2011-2018高考英語語法填空真題全國(guó)卷

1、歷年咼考語法填空真題1. (2018 全國(guó)卷 I)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1 個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Accord ing to a review of evide nee in a medical jour nal, r unners live three year _(long) tha n non-runn ers. You don t have to run fast or for l62g (see) the ben efit. You may drink, smoke, beoverweight and still reduce your risk of 63_ (d

2、ie) early by running.While running regularly can make you live forever, the review says it 64_ (be) moreeffective at len gthe ning life 65 walk ing, cycli ng or swimmi ng. Two of the authors of the review also made astudy published in 2014 66_ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of runningreduced

3、 the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise . it s probably runningavoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68_ (strength) your leg muscles(肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running

4、 is cheap, easy and it 69_ s always(en ergy). If you are time poor, you n eed run for only half the time to get the same ben efits as other sports, soperhaps we should all give 70 a try.2. (2018 全國(guó)卷 II)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1 個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Diets have cha nged in chin a-a nd so too has its top crop. Si n

5、ee 2011, the country 61_ (grow)more corn than riceb Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _62 _ past 25 years, while rice hasin creased only 7 perce nt.A taste for meat is 63_(actual) beh ind the cha nge: An importa nt part of its corn is used to feedchicke ns, pigs, and cattle. Ano the

6、r reas on for corns rise: The gover nment en couragesfarmers to grow cornin stead of rice 64_ _ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water _65_ riceand creates less fertilizer (化月肥)runoff. This switch has decreased66_ (pollute)in thecoun trys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water saf

7、er for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67_(globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government 68(start) a soil-testing program 69_ _ gives specific fertilizerrecommendations to farmers- and 20

8、11, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放)of 51.8 millio n tons of carb on dioxide. Chi nas approach to protecti ng its environment while 70 (feed)its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and foodpolicymakers worldwide, ” says the banks Juergen oegele.3

9、. (2018 全國(guó)卷 III)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1 個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Im not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of no where.Im walki ng on a path in the forest in the Cen tral Africa n Republic. Un expectedl y, Im face-to-face with thegorilla, who beg ins scream ing at 62

10、 top of her lun gs. That makes her baby scream, and the n a 400-po undmale appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The no ise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest andcharges toward me. I quickly lower myself, duck ing my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel_65(c

11、halle nge).My name is Mireya Mayor. rm a 66 (scienee) who studies animals such as apesand mon keys. I wassearchi ng 67 these three western lowla nd gorillas rd bee n observ ing. No one had see n them for hours, andmy colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was

12、just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to gorillas unaggressive n ature, the huge ani mal 69 (mea n) no real harm. He was just say ing:“Im king of this forest, and here is your rem in der!” Once his message was delivered, he a70_ (stay) and watch.4. (2017 全國(guó)I)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1 個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。There

13、has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. Thistrend, which was started by the medical community (醫(yī)學(xué)界)61_ a method offighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart diseasthevery thi ng the medical com mu

14、nity was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very importa nt parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, torecover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the foodtastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will

15、eat more food to try to make up for that somethingmissing. Even_ 66 (bad), the amount offast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will getmore salt and fat tha n they n eed in their diet.Having eno ugh fat and salt in your meals will

16、 reduce the urge to sn ack(吃點(diǎn)心)betwee n meals and willimprove the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like any thi ng, it is possible tohave too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.5. (2017 全國(guó)U)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1 個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In 1863 the first un dergro und pass

17、e nger railway in the world ope ned in London. It ran for just un derseve n kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and_62_ work. It took three years to complete and was built using anin terest ing method. This in cluded digg ing up the road

18、, _63_ (lay) the track and the n build ing a strong roofover _64二top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines_65_(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been_ 66_(fair)u npleasa ntfor the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly pr

19、oved to be a great successand with in six mon ths, more tha n 25,000 people were using_ 67_ every day.Later, engineers_ 68_ (man age) to con struct railways in a system of deep tunne 隧值)，which became known to the tube. This developme nt was on ly possible with the_ 69_ (in troduce) ofelectric-powere

20、d engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most_ 70_ (success)of these new lin es, and was ope ned in 1900. It had white-pa in ted tunn els and bright redcarriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.6. (2017 全國(guó)川)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1 個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。She looks like any other

21、 schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is look ing forward tochallenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-termthe new year. Her father Peter 44,wa nts her to give up school to model fulltime But Sa _has take n part in shows a

22、long with top models wa _ (prove) that she has brains as well asbeauty. She is determ ined to carry on with h66_ (educate).She has turned down several 67_ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate onher studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to

23、university to get adegree 68_ engineering or architecture.Sarah says, My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the mome nt, school(come) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeli ng. It 70_ (certa in) fun but the lifestyle(rest) .In stead, she is earning $6500 a daySarah 63_(tell) th

24、at she could be Britain_ model in New Y5rk.s new supermodel earning a million dis a little unreal. I dont want to have nothing else to fall back on when I cant model my more.7.(2016 全國(guó)I)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1 個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chen gdu has doze ns of new milli on aires, Asia s biggest build ing, and fan

25、cy new hotels. But ftourists like me, pan das are its top_ 61_(attract).So it was a great honour to be in vited backstage at the no t-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket moneyhelps pay for research, I_ 2_allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be the

26、ir UK ambassador. The title will be _63 (official) give n to me ata cerem ony in London. But my conn ecti on with pan das goesback_64_ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,65_I was the firstWestern TV reporter 66_(permit) to film a special un it cari ng for pan das rescued fromstarvation in the wil

27、d. My ambassadorial duties will include_ 67_ (introduce) Britishvisitors to the 120-plus pan das at Chen gdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bife ngxia.On my rece nt visit, I help a lively three-mo nth-old twin that had bee n rejected by _68 (it) mother. The nursery team switches

28、him every few _69_ ( day) with his sister so that while oneis being bottle-fed, _70_ other is with mum-she n ever suspects.8. (2016 全國(guó)卷U帀讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1 個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正 確形式。If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(識(shí)別) those of _61_ (great) and less

29、importanee. Then, handle the most important tasks first soyoull feel a real sense of 62_ (achieve). Leaving the less important things untiltomorrow 63_ (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So getan early start and try to be as pr

30、oductive _65_ possible before lunch. This will give you thecon fide nee you n eed to get you through the after noon and go home feeli ng accomplished.Rece nt66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks67_ (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outsi

31、de for 68 while, exercis ing, or doingsometh ing you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely 69_(bring) your work home. It could be anything, gardening, cooking, music, sports but whatever it is, 70(make )sure its a relief from daily stress rather tha n

32、 ano ther thi ng to worry about.9. (2016 全國(guó)卷川)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1 個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正 確形式。In much of Asia, especially the so-called “riceDowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, _41 Vietnam, food isusually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be

33、 made of plastic, animalbone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might42_(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine varioushardwoods and metal _43_(create)special desig ns.The Chin ese have used chopsticks for five thousa nd

34、 years. People probably cooked their food in largepots, 44 _(use) twigs(樹枝)to remove it. Over time, 45 the populati ongrew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could beeate n easily with twigs which 46 (gradual)tur ned into chopsticks.Some

35、people thi nk that the great Chin ese scholar Confucius, 47_ -lived fromroughly 551 to 479 B.C., influeneed the 48(develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed67kni ves would rem ind people of killi ngs and _49_(be) too viole nt for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. I n In d

36、ia, for example, most people traditi on ally eat50_ their han ds.10. (2015 全國(guó)I)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1 個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正 確形式。將答案填寫在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置。Yangshuo, ChinaIt was rai ning lightly whe n I _(arrive) in Yan gshuo just before daw n. But I did nA few hours_62_, I d been at home in Hong Kong, w _ (it) choking smo

37、g. Here,the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.I d skippenfearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark watersof the Li River_64_are pictured by artists in so many Chinese65(pa in ti ng). In stead, I d headed straigfor Yan gshuo. For those who fly to

38、 Guili n, it sonly an hour away 66_ car and offers all the sce nery of the better-k nown city.Yangshuo _67_ (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68_(conduct)by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fastbecoming a popular weekend

39、 destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in HongKong, says it _69_.(regular) arranges quick getaways here forpeople 70_ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.11. (2015 全國(guó)卷U)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1 個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的 正確形式。The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61_ (build) by the Pueblo Indians o

40、f the AmericanSouthwest are admired by even 62_most moder n of architects and engin eers. In additi onto their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63_ (able) to “ air condition ” ahouse without64 ( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the su

41、n on hot days andgive out that heat 65_ ( slow) duri ng cool ni ghts, thuswarm ing the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have give n up their heat and are now cold eno ugh66 _(cool) the house duri ng the hot day; 67 _the sametime, they warm up aga in for the ni ght. This cycle 68_(go) day afte

42、r day: Thewalls warm up duri ng the day and cool off duri ng the ni ght and are thus always a timely offset 抵 消)for theoutside temperatures. As 69 _(n ature) architects, the Pueblo In dia ns figuredout exactly 70 _thick the adobe walls n eeded to be to make the cycle work on mostdays.12. (2014 全國(guó)卷I)

43、閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3 個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It _61_ (be)uni mag in able that it could ever be clea ned up. The river was so polluted that it _62_ (actual)caught fire and b

44、urned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63_most outstanding examples of en vir onmen tal clea nup.But the river was n c ha nged in a few days _64_eve n a few mon ths. It took years ofwork_65_(reduce ) the in dustrial pollutio n and clea n the water. Fi nally, that hard work paidoff and now the water in the river is 66_(clea n) tha n ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situati on. Maybe you leave a habit _67_ is driv ing yourfamily cr