraduates, 35% of the university students never said Thank You to their parents. 78.9%the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation. 3 3 名人名言式名人名言式 1. As an old saying goes, tim

29、e is money.2. As the proverb goes, practice makes perfect. 4 4 提問式提問式 How can we succeed in a job interviewer? Different people have different opinions on this question. Some people believe thatShould College Students Live on Campus ? Different people have different opinions on this question. Some p

30、eople believe that 學(xué)會遣詞造句學(xué)會遣詞造句遣詞-七大惡心詞匯nimportant nverynthinkndifferentnin my opinionnPeoplengovernment替換六大惡心詞匯替換六大惡心詞匯nimportant = （significant, essential） nvery beautiful = (wonderfully beautiful)nthink = (harbor the idea)ndifferent = (various)nin my opinion =(from my own perspective)npeople = (i

31、ndividuals/ folks)ngovernment =(authorities)舉例舉例uThe bicyle is important for us. uThe bicyle is of importancce for us.uThe bicyle plays an important role in our life. uThe bicycle, environmental friendliness vehicle, plays an important role in our life.舉例舉例uAs far as I am concerned. uAs far as I am

32、firmly concerned.uAs far as the private cars are concerned, I firmly believe that 舉例舉例uI am offering thanks to my parents. uI am, from my bottom heart, offering my gratitude to my loving parents. 2. 2. 某人（我）覺得，認(rèn)為。某人（我）覺得，認(rèn)為。低分：低分：高分：高分：（2）句子，句子，as I am firmly convinced. (3) It can be argued (assumed

33、, concluded) that+從句從句 我還記得有一為偉人、名人說過。我還記得有一為偉人、名人說過。na growing number of, an increasing number of , a surprising number of, an astronomical number of the vast majority of , the overwhelming majority of,重要的：重要的：important,好的，有趣的：好的，有趣的：good, interesting壞的，不好的，糟糕的：壞的，不好的，糟糕的：horrifying, horrible, disa

34、strous, disgusting, discouraging, shocking, unbearable, monstrous,我想，認(rèn)為，覺得，思考，。：我想，認(rèn)為，覺得，思考，。：think harbor the idea that take the attitude that hold the view that it is widely shared that it is universally acknowledged that努力努力/ /打算做某事：打算做某事：try/want to do sth.try/want to do sth. endeavor to do sth.

35、 do ones utmost to do sth. spare no effort in doing sth. be motivated to do sth. be encouraged to do sth. be inspired to do sth. be willing(determined ) to do sth.一些表示程度的副詞：一些表示程度的副詞：very extremely, tremendously, substantially, remarkably, reasonably, as a result; thereforehowever,nas a matter of fa

36、ct, nnonetheless, nevertheless,nin actuality, in reality, nBy/in contrast,Moreover,全文句型全文句型n定語從句（限定或定語從句（限定或非限非限）n現(xiàn)在分詞作主語的句子現(xiàn)在分詞作主語的句子n狀語從句（時間狀語較普遍）狀語從句（時間狀語較普遍）n后置定語（）后置定語（）n并列句（并列句（and , while）nIf 引導(dǎo)的條件句（引導(dǎo)的條件句（If some of chances are grasped,）全文句型全文句型n同位語從句（同位語從句（the fact that）n比較級句子（比較級句子（compare

37、d with）n獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作前置狀語（作前置狀語（Actually obtained from the big firm, these capacities and experience could make us change a lot.）nIt is +adj./done + that/to do句型句型n倒裝句倒裝句nMake it adj. (句子句子, making it possible that )造句n第一，插入語，使文章有跳躍感第一，插入語，使文章有跳躍感nJinan, the Spring City, is a famous tourist cityn插入語

38、的作用主要有兩個， 第一個是突出主語，比如說：He, who would like to play basketball, is a good student. 第二個作用是解釋說明，比如說：People, especially students, should work hard. 2. Attitude, after all, is essential for a students academic performance3. Other people, however, stand on a different ground. 4. This measure, undoubtedly(i

39、n my opinion), will eliminate the waste of water適當(dāng)插入一些副詞或介詞短語等適當(dāng)插入一些副詞或介詞短語等倒裝句基本上所有學(xué)生在卷子里都出現(xiàn)的句型但卻單調(diào)（only）nNot only, but alsonOnly in this waynUnder no circumstance無論如何，決不無論如何，決不 nOn no account 絕不絕不, 切莫切莫 On no account should we break up. 我們決不應(yīng)該分裂。我們決不應(yīng)該分裂。 nAdj. (strange/surprise) as it may seem, n

40、否定詞位于句首（否定詞位于句首（hardly when; never; not only-, but also -;seldom） 在我一生中很難遇到這樣的人在我一生中很難遇到這樣的人 Seldom in my life have i met such a kind-hearted man. n地點方位名詞位于句首地點方位名詞位于句首 In no other place in the world can one find such enthusiasm for applying for hosting the 2008 Olympic Games與漢語相比，英語更注重動作本身，而不是動作的執(zhí)行

41、者，因此在英語中被動語態(tài)的使用相對多一些，但這并不表明要一味地追求被動語態(tài)的使用。n主動變被動主動變被動1）不需要體現(xiàn)動作的執(zhí)行者）不需要體現(xiàn)動作的執(zhí)行者We should pay more attention to the elderly who had devoted their youth and energy to our country. More attention should be paid to the elderly who had devoted their youth and energy to our country. n需注意的問題需注意的問題 避免一味用避免一味用

42、 There is 開頭。開頭。 There are more and more people who realize the relation between examination and teaching methods.The relation between the examination and teaching methods is increasingly recognized. 避免一味用避免一味用People, I, We 開頭開頭We will always remember the smile on her face.The smile on her face will

43、 be firmly rooted in our minds.We certainly should offer good service.Good service is certainly required.時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時為主體nNowadays, a growing number of people had private cars. have一定要用一定要用-過渡性關(guān)系詞過渡性關(guān)系詞n思想清晰n行文流暢n有跳躍感n表達(dá)地道 一一 二二 三原則三原則 考官們看文章必然要通過關(guān)鍵性的考官們看文章必然要通過關(guān)鍵性的“標(biāo)簽標(biāo)簽”來判定你的文章來判定你的文章是否結(jié)構(gòu)清楚，條理自然。是否結(jié)

44、構(gòu)清楚，條理自然。 1）first, second, third, last （不推薦，原因：俗）（不推薦，原因：俗） 2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally （不推薦，原因：俗）（不推薦，原因：俗） 3）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally （強(qiáng)烈推薦）（強(qiáng)烈推薦） 4）to start with, next, in addition, finally （強(qiáng)烈推薦）（強(qiáng)烈推薦） 5）first and foremost, besides, last but not least （強(qiáng)烈推薦）（強(qiáng)烈推薦） 關(guān)系詞1

45、n遞進(jìn)遞進(jìn)1.首先首先 in the first place, to begin with, to start with, for one thing2.其次其次 in the second place, moreover, further, furthermore, besides, for another3.最后最后 last but not least, more importantly, above all, additionally關(guān)系詞2n讓步讓步/轉(zhuǎn)折轉(zhuǎn)折 In other words, despite that, in spite of, even though, nevert

46、heless, howevern因果因果 as a result, as a consequence, hence, thus, to conclude, in conclusion, consequently 關(guān)系詞3n舉例說明舉例說明 for instance, take for example, a case in point is , one illustration of this is n總結(jié)總結(jié) in summary, in the final analysis, based on all the arguments offered above, on the basis of

47、the above discussion, having considered all the arguments above四級作文中常見錯誤分析n詞匯錯誤詞匯錯誤判斷詞匯量大小，找準(zhǔn)主客觀判斷詞匯量大小，找準(zhǔn)主客觀系數(shù)比系數(shù)比n語法錯誤語法錯誤學(xué)生基本功的表露，與作文最學(xué)生基本功的表露，與作文最終分?jǐn)?shù)直接相關(guān)終分?jǐn)?shù)直接相關(guān)n內(nèi)容錯誤內(nèi)容錯誤跑題或文章中有嚴(yán)重攻擊性用跑題或文章中有嚴(yán)重攻擊性用語，此種情況一般為零分語，此種情況一般為零分詞匯錯誤n1.單詞拼寫（基礎(chǔ)詞匯的拼寫錯誤導(dǎo)致失分較大，單詞拼寫（基礎(chǔ)詞匯的拼寫錯誤導(dǎo)致失分較大，eg. sociaty, nowday, phenomen,

48、colleage）n2.混淆詞性混淆詞性 （eg. In social, with the development of economic, do not interest in）n3.拼音替代拼音替代 n4.情態(tài)動詞使用錯誤（情態(tài)動詞使用錯誤（must doing, can done）語法錯誤更重要、更易錯n1.第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)&可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞（可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞（people is, students are, ）-分?jǐn)?shù)較低分?jǐn)?shù)較低n2.there be 句型錯誤句型錯誤 (there are many reasons contribute to this problem)n3.雙謂語動詞現(xiàn)象（雙謂語動詞現(xiàn)象（My father is one o