講稿Unit_1_Festivals_around_the_world

1、Unit 1 Festivals around the world1.in memory of 紀(jì)念紀(jì)念eg:The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.in honor of in favor of in support of in charge of in search of in possession of in need of in place of in hope of 拓展：拓展：inn.of 短語短語紀(jì)念；為向紀(jì)念；為向表示敬意表示敬意贊同贊同支持支持 負(fù)責(zé)負(fù)責(zé) 尋找尋找擁有擁有 需要需要希望希望代替代替 用用 i

2、nn.of 短語填空短語填空(1)We are all _your plan.(2)They started off at once _the missing girl.(3)We use chopsticks _knives and forks.(4)Two minutes of silence were observed _ those who died in the war.in favor ofin search ofin place ofin memory of2.dress up 盛裝；打扮；裝飾盛裝；打扮；裝飾eg：The girls all dressed up to take

3、 part in the evening party. dress sb./oneself 給給穿衣服；打扮穿衣服；打扮be/get dressed in(衣服或表顏色的詞衣服或表顏色的詞) 穿著穿著(1)dress動作動詞動作動詞, “給給(人人)穿衣穿衣/打扮打扮”，賓語是表示，賓語是表示人人的名詞的名詞。結(jié)構(gòu)：。結(jié)構(gòu)：dress sb./oneself(2)wear是狀態(tài)動詞是狀態(tài)動詞,“穿戴、佩戴穿戴、佩戴(手表、首飾、花等手表、首飾、花等)，留留(發(fā)型、胡須發(fā)型、胡須)等等”；還可表示；還可表示“面露、面帶面露、面帶(某種表某種表情、樣子等情、樣子等)”，意義廣泛。，意義廣泛。(3)

4、put on是動作動詞是動作動詞,“穿穿(衣衣)戴戴(帽帽)”, 賓語是表示賓語是表示衣服等衣服等的名詞。的名詞。(4)have on狀態(tài)動詞短語狀態(tài)動詞短語，除了表示，除了表示“穿著，戴著穿著，戴著”之之外，還可表示樹木等外，還可表示樹木等“披著，掛著披著，掛著”，不用進(jìn)行時態(tài)。不用進(jìn)行時態(tài)。dress/ wear/ put on/ have ontrick or treat 不送禮物就搗亂不送禮物就搗亂(萬圣節(jié)前夕孩子們?nèi)f圣節(jié)前夕孩子們挨戶要禮物的用語挨戶要禮物的用語)play tricks on sb.捉弄某人捉弄某人trick sb. into doing sth. 哄騙某人做某事哄騙

5、某人做某事3trick n詭計詭計;惡作劇惡作劇;花招花招;竅門竅門 vt.哄騙哄騙,欺騙欺騙Eg:She tricked me into paying for her meal at the restaurantEg:The children loved to play tricks on their teacher.award sb. sth./award sth. to sb. 授予某人某物授予某人某物be awarded for. 因因而受獎而受獎4award vt. 頒獎，授予，判定頒獎，授予，判定n. 獎，獎品獎，獎品Eg:The court awarded damages of

6、$5 000 to the injured man.Eg:He won the award for his excellent skill.admire sb. for sth. 因某事而欽佩某人因某事而欽佩某人have admiration for sb./sth. 羨慕羨慕/欽佩某人欽佩某人/物物5admire vt. 贊美；欽佩，羨慕贊美；欽佩，羨慕eg:The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching. n. 贊美，欽佩贊美，欽佩 adj. 可欽佩的可欽佩的admirationadmirable 6look forward

7、to 期望；期待；盼望期望；期待；盼望eg:My mother said she was looking forward to meeting you. 提示：提示：look forward to 結(jié)構(gòu)中的結(jié)構(gòu)中的 to為介詞，為介詞，其后接其后接名詞名詞或或動名詞動名詞。be/become/get used to pay attention to devote.to. lead to stick to belong to object to contribute to 類似的動詞短語還有：類似的動詞短語還有：Eg:I get used to eating breakfast at 7 ocl

8、ock.Eg:I devoted all my attention to the study.Eg:I stick to my belief. 習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于 注意注意把把致力于致力于通向，導(dǎo)致通向，導(dǎo)致堅持堅持屬于屬于 反對反對為為作貢獻(xiàn)作貢獻(xiàn)(1)take place 其其“發(fā)生發(fā)生”是是按意圖或計劃進(jìn)行按意圖或計劃進(jìn)行,無偶然性，無偶然性，無被動語態(tài)無被動語態(tài)。(2)happen 普通用語普通用語,其其“發(fā)生發(fā)生”帶有意外和偶然性帶有意外和偶然性.另可另可作作“碰巧碰巧”講講,用法是用法是 happen to do sth（碰巧做某（碰巧做某事）事）,無被動語態(tài)無被動語態(tài)。7. take

9、place/happenEg: The wedding will take place in October.Eg:We happened to discover we had a friend in common.8turn up 出現(xiàn)；到場；開大，調(diào)高，出現(xiàn)；到場；開大，調(diào)高，拓展：拓展：turn down turn out turn to turn in eg:Guess who turned up at Marys wedding. eg:The book you have lost will turn up someday.關(guān)小，調(diào)低；拒絕關(guān)小，調(diào)低；拒絕結(jié)果是；證明是；生產(chǎn)，制造；

10、結(jié)果是；證明是；生產(chǎn)，制造；轉(zhuǎn)向，變成；求救于，求助于轉(zhuǎn)向，變成；求救于，求助于上交，欺騙上交，欺騙10.keep ones word 守信用；履行諾言守信用；履行諾言【注意】【注意】keep ones word相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于keep ones promise，反義短語是反義短語是break ones word/promise。注意兩短語中。注意兩短語中的的word不可數(shù)，無復(fù)數(shù)。不可數(shù)，無復(fù)數(shù)。(1)She is a girl who always keeps her word.(2)Dont break your word, otherwise no one will trust you.i

11、n a/one word 簡言之，總之簡言之，總之in other words 換句話說換句話說11apologize v道歉道歉 apology n道歉道歉 apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.make an apology to sb. for (doing ) sth. 因某事向某人道歉因某事向某人道歉1)Bill was apologizing to his friend for having kept her waiting for a long time.=Bill was making an apology to his friend for hav

12、ing kept her waiting for a long time.eg: They set about making preparations for the party .詞組拓展詞組拓展set about (doing sth) 著手做某事著手做某事set down 放下，寫下放下，寫下set out 出發(fā)，著手做出發(fā)，著手做set up 豎起，創(chuàng)設(shè)，開辦豎起，創(chuàng)設(shè)，開辦12set off 出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸eg:What time are you planning to set off tomorrow？13remind vt. 提醒；使想起提醒；使想起remi

13、nd sb. of sth./doing remind sb. to do sth. remind sb. that. (1)The pictures remind me of my school days(2)Remind me to write to Mother提醒某人提醒某人(做做)某事某事提醒某人去做提醒某人去做提醒某人提醒某人inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事通知某人某事warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事警告某人某事accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事控告某人某事suspect sb. of sth. 懷疑某人某事懷疑某人某事拓展：拓展：常

14、用于常用于 vt.sb.of sth./doing 的的動詞有動詞有 inform, warn, accuse, suspect 等等 .單項選擇單項選擇1Its surprising that you should have been fooled by such a simple _.Atrial BtrickCtreat Dtrip答案：答案：B解析：解析：trick“惡作劇，詭計惡作劇，詭計”，合題意。，合題意。2.Whats wrong with him?The picture he came across _his memory of a sad story in his chil

15、dhood.Aput off Btook offCset off Dgave off解析：解析：put off延期；延期；take off起飛，脫掉；起飛，脫掉；give off發(fā)出發(fā)出(光等光等)；set off激發(fā)，引起。答案：激發(fā)，引起。答案：C3The mayor _ the police officer a medal of honor for his heroic deed in rescuing the earthquake victims.Arewarded BawardedCpraised Dprized答案：答案：B award sb. sth. for.表示表示“因為因為

16、而而授予某人某物授予某人某物”。reward“回報回報”；praise “表表揚揚”，用于，用于 praise sb. for sth；prize 只用做只用做名詞。名詞。4We admire the old scientist _ his contribution _ the country.Afor; to Bat; toCfor; for Don; for答案：答案：A解析：考查固定搭配解析：考查固定搭配 admire sb. for sth.和和 contribution to.。5Victor apologized for _ to inform me of the change i

17、n the plan.Ahis being not able Bhim not to ableChis not being able Dhim to be not able答案：答案：C解析：非謂語動詞解析：非謂語動詞(動名詞、動詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分動名詞、動詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞詞、過去分詞)的否定形式是直接在其前加的否定形式是直接在其前加 not，所以排除所以排除A項。項。6What you said just now _ me of that American professor.Amentioned BinformedCreminded Dmemorized答案：答案：C解析：考查解

18、析：考查 remind sb. of sth./sb. “使某人使某人想起某事想起某事/人人”。7He promised to come, but he hasnt _ yet.Aturned up Bturned overCturned out Dturned back答案：答案：A解析：考查解析：考查 turn短語搭配。由句意選短語搭配。由句意選 turn up“出現(xiàn)，出現(xiàn)，露面露面”;turn over 移交給；把移交給；把翻過來翻過來;turn back往回走；阻擋；翻回到 。modal verbmodal verb情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞表示說話人的某種情態(tài)動詞表示說話人的某種感情或

19、語氣，對某一動作感情或語氣，對某一動作或狀態(tài)的某種態(tài)度?；驙顟B(tài)的某種態(tài)度。表示表示“需要、可以、需要、可以、必須、應(yīng)當(dāng)必須、應(yīng)當(dāng)”等。等。 什么是情態(tài)動詞？什么是情態(tài)動詞？can/could, may/might, must/ have to, shall/should (ought to),will/would need, dare/daredmust “必須；應(yīng)該；一定；準(zhǔn)是必須；應(yīng)該；一定；準(zhǔn)是”，表示說話人認(rèn)為，表示說話人認(rèn)為有必要做某事，命令、要求別人做某事以及對事物的推有必要做某事，命令、要求別人做某事以及對事物的推測。測。must 用來指一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時用來指一般現(xiàn)在時和一

20、般將來時,過去時可用過去時可用 have to 的過去式代替。的過去式代替。Eg:I must finish my work today. Eg:After such a long walk, you must be tired. must 和和 have to 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別: must 表示說話人的表示說話人的主觀主觀思想思想, have to “不得不不得不,必必須須”，表示，表示客觀客觀需要、需要、客觀條件客觀條件只能如此。只能如此。 eg:You must do it now. (說話人認(rèn)為必須現(xiàn)在干說話人認(rèn)為必須現(xiàn)在干) eg:I have to go now. (客觀條件必須現(xiàn)在走

21、客觀條件必須現(xiàn)在走)must1.用于用于一般問句一般問句中中,肯定肯定回答用回答用must; 否定否定回答用回答用 neednt或或dont have to 做做 “不必不必”, mustnt表示表示“禁止，不允許禁止，不允許” e.g. Must I finish all the work at a time? Yes, you must. No, you neednt. eg:You mustnt get off while the car is still moving. 2. 表表“偏要偏要”“”“偏偏偏偏”，違背說話人意愿。，違背說話人意愿。 eg:Must you talk in

22、class? eg:-How much do you earn? -Ill tell you if you must know it. 3. 一定，肯定一定，肯定 He must have stayed up last night.1.He must be my English teacher,2.You must go shopping next week,3. He must have finished his homework,4. It must have rained yesterday,isnt he?wont you?hasnt he?didnt it?4. 表推測的反應(yīng)，反義疑

23、問句中不能出現(xiàn)表推測的反應(yīng)，反義疑問句中不能出現(xiàn)must的的形式，反義形式取決于形式，反義形式取決于句中具體的時態(tài)句中具體的時態(tài)6.must +have done 表示對表示對過去發(fā)生的事情過去發(fā)生的事情作出的作出的肯定判斷肯定判斷Eg:They are playing basketball, they must have finished their homework.Eg:The road is wet. It must have rained last night.5.must +do/be doing表示對表示對現(xiàn)在的動作現(xiàn)在的動作進(jìn)行肯定推進(jìn)行肯定推測測 Eg:He must be

24、reading novels now.Eg:They have bought a new car. They must have a lot of money. 1. can的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. 表能力表能力 eg. The girl can dance very well. be able to 通過努力做成某事通過努力做成某事 eg:He was able to reach Mount Qomolangma in 2000. B. 表示說話者的推測表示說話者的推測事物的可能性事物的可能性:(否、疑）否、疑） eg. Can the news be true? C. 在口語中在

25、口語中, can可以表示請求或允許可以表示請求或允許： eg. Can I sit here? can/could 2. could的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. could 是是can的過去式的過去式, 表示與過去有關(guān)的能力和表示與過去有關(guān)的能力和推測推測: We all knew that the young man couldnt be a doctor. B. could可以代替可以代替can表示請求表示請求, 但語氣較但語氣較can客氣、客氣、委婉委婉:could 提問，答語用提問，答語用can -Could I borrow your pen?-yes, you can.3.

26、can/could have done “本可以，本來可能已經(jīng)本可以，本來可能已經(jīng)”用于用于肯定句肯定句中，表示對中，表示對過去發(fā)生的事情過去發(fā)生的事情做出的判做出的判斷，斷， eg：You could have had a better mark.may/might1.may 表示推測時，只能表示推測時，只能用于陳述句用于陳述句，表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)?，表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪l(fā)生的動作把握不大要發(fā)生的動作把握不大。They may come here tomorrow.2.might 可用于可用于指過去的行為或者表示可能性更小指過去的行為或者表示可能性更小。He might be doing his

27、homework now.I asked him if I might leave.3.might/may have done,表示對表示對過去發(fā)生的動作過去發(fā)生的動作進(jìn)行可能進(jìn)行可能性推測性推測 He might have read about the news in the newspaper.He may have gone to the clinic.will (would) 表表“決心、愿望決心、愿望”。 would 為為 will 的過的過去式去式, 可用于各人稱?？捎糜诟魅朔Q。 Ill do my best to catch up with them. will, would用于

28、疑問句表示說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱蠡蛟冇糜谝蓡柧浔硎菊f話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱蠡蛟儐枂?用用 would 比比 will 更婉轉(zhuǎn)更婉轉(zhuǎn),客氣?？蜌狻?Its hot. Will you open the windows? will表示習(xí)慣性或規(guī)律性，表示習(xí)慣性或規(guī)律性，“總是，習(xí)慣總是，習(xí)慣”，would表示過表示過去習(xí)慣性動作或傾向去習(xí)慣性動作或傾向Man will die。shall和和should shall 會；將；必須會；將；必須 1. shall 表征求意見表征求意見，用于一，三人稱，用于一，三人稱 疑問句中疑問句中 Shall we go by train, Mom? Shall he a

29、ttend the meeting?2.用于二用于二 ， 三人稱三人稱 的陳述句中，表的陳述句中，表威脅威脅,警告警告,命令命令,允諾允諾等語氣等語氣 You shall get a present when I came back. You shall be punished if you break the rules. 應(yīng)該應(yīng)該=ought to You should study hard.2. 表萬一，多位于句首。表萬一，多位于句首。 Should he come, I would let you know.3. “居然居然”，“竟然竟然”,表表說話人意料之外說話人意料之外。 To m

30、y surprise, he should be a thief.should have done sth 本應(yīng)該做某事，而實際上沒有做本應(yīng)該做某事，而實際上沒有做shouldnt have done sth 本不應(yīng)該做某事，但實際上做了本不應(yīng)該做某事，但實際上做了Eg:You shoudnt have lied to me.should的用法的用法 ought “應(yīng)當(dāng)；應(yīng)該應(yīng)當(dāng)；應(yīng)該”，后面跟帶有，后面跟帶有 to 的動詞不定式。的動詞不定式。 eg:You ought to bring the child here. ought + to have done 指表示一件事情該做而未做。指表

31、示一件事情該做而未做。 eg: You ought to have been here yesterday. ought not to have done 表示一件不該做的事情卻做了。表示一件不該做的事情卻做了。 eg:You ought not to have taken the book out of the reading-room. need “需要需要”，多用在，多用在否定式或疑問句否定式或疑問句中中. Need I attend the meeting tomorrow? You need not hand in the paper this week. need是一個情態(tài)動詞，他

32、的用法完全和其他情態(tài)是一個情態(tài)動詞，他的用法完全和其他情態(tài)動詞一樣，動詞一樣，但但 need 還可當(dāng)作實義動詞使用，這還可當(dāng)作實義動詞使用，這時時 need 就象其他動詞一樣，有第三人稱，單復(fù)就象其他動詞一樣，有第三人稱，單復(fù)數(shù)，數(shù)， 后面加帶后面加帶 to 的動詞等特性。的動詞等特性。 I need a bike to go to school. Do you need a dictionary? 注意：注意：“neednt + have + 過去分詞過去分詞” 表示過表示過去做了沒必要做的事情。去做了沒必要做的事情。 You neednt have taken it seriously.

33、注意對注意對need問句的回答問句的回答: -Need I finish the work today? -Yes, _. No, _. No, _.you mustyou needntyou dont have toneednt 對其它情態(tài)動詞的回答對其它情態(tài)動詞的回答: -Shall I tell John about it? -No, you _. -Must we do it now? -No, you _. neednt (dont have to) neednt(dont have to)其他用法：其他用法：2.cant help (doing) sth.忍不住做某事忍不住做某事。

34、1.cannot but do sth.表示表示“不得不不得不/只好做某事只好做某事”。eg:I could not but admit that he was right and I was wrongeg:I cant help thinking about the past.3.“may as well + 動詞原形動詞原形”意為意為“最好，倒不如最好，倒不如”4.cannot(can + never等否定詞等否定詞)與與enough,too連用表示連用表示“再再.也不為過也不為過” eg:You cannot be careful enough.eg:You may as well do it at once.1. I thought you _like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may