單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)”——主謂一致用法歸納

1、單 數(shù) 還 是 復(fù) 數(shù) ？ ” 主 謂 一 致 用 法 歸 納名詞作主語 family, class, group, team等集體名詞作主語，若指一個 整體時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，若指其中一個個具體成員時，謂語動詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。His family is a happy one.His family isnt larc他家的人不多。My family all like watching TV.我們一家人都喜歡看電視。people, police, cattle等集體名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù) 數(shù)形式，The police are waiting for the boy.The police are

2、 searching for the thief.People here are very friendly.這兒的人很友好?！皌he+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”表示一家人時，謂語一般用復(fù)數(shù)。The Smiths are having dinner.“the+形容詞”表示一類人時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，這類詞有：the brave, the poor, the rich,the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb,the injured,the wounded, the unemployed等。表示抽象概念時，用單數(shù)形

3、式。例如：The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad.窮人很快 樂，富人卻過得不快樂。The beautiful lives forever.美是永存的。以-s結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語通常用單數(shù)形式，如news, maths, physics等，例如：No news is good news.沒有消息就是好消息。Maths is very popular in our class在我們班數(shù)學(xué)很受歡 迎。more than one+單數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。例如：More than one student has ever been t

4、o Beijing.不止一個 學(xué)生曾經(jīng)去過北京。表示時間，價格，重量，數(shù)目，長度，數(shù)學(xué)運算等的詞 或短語作主語時，這些通常作一個整體概 念，謂語用單數(shù)形式。例如：Three years has passed since then.Two months is a long holiday.兩個月是一個長假。Twenty pounds isnt so heavy.20英鎊并不太重。Ten miles isnt a long distance.1 0英里并不是一段很長的 距離。Five minus four is one. 5減4等于1。 a number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；th

5、enumber of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如：A number of famous people were invited to party.許多名 人都被邀請參加這個聚會。The number of the students is over eight hundred.我們學(xué) 校的學(xué)生數(shù)超過800人。A number of students have gone home.The number of pages in this book is two hundred.動詞不定式，動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 例如：To see is to believe眼見為實。Doi

6、ng eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼睛保健操對 你的眼睛十分有益。主語為one of , each of, every one of, any one of加復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞，謂語用單數(shù)。如：One of my favorite sports is basketball.Each of them has an English dictionary.他們每人都有一本 英語詞典。當(dāng)kind of, pair of, glass of等表示確定數(shù)量的名詞短語修 飾主語時，謂語與kind, pair, glass等一致。例如：This pair of sho

7、es is Tom這雙鞋是湯姆的。There are two glasses of water on the table.桌上有兩杯水。A pair of shoes was on the desk.“l(fā)otsof/ a lot of/plenty of/ all/ most/ half / the rest of +名詞”或“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞取決于名詞的數(shù)；若是不可數(shù)名詞，用單數(shù)；若 名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，則用復(fù)數(shù)。這是因為短語中后面的名詞是中心詞，而短語中前面的量詞是修飾語Lots of damage was caused by fire.About three- fourth

8、s of the earths surface is covered withwater.Three-fifths of the workers here are women.Most of his time is spent on study.代詞作主語 none與可數(shù)名詞連用，謂語動詞可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù)，none如果代表不可數(shù)名詞時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。None of the land has become desert.這些土地都沒有變成沙 漠。不定代詞somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything,everybody, everyone, ev

9、erything,nobody, no one, nothing作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，例如：Is everyone here today今天大家到齊了嗎？Something is wrong with him.他有毛病。Nobody was in.沒有人在家。疑問代詞who, what, which作主語時，如果說話人不知道 具體的內(nèi)容，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)。Who lives next doorWhats in the bag并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語由bothand連接兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用 復(fù)數(shù)形式；Both his father and his mother are both teach

10、ers.他的爸 爸和媽媽都是老師。由and連接的兩個名詞作主語時，一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Walking and riding are good exercises.但and所連接的并列主語是同一個人，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，這時and后面的名詞沒有冠詞。如：The writer and teacher is coming.那位作家兼教師來了。（作家和教師指同一個人）The writer and the teacher are coming.（作家和老師是兩個人）and前后的并列主語如果表示的是同一個概念，即前后合起 來是一個整體，作家和老師來了不可割裂開來，謂語動 詞依然用單數(shù)形式。Going to bed

11、 early and getting up early is a good habit.A knife and fork is on the table.(刀叉和在一起才是完整的一 副。)Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness. (9A 125)工作太多休息太少常常導(dǎo)致疾病。 or, either or，neither nor,not only but also,not -but,連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，根據(jù)就近原則決定謂語動詞形式。例如：Tom or Jack is wrong.不是湯姆就是杰克錯了。Either

12、you or I am right.要么你要么我是對的。當(dāng)主語后面跟有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like,including, in addition to, rather than等詞或介詞短語時，謂 語動詞由主語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。例如：Mike with his father has been to England.邁克同他的父親去過英格蘭。Mike, like his brother, enjoys playing football邁克像他的哥哥一樣喜歡踢足球。The teacher as well

13、 as the students was reading in the library.與句式有關(guān)的主謂一致由what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)，但所指 的具體內(nèi)容是復(fù)數(shù)意義時，謂語動詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式，例如：What we need is more time.What we need are doctors.在地點置于句首的倒裝句中，謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的 主語一致。如：Here comes Simon.Here are some books and paper for you.這是給你的書和紙。Between the two windows hangs a picture. Ther

14、e be結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動詞與臨近的主語一致，即“就近 原則”。例如：There is a book and three pens on the desk.桌子上有一本 書，三只鋼筆。關(guān)系代詞who, that, which等在定語從句中作主語時，其 謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。Those who want to go please put up your hands.Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun.以下為高中階段主謂一致內(nèi)容，僅供參考。如果主語有more than one或many a構(gòu)成，盡管從意 義上

15、看是復(fù)數(shù)內(nèi)容，但它的謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式。如：More than one student has read the book.Many a girl has been there.Many a student has been to Shanghai.許多學(xué)生到過上 海。主語是each/every/no+單數(shù)名詞+and(each/every)+單數(shù) 名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如：Each boy and each girl has got a seat.每個男孩和女孩都 有一個座位。Every man and every woman is at work.每個男人和女人都 在工作。Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema.one and a half+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：One and a half hours is enough.一個半小時足夠了。One and a half bananas is left on the table.在“one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+who/that/which