人教版七年級(jí)上冊(cè)數(shù)詞的用法(解析版)

1、數(shù)詞的用法1 .定義：數(shù)詞是指表示數(shù)目多少或順序先后的詞。表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞，如one, five, ten. thirty, sixty-five 等：表示順序先后的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞，如 first, sixth, tenth, tvventy-first 等。 數(shù)詞用法相當(dāng)于名詞和形容詞，在句中可用作主語、賓語、表語、定語、同位語等。2 .句法功能：作主語：Tlie third is the best of all.第三個(gè)是最好的。Seven of us visited the farm yesterday.我們中七人昨天參觀 了 農(nóng)場(chǎng)。作賓語：I can see only one,我

2、只能看見一個(gè)。I like the first.我喜歡第一個(gè)。作表語：Five times six is thirty./Five multiplies six is thirty. 5 乘以 6 等于三十。Is it May the 21st today? （口語）今天是 5 月 21 日嗎？作定語：We have seven lessons every day,我們每天上 7 節(jié)課。He gets into the lift and goes up to die twelfth floor.他進(jìn) 了 電梯上 了 12 樓。作狀語：Work must come first! 工作第一。作同位

3、語：Tins desk is for us two.這張課桌供我們倆坐。一、基數(shù)詞1 .基數(shù)詞的寫法或讀法。（1）對(duì)于20以內(nèi)的基本的數(shù)字，需要同學(xué)們牢記。要注意其中的一些規(guī)律。例如：13-19的數(shù)字都是“-teen”結(jié)尾等。（2）十位數(shù)與個(gè)位數(shù)之間要加連字符。例如：2 3 一 twenty-three（3）百位數(shù)與個(gè)位數(shù)之間要加and。例如：201 一 two hundred and one 642一 six hundred aiid fbrty-two【拓展】除此之外，較大的數(shù)字是將數(shù)字由右向左每三位加一個(gè)逗號(hào)，使一個(gè)數(shù)字分成幾個(gè) 小節(jié),第一個(gè)逗號(hào)前用thousand （千），第二個(gè)逗號(hào)前

4、用million （百萬），第三個(gè)逗號(hào)前用 billion （十億），然后依次讀出（寫出）。例如：68,343 sixty-eight thousand, three hundred and fbrty-tliree13, 526. 300 thirteen million, five hundred and twenty-six tliousaiid. tliree hundred注意：英語中沒有“萬”和“億”這兩個(gè)單位，只有“百萬（million） ”和“十億（billion） ”；因此 “一萬”是用10個(gè)千，也就是“ten thousand”來表示的，“一億"是用"o

5、ne hundred million”來表 示的。2.基數(shù)詞的用法（1）表示確切數(shù)目時(shí)，hundred, thousand和million只能用單數(shù)，不能變復(fù)數(shù)：但表示不確 定的數(shù)目時(shí)，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，并且要加上。八例如:five hundred 五百three thousand 三千hundreds of成百上千的 thousands of成千上萬的millions of數(shù)百萬的（2）基數(shù)詞可以用來表示時(shí)間。例如：7:30 seven thirty / half past seven6:45 six forty-five / a quarter to seven8:00 eight o'

6、;clock（3）基數(shù)詞可以用來表示年代。例如：1980 年，讀作 nmeteen eiglity2005 年，讀作 two thousand and five（4）基數(shù)詞可以用來表示事物的編號(hào)。例如：第 209 房間Room209第三部分Section 3/Part 3南京路 308 號(hào) 308 Naiijmg Road電話號(hào)碼 3698688T TEL 3698688（5）基數(shù)詞可以用于某些數(shù)學(xué)算式。例如：3+2=5 Three and two is five ©（三加二等于五）10-5=5 Ten minus five is five。（十減五等于五）（6）基數(shù)詞可以用來表示年

7、齡。例如：She is five years old.她五歲了。in his twenties在他二十幾歲時(shí)基數(shù)詞讀寫表：基數(shù)詞100以內(nèi)基數(shù)詞100以上的基本基數(shù)詞1-1011-1920-90a/onc hundred1000za/onc thousandL000.000a/one million10,000,000ten million100,000,(X)0a/onc hundred million (英)1.000.000.000 a/one billion (美)1 one11 eleven2 two12 twelve20 twenty3 three13 thirteen30 thi

8、rty4 four14 fourteen40 forty5 five15 fifteen50 fifty6 six16 sixteen60 sixty7 seven17 seventeen7() seventy8 eight18 eighteen80 eighty9 nine19 nineteen90 ninety10 ten二、序數(shù)詞1 .基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的方法（1）序數(shù)詞是由基數(shù)詞在詞尾加一th構(gòu)成，表示順序的數(shù)詞。它的前而一般要用定冠詞 die o 例如：the sixtli 第六。（2）序數(shù)詞的1, 2, 3這三個(gè)數(shù)字是特殊變化，即它們不是在基數(shù)詞的后面加一th，需要 特別記憶和掌握。第

9、一是：first.第二是：second,第三是：third。（3）從第四到第十九的序數(shù)詞都是在基數(shù)詞的后而加一山，但要注意：第五是fifth,第八是 eiglith,第九是ninth,第十二是twe田h這幾個(gè)特殊變化。（4）以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞，變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時(shí)，把字母y改為再加一公 例如： twenty-twentieth 第 二十，fbrty-fbrtietli 第 四十。（5）從二十一到九十九的序數(shù)詞（整十?dāng)?shù)除外），前而的十位數(shù)用基數(shù)詞，后面的個(gè)位數(shù)用 序數(shù)詞，中間用連字符號(hào)連接。例如：twenty-fbur-twenty-fburth 第二 十四。（6）第一百、第一千、第一百萬分

10、別在相對(duì)應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞的后而直接加一th。即：hundredth* thousandtli. millionth0【拓展】序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式由阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加上序數(shù)詞的最后兩個(gè)字母構(gòu)成。前三個(gè)數(shù)字是特殊情 況，分別是：first- 1st second-2nd thirds 3rd以后的均是在最后的數(shù)字后加“-th”即可。例如：forth>4thm-enty-first*21 stninety-fifth - 95 th2 .序數(shù)詞的用法。（1）序數(shù)詞的前面一般要用定冠詞the表示第幾的意思。例如：You are the second one to know the way.你是第

11、二個(gè)知道方法的人。（2）表示編號(hào)的時(shí)候，經(jīng)常把基數(shù)詞放在名詞的前面表示順序，相當(dāng)于the +序數(shù)詞+名詞， 也可以用“名詞+基數(shù)詞”。例如：Lesson Five=the fifth lesson 第五課（3）表示分?jǐn)?shù)的時(shí)候，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，當(dāng)分子大于1的時(shí)候，分母用復(fù)數(shù) 形式。例如：2/5 two fifths1/5 one fifth2/3 一 two thirds4/7 four sevenths1/2 » a half1/4 一 one fourth = a quarter（4）序數(shù)詞在名詞的前面經(jīng)常作定語修飾名詞，但是當(dāng)名詞的前而已經(jīng)有了物主代詞的時(shí) 候，序數(shù)詞

12、的前面不再用定冠詞the。例如：This is my third question,這是我的第三個(gè)問題。（5）序數(shù)詞前加不定冠詞a/an,表示“再一;又一”的意思。Please try it a second time.請(qǐng)?jiān)僭囈淮?。?）表示“日期”，“年”用基數(shù)詞，“日”用序數(shù)詞。1949 年 10 月 1 日一寫作：Oct. 1st, 1949讀作： Oct. （the） first, uineteeii fbrty-nme2017 年 2 月 28 日一寫作：February 28th, 2017讀作：February、（the） twenty-eighth, two thousand

13、and seventeen?！咀⒁狻咳掌谇暗慕樵~用。n.在 10 月 30 日 on October 30tli在 11 月 22 日 on November 22nd在 12 月 5 日 on December 5th序數(shù)詞讀寫表:練習(xí)序數(shù)詞100以下的基本原數(shù)詞100以上的基本序數(shù)詞1-1011-1920-293<)90100thone hundredth1000thonethousandthl,000,000lhone millionth1,000,000,000th one billionth1 st first11th eleventh20th twentieth30th th

14、irtieth2nd second12th twelfth21sl twenty-first40th fortieth3rd third13th thirteenth22nd twenty-second50th fiftieth4th fourth14lh fourleenlh23rd twenty-third60th sixtieth5th fifth15lh fifteenth24th twcnty-forlh70th seventieth6th sixth16th sixteenth25th twenty-fifth80th eightieth7th seventh17 th seven

15、teenth26lh twenty-sixth90th ninetieth8th eighth18th eighteenth27ih twenty-seventh9th ninth19th nineteenth28lh twcnty-eighlh10th tenth29th twenty-ninthI.根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成單詞。1. December is the t month of the year.2. We have nineteen students here. The new comer is the t.3. When is Lily's birthday p?4.

16、M is the third month of the year.5. The n month of the year is September,n.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Today we will learn the(twelve) lesson.2.1 sit in the(two) row in the class.3. It's August(twenty-one) today.4. We have(45) sheep on the farm.5.1 think the(eight) lesson is difficult.III.用英語寫出適當(dāng)?shù)臄?shù)詞或數(shù)詞詞組。1.

17、There are days in a week.2. There are usually or days in one month except, and thereare usually or days in one year3. New Year's Day is the day of each year.4. Thursday is the day of week.1. is our National Day.6. The month of the year is February.7. There are seconds in minute.8. December is Ch

18、ristmas in America.9. 2/3 and 1/4 is.10. August is the month of a year.N.單項(xiàng)選擇。1. Now children, turn to page and look at the picture in Lesson Two.A. twentieth; oneB. twenty; oneC. twentieth; firstD. twenty; first2. There are four people in front of him, so he is the one.A. five B. fifth C. first D.

19、number3. The Sunday in May is Mother's Day.A. first B. second C. one D. two4. When is your mother's birthday?一 It's.A. February eighthsB. July thirty-thirdC. February 7thD. March nineth5. The month of a year is April.A. third B. forth C. fourth D. fifth6. The girl is, today is her birthd

20、ay.A. twelfth: twelfthB. twelve; twelfthC. twelfth; twelveD. twelve; twelve7. When is the school trip?一 March 13th.A. At B. On C. In D. It's8. Tom is a middle school student. How old is he?A. The thirteenB. ThirteenthC. ThirtyD. Thirteen9. There are usually days in February.A. twenty-eightB. twe

21、nty-nineC. thirtyD. thirty-one10. Sunday is the day of a week.A. one B. two C. first D. second真題鏈接1. Basketball is so exciting that people play it for fun.A. millionB. two millionsC. million ofD. millions of2. How many friends will come to your birthday?About.A. fifteen; fifteenB. fifteenth; fifteen

22、thC. fifteen; fifteenthD. fifteenth; fifteen3. Helen loves reading. She has read books this month.A. five B. fifthC. five of D. fifth of參考答案I .根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成單詞。L twelfth 2. twentieth 3. party 4. March 5. ninthII .用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. twelfth 2. second 3. the twenty-fkst 4. fbrty-flve 5. eiglith in.用英語寫出適當(dāng)?shù)臄?shù)詞或數(shù)詞詞組。1. seven2. thirty, thirty-one, February、three hundred and sixty-flve, three hundred and sixty-six3. first6. seco