2015年人教版八年級上冊英語重點短語與語法

1、2015年人教版八年級上冊英語重點短語與語法Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?（談?wù)摷倨谏?，一般過去時）Unit 2 How often do you exercise?（談?wù)撋盍晳T，一般現(xiàn)在時）Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister（談?wù)撌挛飳Ρ龋?形容詞比較級）Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater?（談?wù)撌挛锉容^，形容詞最高級）Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?（談?wù)搩?nèi)心想法，一般現(xiàn)在時）Unit6 Im going to study

2、 computer science.(談?wù)勆畹哪繕?，一般將來時)Unit7 Will people have robots?(對將來生活的預言，一般將來時)Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?(描述進程，祈使句)Unit9 Can you come to my party?(學習邀請，作出、接受和拒絕邀請，學習表請求的句子)Unit10 If you go to the party, youll have a great time.(作出決定，學習if的條件狀語從句)復習一般過去時復合不定代詞的用法反身代詞的用法系動詞的用法動詞后的to do和

3、doing 的區(qū)別ed形容詞和ing形容詞的區(qū)別“近義詞”的區(qū)別本單元中的主謂一致現(xiàn)象動詞過去式的構(gòu)成及不規(guī)則動詞表用同義短語轉(zhuǎn)換同義句時謂語動詞形式一致性的培養(yǎng)。感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)和連詞的選擇。Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?重點短語1. go on vacation去度假 2.stay at home 待在家里 3.go to the mountains 去爬山 4. go to the beach 去海灘 5. visit museums 參觀博物館 6. go to summer camp 去參加夏令營7.quite a few 相當多 8.study

4、for 為而學習 9.go out 出去 10.most of the time 大部分時間 11. taste good 嘗起來很好吃 12.have a good time 玩得高興 13. of course 當然 14.feel like 給的感覺；感受到 15.go shopping 去購物 16.in the past 在過去 17. walk around 四處走走 18. because of 因為 19. one bowl of 一碗 20. the next day 第二天 21. drink tea 喝茶 22. find out 找出； 查明 23. go on 繼續(xù)

5、24.take photos 照相 25. something important 重要的事 26. up and down 上上下下 27. come up 出來 28. buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 為某人買某物 29. taste + adj. 嘗起來 30. look+adj. 看起來 31.nothingbut+動詞原形 除了之外什么都沒有 32.seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起來 33. arrive in+大地點 / arrive at+小地點 到達某地 34.decide to do sth. 決定去做某事 35. try doing

6、 sth. 嘗試做某事 / 36. try to do sth. 盡力去做某事 37. forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事/ 38. forget to do sth. 忘記做某事 39. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事 40. want to do sth. 想去做某事 41. start doing sth. 開始做某事 42. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 43. dislike doing sth.不喜歡做某事 44. keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事 45. Why not do. sth.? 為什么不做呢？46. so+adj.+

7、that+從句 如此以至于 47. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人（不要）做某事 48 .have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.)玩得痛快三、重點句子： 1. Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪兒度假的？ 2. Long time no see. 好久不見。 3. Did you go anywhere interesting? 你去有趣的地方了嗎？ 4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.

8、大多數(shù)時間我只呆在家里看書和放松。 5. Everything was excellent. 一切都很棒。 6. I bought something for my father. 我給我爸爸買了些東西。 7. How did you like it？ 你覺得它怎么樣？ 8. I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早晨我和家人到達馬來西亞檳城。 9. For lunch, we had something very special. 午飯我們吃了很特別的東西。 10. but many of the old

9、 buildings are still there. 但是許多舊的建筑物還在那里。 11. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today. 今天我和爸爸決定去檳城山。 12. And because of the bad weather , we couldnt see anything below. 并且因為糟糕的天氣，我們看不見下面的任何東西。語法：復合不定代詞或副的構(gòu)成及用法 構(gòu)成：由some, any, no, every分別加上-body, -thing, -one構(gòu)成的不定代詞叫做合成不定代詞；加上-where構(gòu)成副詞。 用

10、法： （1）合成不定代詞在句中可以作主語，賓語或表語等。 Nobody will listen to him. He wants something to eat. （2）不定代詞作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。 There is nothing wrong with the TV. Everybody likes reading. （3）some-不定代詞，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代詞則多用于否定句、疑問句中。但some-可用于表請求、邀請、預料對方會作肯定回答時的疑問句中。 Someone is calling me. There isnt anyone else there. Is a

11、nybody over there? Could you give me something to eat? （4）形容詞修飾不定代詞時，通常要放在不定代詞之后。 There is something delicious on the table. （5）somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere用作副詞。 Flowers come out everywhere. 注： 形容詞修飾不定代詞要后置：anything special 不定代詞做主語時謂語用單數(shù).鞏固練習：用不定代詞或不定副詞填空： 1. I cant hear anything = I can

12、 hear _. 2. There is _ on the floor. Please pick it up. 3. Did _ go to play basketball with you ? 4. I phoned you last night, but _ answered it. 5. Maybe _ put my pencil _. I cant find it _. 單選 1. No one _ how to do it. A.know B. knows C. knowing D. knew 2. Everything_OK, isnt it? A. was B. are C. a

13、nd D. is 3. Theres_in the newspaper. You should read it. A. important something B. something boring C. boring something D. something important.arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.(翻譯)_ arrive為不及物動詞，意為_,arrive in 到達+大地方（國家 省 市） arrive at 到達+小地方（機場 商店等) get to 到達+地方 reach 到達+地方 T

14、he Smiths_ New York at 8:00 last night. A.arrived at B. got to C.reach D.arrived 2. so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. (翻譯)_ 3. decide為及物動詞，意為決定，決心。決定做某事：_. 4. My sister and I tried paragliding. （翻譯）_ try to do sth.意為_;try doing sth.意為_ We shouldnt try _(study) English, we should try _

15、(study) English. 5.I felt like I was a bird.(翻譯)_ _. feel like意為_后常接_.另外feel like還意為_Do you feel like a cup of tea? 6.I wonder what life was like here in the past.（翻譯）_ wonder為及物動詞，意為“想知道”，后常接疑問詞（who, what, why)引導的從句。I wonder _ you are doing.(我想知道你正在做什么。) 6.What a difference a day makes! 感嘆句，結(jié)構(gòu)為What

16、 +名詞+主語+謂語！補充：_ 7. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. _ 為等候 ,后接人或物。_為太多，后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù); _+不可數(shù)名詞（money）; _為太后接形容詞或副詞（big） 8 .My father didnt bring enough money. Enough后可接_，其形式分別為_；_。want to do sth. 想要做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 would like to do sth. 想要做某事 (2) decid

17、e to do sth. 決定做某事 decide on 決定某事課后練習 一、用所給詞的適當形式填空。 1. I didnt find _ ( someone ) there. 2. Is there _( something ) important in todays newspaper? 3. Look! There is _ ( anybody ) at home. The light is on. 4. Amy _ ( meet ) a famous actor yesterday. 5. There _ ( be ) forty-five students in our class

18、 last term. 6. Miss Green _ ( come ) to China in 2008. 7. Little Tom _ ( be ) here a moment ago. 8. She _ ( buy ) a new bag yesterday. 二、單項選擇 ( )1. -_ you _ to the movies？ - Yes, I did. A. Did went B. Did go C. Are went ( )2. - How was your weekend? - Great! We _ a picnic in the park. A. have B. has

19、 C. had ( )3. Mrs Green with her little daughter _ at home _ that rainy night. A. was on B. were on C. was at ( )4. - Who told you to clean the windows? -Miss Wang _ A. told B. did C. has told ( )5. - Do you always _ to the zoo? - Yes, I _ yesterday. A. go go B. go went C. went go ( )6. - _ there an

20、y koalas in the zoo last year? - No, there _. A. Are arent B. Were wasnt C. Were werent ( )7.- Did you go with _? - Yes, I did. A. someone B. anyone C. somebody ( )8. - Did you buy _ special? - No, I didnt. A. something B. some things C. anything 三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1Lucy played computer games yesterday. ( 改為一般疑

21、問句 ) _ Lucy _ computer games yesterday? 2We went to the Palace Museum. ( 對劃線部分提問 ) _ _ you _? 3There was someone here just now. （ 改為否定句 ） _ . 4She played volleyball just now. （ 改為否定句 ） She _ _ 5volleyball just now. They ate a lot of ice cream. ( 對劃線部分提問 ) _ _ they _? 6My vacation was pretty good. (

22、對劃線部分提問 ) _ _ your vacation? Monday, July 15th I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. My sister and I tried paragliding. I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting! For lunch, we had something very special

23、Malaysian yellow noodles. They were delicious! In the afternoon, we rode bicycles to Georgetown. There are a lot of new buildings now, but many of the old buildings are still there. In Weld Quay, a really old place in Georgetown, we saw the houses of the Chinese traders from 100 years ago. I wonder

24、what life was like here in the past. I really enjoyed walking around the town. Tuesday, July 16th What a different a day makes! My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today. We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train. We waited over an

25、d hour for the train because there were too many people. When we got to the top, it was raining really hard. We didnt have an umbrella so we were wet and cold. It was terrible. And because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below. My father didnt bring enough money, so we only had one bowl

26、of rice and some fish. The food tasted great because I was so hungry!不規(guī)則動詞過去式： am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said give-gave get-got, go-went come-came have-had, eat-ate take-took run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made read-read, write-wrote draw-drew drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, spea

27、k-spoke, sweep-swept buy-bought, swim-swam, sit-sat, bring-brought, can-could, cut-cut become-became, begin-began, draw-drew feel-felt find-found forget-forgot hear-heard keep-kept know-knew, learn-learnt（learned） leave-left, let-let, lose-lost, meet-met, read-read, sleep-slept, speak-spoke, take-to

28、ok teach-taught , tell-told, wake-wokeUnit2 How often do you exercise?重點短語such as例如；諸如junk food n.垃圾食品；無營養(yǎng)食品more than超過；多于；不僅僅；非常less than不到；少于help with housework 幫助做家務(wù) on weekends 在周末 how often 多久一次 hardly ever 幾乎從不 once a week 每周一次 twice a month 每月兩次 every day 每天 be free 有空 go to the movies 去看電影 u

29、se the Internet 用互聯(lián)網(wǎng) swing dance 搖擺舞 play tennis 打網(wǎng)球 stay up late 熬夜；睡得很晚 at least 至少 have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈課和鋼琴課 go to bed early 早點睡覺 play sports 進行體育活動 be good for 對有好處 go camping 去野營 notat all 一點兒也不 in ones free time 在某人的業(yè)余時間 the most popular 最受歡迎的such as 比如；諸如 old habits die hard 積習難改

30、go to the dentist 去看牙醫(yī) morn than 多于；超過 less than 少于 help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事 How about? .怎么樣？ want sb. to do sth. 想讓某人做某事 How many+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+一般疑問句？ 有多少? spend time with sb. 和某人一起度過時光 Its+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的的。 ask sb. about sth. 向某人詢問某事 by doing sth. 通過做某事 Whats your favorite? 你最喜愛的是什么？the best way

31、 to do sth. 做某事的最好方式三重點語法 (一) 重點句型 1.-What do you usually do on weekends? -I often go to the movies. (1) on weekends/on the weekend在周末 (2) go to the movies 去看電影 (3) 第一個do 助動詞 第二個do 實意動詞 2. hardly ever 幾乎從不 hardly ever 相當于 hardly, ever起強調(diào)作用。hardly 為副詞，意為“幾乎不沒有）”，相當于almost not，本身具有否定含義，不能再使用其他否定詞。 E.g

32、. She hardly eats anything. 辨析: hardly 和hard hard作形容詞，意為“困難的，艱苦的，硬的”； hard作副詞，意為“努力地，猛烈地”。 hardly意為“幾乎不” (1) The ground is too to dig (2) I can understand them. (3) Its raining ,the people can go outside. 3. -How often do you watch TV? -Twice a week. (1) how often 意為“多久一次，多長時間一次”，用來提問頻率。 (2) twice a

33、 week 一周兩次 拓展: 一次 once 兩次 twice 三次或三次以上 基數(shù)詞+ times three times four times 4. Whats your favorite program? = What program do you like best? 你最喜歡的節(jié)目是什么？ 5. How come?怎么回事？怎么會？ 表示某件事情很奇怪，有點想不通；可單獨使用，也可引導一個問句。相當于疑問詞why。但how come 開頭的特殊疑問句使用的仍是陳述語序。 How come you didnt tell me about it? = Why you didnt tell

34、 me about it? 6. I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我也許一個月去看一次電影。 maybe 副詞，意為“或許，大概，可能”，常位于句首。 E.g. Maybe he knows the way to the park. 辨析：maybe 與 may be maybe副詞，作狀語，意為“或許，大概，可能”，常位于句首。 may be 屬于“情態(tài)動詞+be 動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“可能是”。 (1) The baby is crying she is hungry. (2) The woman a teacher . 7. Last month

35、 we asked our students about their free time activities. ask ab. about sth. 詢問某人某事8. We all know that many students often go online, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. 我們都知道許多學生經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)，但是讓我們感到驚訝

36、的是90%的學生每天都上網(wǎng)，而另外10%的學生一周至少上網(wǎng)達三至四次。 (1) other: adj. 其他的+名詞 the other: adj. 其他的+名詞(在特定的范圍內(nèi)) onethe other 一個另一個 E.g. One of them is blue，the other ones are purple. 它們的其中一個是藍色的，其他的是紫色的。 others: 其他的東西 the others: 其他的東西(在特定的范圍內(nèi)) E.g. One of the children likes reading，the others like singing. 后句可替換為the ot

37、her students like singing. (2) at least 至少 at most 最多，至多 E.g. I have ten yuan in my pocket at most. 9. Most students use it for fun and not for homework. 大多數(shù)學生上網(wǎng)是為了娛樂而不是為了寫家庭作業(yè)。 10. The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting.關(guān)于看電視的調(diào)查結(jié)果也十分的有趣。 the answers to our ques

38、tions 問題的答案 dance to the music 和著音樂的節(jié)奏跳舞 key to the lock 這把鎖的鑰匙 11. Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. 盡管許多學生喜歡看體育節(jié)目，但是娛樂節(jié)目是最流行的。 12. It is good to relax by using the Internet of watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 通

39、過使用因特網(wǎng)看娛樂節(jié)目來放松很不錯，但是我們認為最好的放松方式是通過鍛煉來放松。 (1) Its +adj.+to do sth 做某事的 E.g. Its very easy to learn English well. (2) by doing sth. 通過做某事 (3) the best way to do sth. is做某事的最好方式13. It is healthy for the mind and the body. 這有益于身心健康。 stay healthy = keep healthy = keep in good health 保持健康 14. Old habits d

40、ie hard. 舊習難改。 (二)語法知識: 頻度副詞 1. 頻度副詞的含義 (1) 表示次數(shù)、頻率的副詞稱為頻度副詞。 常用的頻度副詞按高低依次為 always usually sometimes seldom hadly ever never 100% 80% 60% 30% 10% 0% (2) 表示具體的頻率、次數(shù)時，一次用once，兩次用twice，三次或三次以上用“基數(shù)詞+times”表示: three times, four times, six times 2. 頻度副詞在句中的位置 (1 )頻度副詞一般在實意動詞之前，be 動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后 E.g. We nev

41、er eat junk food. Lucy is sometimes very busy. I can hardly say a word. (2)有些頻度副詞也可位于句首，但表示不同含義 sometimes 常位于句首，和位于句中區(qū)別不大。 E.g. Sometimes Jack plays computer games. often 用于句首時，通常表示強調(diào)，且其前一般有quite，very 修飾 E.g.Very often he goes online. Usually 也可位于句首，其前不用修飾語。 E.g. Usually my father goes up early. Alw

42、ays 一般不用于句首，但可以用在祈使句中。 E.g. Always remember this. 3. 對頻度副詞提問時，用how often E.g. -How often do you go to the movies? -Once a month Unit3 Im more outgoing than my sister.重點短語. more outgoing 更外向 asas 與一樣 the singing competition 唱歌比賽be similar to 與相像的/類似的 the same as 和相同；與一致 be different from 與不同 care abo

43、ut 關(guān)心；介意 be like a mirror 像一面鏡子 the most important 最重要的 as long as 只要；既然 bring out 使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出 get better grades 取得更好的成績 reach for 伸手取 in fact 事實上；實際上 make friends 交朋友 the other 其他的touch ones heart 感動某人 be talented in music 有音樂天賦 be good at 擅長 be good with 善于與相處 have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的樂趣 be good at

44、doing sth 擅長做某事 make sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事 as+adj./adv.的原級+as 與一樣 Its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 對某人來說，做某事的。三重點語法 (一) 重點句型 1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom. 薩姆和湯姆都會打鼓，但是薩姆比湯姆打得要好一些。 both (1) 表示“兩者都”， both用在含有be動詞的句中，應放在be動詞的后面；用在含有行為動詞的句中，應放在

45、行為動詞的前面， (2) bothand表示“兩者都”，both.and在句中連接并列成分，如主語、謂語、表語、賓語等，位置比較靈活。 E.g. Both New York and London have traffic problems. (連接主語) The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish.(連接謂語)【考例】My parents _ doctors. A. both are B. all are C. are all D. are both 拓展：all表示“三者或三者以上全都”的意思，every指三個以上的人或物(含三個)，each指兩

46、個以上的人或物(含兩個)。 練習：用all,both,every,each填空 1) My brothers and I are _l at school. 2) _ student may have one book. 3) _Tom and Jim are my good friends. 4) Three students are flying kites,they are_ in Class 1. Tara works as hard as Tina. 塔拉學習和蒂娜一樣努力。 as.as意為“與一樣”，as.as中間接形容詞或副詞的原級。其否定結(jié)構(gòu)not as/so.as意為“不如”

47、。 E.g. He is as tall as his father. 他和他爸爸一樣高。 Tom gets up as early as Jim. 湯姆起得和吉姆一樣早。 Lucy isnt as outgoing as Mary. 露西不如瑪麗外向。 注意：(1) 其否定式為not as/so +adj./adv. +as。 E.g. This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think. (2) 若有修飾成分，如twice, three times, half, a quarter等，則須置于第一個as之前。 E.g. Your bag is twice as expensive as mine. 你的包比我的貴一倍。 3. You can tell that Lisa really wan