英語(yǔ)必修iii譯林牛津版unit1整體教學(xué)實(shí)用教案

1、英語(yǔ)必修III譯林牛津版Unit1整體教學(xué)實(shí)用教案Part I Welcome to the unit and Reading1. sense(1)n.C感官，官能A dog has a keen sense of smell. 狗有靈敏的嗅覺。(2)n.C(單詞短語(yǔ)、句子等的)意義，含義The word “matter” has many senses. “matter”這個(gè)單詞有多種意思。(3)n.C(對(duì)某物的)感覺(多用作單數(shù)，后跟of短語(yǔ)或that從句)When you touch ice, you have a sense of coldness. 當(dāng)你觸摸冰時(shí)，會(huì)有冷的感覺。He

2、suddenly had a sense that someone was standing behind him. 突然他有一種有人站在他背后的感覺。(4)n.U(尤指對(duì)具體事物的)判斷力，辨別力My mother has good sense. 我媽媽有很好的判斷力。Now you are talking sense. 現(xiàn)在你說的還合情理。She has no sense of time. 她沒有時(shí)間觀念。(5)n.C理智，神智(常用復(fù)數(shù))The fresh air made her come to her senses again. 新鮮的空氣使她又清醒過來。(6)vt察覺，感覺到，意識(shí)

3、到(后跟名詞代詞或從句)The horse sensed danger and stopped. 那匹馬意識(shí)到有危險(xiǎn)，停了下來。She sensed what her teacher was thinking. 她感覺到了她的老師在想什么。I could sense her growing irritation. 我察覺到她的火氣越來越大。sensibility n. U；C感受力，敏感，意識(shí) sensible adj感覺得到的，察覺的，明智的，合情合理的(常接of) sensitive adj敏感的，感覺敏銳的(常接to) senseless adj無知覺的，無意義的，愚蠢的come to

4、one's senses 醒過來，醒悟過來 make sense講得通，有意義in asome sense 從某種意義上說 in no sense 決不 take sense 講得有理 2observe(1)vt觀察，注意到，觀察到(后常跟“賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”的情況，賓補(bǔ)通常為不帶to的不定式或v-ing，that從句，what從句)The policeman observed the man open/opening the window. 那個(gè)警察注意到那個(gè)人打開了正在打開窗戶。(前者表示“看到打開窗戶的全過程”；后者表示“看到正在打開窗戶”)They were observed to

5、enter/entering the bank. 他們被注意到進(jìn)了正在進(jìn)入銀行。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不省略to)We observed that it had turned cloudy. 我們觀察到天已轉(zhuǎn)陰。(2)vt.& vi. 評(píng)論，評(píng)述He observed that our work was very well done. 他說我們的工作做得很好。I have little to observe on what has been said. 關(guān)于剛才所說的，我沒有什么話好講。observable adj值得注意的，觀察得到的 observation n注意，觀察，評(píng)論observer

6、 n注視者，觀察者，遵守者辨析observe，look，watch，see與noticeobserve 觀察，指從不同的角度長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地看并研究； look 看，指因想看而投注目光，不管結(jié)果如何；watch 看，觀看，指特別留意，感興趣地看著運(yùn)動(dòng)著的東西；see 看到，看見，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的結(jié)果，有意或無意地看到，無進(jìn)行時(shí)；notice 看到，注意到，覺察到，指偶爾看到細(xì)小的但可能是重要的事情。He is looking at the picture on the wall. 他正在看墻上的畫。He observed the stars all his life. 他一生致力于觀察星象。Our famil

7、y are watching TV. 我們一家人正在看電視。Do you notice anything unusual? 你覺察出有異樣的情況嗎?3beat(1)vt. 連續(xù)地打His father beat him black and blue. 他父親把他打得青一塊紫一塊的。The rain was beating against the windows. 雨正打在窗戶上。The sun beat down all summer long. 整個(gè)夏天太陽(yáng)都火熱地照著。(比喻)(2)vt.& vi. 有規(guī)律地拍擊The bird beat its wings rapidly as

8、it flew on. 那只鳥迅速地振翅飛開了。The heart beats. 心臟在跳動(dòng)。Waves beat against the cliffs. 波浪拍打著懸崖。(3)vt. 攪拌，打Beat the eggs until they are light and fluffy. 把雞蛋打成稀糊狀。(4)vt擊敗，勝過(beat的賓語(yǔ)一般為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手)She beat her brother at tennis. 她打網(wǎng)球贏了她弟弟。辨析beat，strike與hitbeat 指連續(xù)擊打，通常為有意的；strike 是常用詞，較正式，用手或物擊打，可輕可重，有意或無意；hit 為常用詞，含

9、“有力”的意思，常表示“擊中”。Strike while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵。John hit him on the nose. 約翰打中了他的鼻子。beat about 搜索 beat down 打倒 beat off 擊退，打退 beat to death 打死 beat up襲擊，痛打4still(1)adj. 靜止的，不動(dòng)的Keep still while I fasten your shoe. 當(dāng)我替你系鞋帶時(shí)，你不要?jiǎng)?。The sea was calm and still. 海上風(fēng)平浪靜。(2)adj. 寂靜的，無聲的The room was still a

10、t the end of the speech. 演講過后，室內(nèi)一片寂靜。辨析still, calm，quiet, 與silentstill 靜止的，不動(dòng)的，指沒有運(yùn)動(dòng)或動(dòng)作的狀態(tài)；calm 平靜的，沉著的，指無風(fēng)浪或人的心情不激動(dòng)；quiet 寧?kù)o的，安靜的，指沒有聲音，不吵鬧或心里沒有煩惱焦慮；silent 寂靜的，沉默的，不發(fā)音的，指沒有聲音或不講話。Tell the children to keep calm. 告訴孩子們沉著些。(指不慌張，冷靜)She kept silent about the matter. 她對(duì)這件事保持沉默。(指什么也不說)Ask the boys to ke

11、ep quiet. 讓孩子們保持安靜。(指不要吵鬧)The officer asked the Swedish to keep still. 軍官讓那個(gè)瑞典人別動(dòng)。(指不移動(dòng)也不出聲)5inwithin sight(1)在視野內(nèi)，看得見When we got to the beach, there wasn't a soul in sight. 當(dāng)我們到達(dá)海灘時(shí)，一個(gè)人也沒見到。(2)可能即將發(fā)生Peace is now in sight. 和平在望了。at first sight 乍一看 at the sight of 一看見 catchhaveget sight of 看到，發(fā)現(xiàn)o

12、ut of sight 在視野之外，看不見 on sight 一看見就. Out of sight，out of mind眼不見，心不煩。6wish for 盼望，企盼It's no use wishing for things you can't have. 你企盼得不到的東西是徒勞的。We wished for rain. 我們盼望下雨。(just) as you wish 隨你的便，如你所愿 wish sthaway 希望某事物不存在并極力擺脫它wish sthon sb(口語(yǔ))想讓某人有(不愉快的事) wish for.to do. 期望.做.I keep wishin

13、g for a chance to do something different. 我一直盼望有機(jī)會(huì)做點(diǎn)不同的事情。7watch out (for)(1)密切注意，留意留心You can't learn English well without watching out for idiomatic ways of saying things.如果你不注意講話中的習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式，就學(xué)不好英語(yǔ)。Watch out for a chance to improve your position in the company, they don't come very often.要注意抓住

14、提高你在公司地位的機(jī)會(huì)，這樣的機(jī)會(huì)不多。I'm always watching out for mistakes that I may have missed before.我總是警惕著過去可能沒注意到的錯(cuò)誤。(2) Watch out ! There's a danger ahead. 小心!前面有危險(xiǎn)。watch out (for) look out (for) Cf. look out of take care (of) be careful of8pay back (1) (重)償還(欠款)·We're paying back the loan ove

15、r 15 years. 我們要在15年內(nèi)償還貸款。(2)向報(bào)復(fù)，懲罰I'll pay Jenny back for what she did to me. 詹妮這樣對(duì)待我，我一定要報(bào)復(fù)她。pay for 負(fù)擔(dān)支付的費(fèi)用 pay in 存款 pay off 償還，還清 pay sbout 報(bào)復(fù)某人pay up 付清；繳清9glance at(of)匆匆一瞥；略略地看一眼；瞥視He glanced at his watch. 他匆匆地看了一下手表。辨析look at，glare at與stare atlook at意為“看著”，沒有任何感情色彩；glare at由于憤怒而瞪著或怒視；sta

16、re at由手好奇、無禮、傲慢而睜大眼睛凝望、盯著或瞪著看(一般含有貶義)。It's rude to stare at a foreigner. 盯著外國(guó)人看是不禮貌的。The two boys were glaring at each other, but they didn't fight. 那兩個(gè)男孩怒目而視，但他們并未打架。10. If you hold your nose when you eat, your sense of taste will not work as well.如果你在吃飯時(shí)捏住你的鼻子，你的味覺就不如不捏住鼻子的時(shí)候好。(1)這是一個(gè)省略句。句

17、中所用的句型是比較句型，as well后面省略了“as+比較的對(duì)象”，即as it does if you do not hold your nose when you eat 。由于這個(gè)句子太長(zhǎng)，因此在不影響句意的情況下，就省略了比較的部分。as well在此類情景中可以理解為“同樣地，和前者一樣地”。將省略的部分添補(bǔ)完整并譯成漢語(yǔ):You can do it, but I cannot do it as well. 這事兒你能做，而我就做不了你那么好。(省略了as you do)I can hear you quite as well when you speak softly. I ca

18、n write as well with my left hand. 你輕聲說我同樣也能聽清楚。 (省略了as I can hear you when you speak loudly )I can write as well with my left hand.我用左手也可以寫得一樣好。(省略了as I can write with my right hand)(2)其他一些副詞也可以像well一樣，有類似的用法。He runs as fast without shoes.他不穿鞋跑得也一樣快。(省略了as he runs with shoes)I cannot see as clearly

19、 without glasses. 不戴眼鏡，我就看不了那么清楚。(省略了as I see with glasses )as well (as) 表示“既又.；不但而且”，重在強(qiáng)調(diào)as well前面的人或事物，用于句末時(shí)，用as well。not only.but also與as well as同義，但重在強(qiáng)調(diào)but also之后的人或事物。as well as還可表示“和一樣好”。11. Blind people can read by touching letters in raised dots called Braille.盲人可以通過觸摸被稱為布萊葉盲文的凸起圓點(diǎn)式字母閱讀。(1)句

20、中by是介詞，后面接名詞、代詞或v-ing形式，表示方式，意為“通過，憑借，乘，靠”。It's not fair to judge people by their appearance. 以貌取人是不公平的。They put out the fire by pouring water on it. 他們潑水救火。She earns her living by selling books. 她靠賣書為生。(2)letters in raised dots表示“以凸；起的圓點(diǎn)形成的字母”，其中介詞in意為“以，用”，表示方式，常指以某種語(yǔ)言、文字、符號(hào)等形式。They are talkin

21、g in English. 他們正在用英語(yǔ)交談。Some e-mail English is written in abbreviations. 有些電子郵件英語(yǔ)是用縮寫詞寫成的。On the Internet, young people show their emotions in emotion.在網(wǎng)上，年輕人以情感符號(hào)來表示他們的情感。(3)raised dots 意為“凸起的圓點(diǎn)”，raised是過去分詞作定語(yǔ)。單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在名詞之前。Theirs is a united family. 他們家是一個(gè)團(tuán)結(jié)的家庭。I have his written promise. 我有

22、他的書面承諾。This was an unexpected development. 這是一個(gè)出人意料的新情況。(4)called Braille是一個(gè)過去分詞短語(yǔ)，作定語(yǔ)修飾raised dots，表示“被稱為布萊葉盲文的凸起的圓點(diǎn)”。過去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，要放在被修飾詞的后面。On the moon, there is a basin called Wan Hu Sea, in the name of an ancient Chinese.在月球上，有一個(gè)被稱為“萬(wàn)戶?！钡呐璧?，是以一位中國(guó)古人的名字命名的。 Yesterday I got an e-mail written in cod

23、e. 昨天我收到一封用密碼寫成的電子郵件。(5)Braille意為“布萊葉盲字，布萊葉點(diǎn)字法”，指由法國(guó)人Louis Braille創(chuàng)制的用凸點(diǎn)符號(hào)表示的，以供盲人書寫、摸讀的文字符號(hào)體系。12. Other people only need to hear something once or twice before they can remember it.另一些人只需要聽到某物一兩次就能記住它。before 此處譯作“就”，另外它還有如下意思：(1)才He had walked for a whole day before he found the water. 他走了一整天才找到水。(

24、2)趁.未，以免Write down the telephone number before you forget it. 趁你還沒忘記，把電話號(hào)碼寫下來。(3)還沒來得及Before he could answer, hundreds of bricks fell on him and killed him. 他還沒來得及回答，數(shù)百塊磚落在他身上，把他砸死了。(4)在.前He had learned some Chinese before he came to China. 在采中國(guó)之前，他已學(xué)過一些漢語(yǔ)。(5)用在It iswaswill be (not) + 一段時(shí)間 + before.

25、句型中，意為“.才，.就”。It was three weeks before they arrived at the village. 三個(gè)星期后他們才到達(dá)那個(gè)村子。before long 不久 long before 很久以前13. As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat.正當(dāng)波莉打量火車?yán)锏某丝蜁r(shí)，她感覺到有一個(gè)穿黑色外套的男人在注視著她。(1)句中sense用作動(dòng)詞，表示“感覺到”，相當(dāng)于feel，后

26、接名詞或從句作賓語(yǔ)。Although his boss said nothing, Jim still sensed the pressure. 盡管老板什么也沒說，但吉姆還是感覺到了壓力。Anna sensed that someone was following her. 安娜感覺到有人在跟蹤她。(2)was being watched表示“正在被注視”，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：waswere being + 過去分詞。這是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。Anna sensed that she was being followed by someone. 安娜感覺到她正在被人跟蹤。The blocks we

27、re being moved out of the road when he got there. 他到那兒的時(shí)候，路障正被清除。(3)in a dark coat表示“穿著黑色外套”?！癷n+服飾或顏色”可以表示人的穿戴。The man in a uniform is a detective. 穿制服的那個(gè)男的是一名偵探。Do you know the girl in red? 你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)穿紅衣服的女孩嗎?14. While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her. 當(dāng)其

28、他乘客陸續(xù)下車的時(shí)候，她掃視了一下周圍的面孔。句中the rest of.表示“其余的.，剩余的.”。當(dāng)這一結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由of后面的名詞決定。(1)當(dāng)“the rest of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Gina has gone to the library. The rest of the students are in the classroom.吉娜去圖書館了。其余的學(xué)生都在教室里。(2)當(dāng)"the rest of + 不可數(shù)名詞”時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。One-third of the earth's surface is cover

29、ed with land. The rest of it is covered with water. 地球表面三分之一被陸地覆蓋，其余部分被水覆蓋。(3)當(dāng)the rest作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，要注意前面提到過的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，由此決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。Some of the information is from the Internet. The rest is from TV and newspapers.有些信息來自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，其余的來自電視和報(bào)紙。Some of his classmates are from the South. The rest are from Beijing.他班上有

30、些同學(xué)來自南方，其余的來自北京。among the rest 在其余的當(dāng)中 and the rest 其他，等等 for the rest 至于其余的15. When Polly left home that morning, the city was already covered in a grey mist. 波莉離開家的那天早晨，這座城市已籠罩在灰白色的霧氣中。(1)when在此用作連詞，表示“當(dāng).的時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。When he arrived at the station, the train had already gone. 當(dāng)他到達(dá)車站時(shí)，火車已經(jīng)開走了。when用

31、作連詞，還可表示下列含義：(=as soon as )一.就.(=if) 如果(=although)雖然，然而，可是(=since，as)既然(=considering that)考慮到(=and then)就在那時(shí)(常與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)或過去將來時(shí)連用)(2)cover 仍遮蓋，掩蓋；占地(面積)；走過，行走(路程)；讀完；采訪；(錢)夠用；包括，涵蓋She covered her face with her hands. 她以手掩面。The Red Army covered 25,000 Li on the Long March. 紅軍長(zhǎng)征時(shí)走了兩萬(wàn)五千里。How many pages have

32、 you covered? 你已讀了多少頁(yè)了?Many journalists were sent to cover the medical conference. 許多記者被派去采訪那次醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)議。be covered with 由所覆蓋 cover up 掩飾，隱匿under (the) cover of 在.掩護(hù)下；以.為借口 from cover to cover 從頭至尾under the same cover 在同一封信或同一郵包中16. Polly set off towards Park Street. 波莉向花園街走去。set off 動(dòng)身，出發(fā)(常與for連用)；引爆，使爆炸

33、；引起，激發(fā)Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling. 股票市場(chǎng)上人心惶惶，掀起了拋售浪潮。set about doing sth開始著手做某事 set an example to 為.樹立榜樣set out to do sth開始做某事 set aside 存儲(chǔ)，留出set up 建立，成立 set forth 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身 set foot on 踏上，涉足 set fire to 點(diǎn)燃，點(diǎn)火17. As she walked along, she heard the sound of footsteps, but by the

34、time she reached the corner of the street, the footsteps were gone.走著走著，她聽到了一陣腳步聲，可等到她到了街道拐角處，腳步聲又消失了。(1)句中的by the time.表示“到的時(shí)候”，常引導(dǎo)一個(gè)從句作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于when。by the time + 一般過去時(shí)，主句用過去完成時(shí)，表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前。By the time the doctor arrived, the patient had died. 醫(yī)生到達(dá)時(shí)，病人已經(jīng)死了。by the time + 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)從句，主句用將采完成時(shí)，表示主句動(dòng)作將

35、先發(fā)生。By the time he comes, we will have finished the job. 他到來的時(shí)候，我們將已經(jīng)把活兒干完了。 當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)有表狀態(tài)的be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主句通常不用完成時(shí)態(tài)。By the time the doctor arrived, the patient was dead. 醫(yī)生到達(dá)時(shí)，病人已經(jīng)死了。By the time he comes, we will be on top of the mountain. 他到來的時(shí)候，我們將已在山頂了。 (2)句中g(shù)one是go的過去分詞，作表語(yǔ)。在主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，gone作表語(yǔ)，表示“沒有了”或“用完了”“丟失了

36、。His job was gone. 他的工作沒有了。The supplies are all gone. 供應(yīng)品全用完了。All is over. Everything is gone. 一切都完了。什么都沒了。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人時(shí)，gone作表語(yǔ)，表示“不在”“走了”“死了”。Now that he was really gone, she felt sorry. 現(xiàn)在他真的走了，她感到很遺憾。By the time her father was gone, Mary was only two years old. 父親死的時(shí)候，瑪麗只有兩歲。 表示時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)可作為連詞用的還有：every tim

37、e，the instant，the moment，the day，the year，next time，the first (second，third.)time等以及副詞immediately，instantly，directly等。18. Suddenly Polly felt a rough hand brush her face. 忽然，波莉覺得有一只粗糙的手拂了一下她的臉.(1)句中felt是feel(感官動(dòng)詞)的過去形式，brush為動(dòng)詞原形作hand的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為： feel+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(dodoingdone)I felt the building shake. 我感覺

38、到建筑物搖晃了一下。I feel myself lifted up. 我覺得自己好像被舉起來了。(2)rough adj粗糙的，不平的；粗略的，大致的；粗野的；有暴風(fēng)雨的，狂暴的；艱難的Give me a rough idea of your plans. 請(qǐng)把你計(jì)劃的大致想法告訴我。in rough 粗略地，大致地 in the rough 未加工，未完成(2)brush vt. & vi. 輕擦，輕拂，掠過，輕拭；n刷子，畫筆She brushed past him without saying a word. 她和他擦肩而過，一句話也沒說。19. Polly found hers

39、elf staring up at a man standing with his hand resting on her arm. 波莉發(fā)現(xiàn)自己身邊站著一個(gè)男人，他的手搭在她的胳膊上。(1)find oneself在句中表示“發(fā)覺自己處于某種狀態(tài)”，后面常跟補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示所處的狀態(tài)。 find oneself + v-ing形式，表示“某人不知不覺/無意識(shí)地做某事”。When the joke was finished, the girl found herself giggling. 笑話說完之后，那個(gè)女孩咯咯笑個(gè)不停。I found myself following the crowd mo

40、ving forward. 我不知不覺地跟著人群向前移動(dòng)。find oneself + 形容詞過去分詞。Tom found himself totally lost in this big city. 湯姆發(fā)覺自己在這座大城市里完全迷路了。They found themselves attracted by the painting. 他們不禁被那幅畫吸引住了。find oneself + 介詞短語(yǔ)。The man soon found himself in a dilemma. 那個(gè)男人很快就發(fā)覺自己處于進(jìn)退兩難的局面。When she woke up, she found herself

41、under the bed. 當(dāng)她醒來時(shí)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己竟然在床底下。(2)stare up at是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，表示“盯著，凝視”，up為副詞，表示動(dòng)作的方向。一些表方向的副詞常用于動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中，表示動(dòng)作的方向。Mother stared down at her little son, hoping to find the answer from his eyes. 母親低下頭，盯著年幼的兒子，期望從他的眼中找到答案。He looked up into the sky. 他抬起頭仰望天空。The fireman jumped in through the window. 消防隊(duì)員從窗戶跳了進(jìn)去。S

42、he rushed out into the street. 她沖出來，跑到街上。(3)句中standing.是v-ing短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾a man。v-ing短語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作是主動(dòng)的，正在進(jìn)行；過去分詞短語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作是被動(dòng)的。Do you know the man driving the car? 你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)開車的男人嗎?Do you know the man killed in the car accident? 你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)在車禍中喪生的男人嗎?(4)句中with his hand resting on her arm是介詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ),with引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)表示狀態(tài)時(shí),with后面可以

43、有如下結(jié)構(gòu)：跟名詞。She is working with extraordinary energy. 她以異乎尋常的精力工作著。跟v-ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。Peter soon fell asleep with the light still burning. 彼得很快睡著了，燈還亮著。The day was bright , with a breeze blowing. 天亮著，微風(fēng)徐徐。跟介詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。We sat on the dry grass with our backs to the wall. 我們背靠著墻坐在于草上。跟過去分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。She sat there with

44、 her head bent. 她坐在那兒，低著頭。20. I can't see your face, but you sound young. 我看不見你的臉，但你的聲音聽上去很年輕。sound n聲音; vt.& vi. (使)發(fā)出聲響；link-v聽起來The bell is sounded every hour. 那個(gè)鈴每小時(shí)響一次。That music sounds beautiful. 那音樂聽起來很優(yōu)美。辨析sound，voice與noisesound 指“聲音”時(shí)，是普通用語(yǔ)，泛指大自然的一切聲音。voice 指人發(fā)出的聲音，尤指說話聲； noise 指噪音，

45、尤指嘈雜聲。 此外，sound用作系動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后接形容詞而非副詞作表語(yǔ)。21. Which sense do you think would be the worst to lose？你認(rèn)為失去哪一種感官最糟糕? do you think在句中作插入語(yǔ)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)是“特殊疑問詞+插入語(yǔ)+陳述語(yǔ)序?或“特殊疑問詞(作主語(yǔ))+do you think + 疑問句剩余部分(詞序不變)?！盬ho do you think has taken his wallet? 你認(rèn)為誰(shuí)拿了他的錢包?Where do you think they went? 你認(rèn)為他們?nèi)ツ膬毫? 在有do you thinksugge

46、stbelievesupposeimagine等的句子中，疑問詞必須放在句首，且句子用陳述語(yǔ)序。Part II Word power and Grammar1. reduce(1)vt減輕，縮小，減小(尺寸)，降低(價(jià)格)We were hoping that they would reduce the rent a little. 我們希望他們會(huì)把租金降低一點(diǎn)。The manpower has been reduced by half. 勞動(dòng)力已經(jīng)減少了一半。(2)vt使陷入(常與介詞to連用)Eventually Tom was reduced to begging on the stre

47、ets. 最后湯姆被迫淪落到沿街乞討的地步。His words reduced me to silence. 他的話讓我無言以對(duì)。(3)vt使成為(某種狀態(tài))(常與介詞to連用)The house was reduced to ashes. 房子(被燒)成灰燼。reducer n. 縮減者，變形者 reduction n.C；U變小，減小，降低 increase 認(rèn)增長(zhǎng)，增加，提高2volunteer(1)n.C志愿者Are there volunteers for the event? 對(duì)于那件事有沒有自愿要幫忙的人?(2)vt自愿(做某事)，自告奮勇。后跟to+v. 。The young

48、man volunteered to stop the drunk men from fighting.那個(gè)青年自告奮勇，要去阻止那幾個(gè)醉漢打架。(3)vi. 自愿，自動(dòng)申請(qǐng)(常與介詞for連用)I volunteered for his election campaign. 我自愿為他的競(jìng)選活動(dòng)助一臂之力。voluntary adj自發(fā)的，自動(dòng)的，自愿的 voluntarily adv自愿地involuntary adj非自愿的，非本意的 involuntarily adv非自愿地，無意地3experiment(1)n.C；U實(shí)驗(yàn)The students are carrying out a

49、n experiment in physics. 學(xué)生們正在進(jìn)行物理實(shí)驗(yàn)。(2)vi. 做實(shí)驗(yàn)，用做實(shí)驗(yàn)(常與介詞onupon連用)The scientist experimented on frogs. 這個(gè)科學(xué)家用青蛙來做實(shí)驗(yàn)。 辨析experiment與experienceexperiment指科學(xué)家進(jìn)行的實(shí)驗(yàn)或用來表示人們?yōu)榱藱z驗(yàn)?zāi)撤N效果而進(jìn)行的任何活動(dòng)；experience指人們經(jīng)歷過的事情，即生活中所遇到的事情或通過學(xué)習(xí)、實(shí)踐取得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。experimental adj實(shí)驗(yàn)性的 experienced adj有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，熟練的4add(1)vt把力口到上Add 5 to 3 and

50、you have 8. 五加三等于八。The fire is going out, will you add some wood? 火要滅了，你添加點(diǎn)木柴好嗎?(2)vt. 補(bǔ)充，繼續(xù)說“I'll come later,” he added. “我隨后就到，”他又說道。Is there anything you'd like to add, David? 戴維，你還有什么要補(bǔ)充的嗎?(3)vi.增添，添加，增加(常與介詞to連用)The music added to our enjoyment. 音樂給我們?cè)鎏砹丝鞓?。Their coming added to our diff

51、iculty. 他們的到來增加了我們的困難oaddition n加，增加物；新增部分 additional adj附加的，追加的，補(bǔ)充的 add in包括在內(nèi) add up to合計(jì)，加起來是，共達(dá) add to增加了 add.to. 把.到.上 add fuel to the fire 火上澆油 in addition 另外 in addition to 除.之外 add insult to injury 把關(guān)系弄得更糟，雪上加霜5misuse(1)vt. 錯(cuò)用，誤用，濫用The government officials shouldn't misuse their power. 政

52、府官員不應(yīng)該濫用他們的職權(quán)。If you misuse the word, you may mislead the readers. 如果錯(cuò)用了這個(gè)單詞，你可能會(huì)誤導(dǎo)讀者。(2)n.C；U 錯(cuò)用，濫用，誤用We should prevent the misuse of power. 我們應(yīng)阻止濫用權(quán)力。They designed a system to prevent credit card misuse. 他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)系統(tǒng)以防止信用卡的錯(cuò)用。6everyday adj日常的，通常的，每天的(只作定語(yǔ))The book is written in simple everyday langua

53、ge. 這本書用簡(jiǎn)單的日常用語(yǔ)寫成。Such is their everyday life. 這就是他們的日常生活。辨析everyday與every dayeveryday是形容詞，作定語(yǔ)，表示“日常的，平常的”；every day是副詞詞組，作狀語(yǔ)，表示“每天，天天”。We speak English every day. 我們天天講英語(yǔ)。The everyday English should be learnt by heart. 應(yīng)該記住日常英語(yǔ)。7touch(1)vt接觸，觸及(其他某物)One of the branches was just touching the water.

54、一根樹枝剛好觸及水面。(2)vt感動(dòng)，觸動(dòng)Her tragic story touched us all deeply. 她的悲慘故事深深地感動(dòng)了我們所有人。Her tragic story touched our hearts with sorrow. 她悲慘的經(jīng)歷使我們都很傷心。(3)vt. 輕觸，輕碰 (某人某物)Can you touch the top of the door? 你夠得著門的上面嗎?He touched me on the ann. 他碰了碰我的胳膊。(4)n.C觸，接觸(常用作單數(shù))I felt a touch on my arm. 我覺得有人碰了一下我的胳膊。(5

55、)nU觸覺Blind people rely a lot on touch. 盲人很大程度上依靠觸覺。staykeep in touch with sb. 與某人保持聯(lián)系 get in touch with sb與某人取得聯(lián)系 lose touch with sb. 與某人失去聯(lián)系 be out of touch with sb與某人失去聯(lián)系8sweat(1)n. U汗，汗水，汗液He wiped the sweat from/off his face. 他擦去臉上的汗。(2)n. C出一陣汗，出一身汗A sweat will do him good. 出汗對(duì)他有益。(3)vi. 出汗，流汗，

56、冒汗I was sweating after the long climb. 長(zhǎng)時(shí)間攀爬后我流汗不止。sweater n套頭衫，毛衣 sweaty adj. 有汗的，被汗水濕透的 work up a sweat 因辛苦工作而流汗break out in a sweat 冒汗 get into a sweat (about sth.) (因某事而)擔(dān)心，焦慮 a cold sweat 一身冷汗no sweat 一點(diǎn)也不難，毫不費(fèi)力，小事一樁9destination (1)n. C目的地，終點(diǎn)They set off for their destinations. 他們朝著他們的目的地出發(fā)了。(2)n.C目標(biāo)，目的