2018仁愛英語8年級上冊U3Topic3學科講義有答案

1、【基礎知識鞏固】1、ThetelephoneringswhileJaneispracticingtheviolin.簡在練習小提琴的時候，電話鈴響了。While在此意為當的時候，與同時”，引導時間狀語從句。從句中要用延續(xù)性動詞。辨析：我出門不在時，有人破門而入。誤：SomebodybrokeinwhileIwentout.正：SomebodybrokeinwhileIwasout.比較：when和while的用法聯(lián)系：when和while在句中充當連詞，引導時間狀語從句時，都譯為當的時候”，兩者都表示主句動作與從句動作同時發(fā)生。區(qū)別：when是atorduringthetimethat,既可以

2、表示一個時間點（when引導的從句中謂語動詞用非延續(xù)性動詞），也可以表示一段時間（when引導的從句中謂語動詞用延續(xù)性動詞）。表示時間點時，從句用一般過去時或一般現(xiàn)在時；表示時間段時，從句用進行時態(tài)。主從句所述動作、事情可同時發(fā)生，也可有先后。我們到達那里時正在下雪。Whenwethere,itwassnowing.（同時）got他做完工作就回家了。Hewenthomehehiswork.（表示動作的先后）whenfinishedwhile是duringthetimethat,只指一段時間，即while引導的從句中謂語動詞必須用延續(xù)性動詞，也就是從句用進行時態(tài)。主從句中兩個延續(xù)性動作同時發(fā)生。

3、爸爸看電視的時候媽媽在做飯。MotherwascookingwhilefatherwaswatchingTV.因此when引導的時間狀語從句中的動詞可以是終止性動詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動詞，而while從句中的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。e.g.While/WhenIwashavingsupper,someoneknockedatthedoor.（washavingsupper為個時間段，have為延續(xù)性動詞）Whenyouleavetheroom,pleaseturnoffthelights.（leave為非延續(xù)性動詞，因此從旬不能用while引導）2、Whatwereyoudoingatthisti

4、meyesterday?天這個時候你在干什么？-Whatareyoudoing?-Wearehavingclasses.-Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?-Wewerehavingclasses.過去進行時（一）定義過去進行時：表示過去某一具體時刻或過去某一段時間內正在發(fā)生或進行的動作。常與then,atthistimeyesterday,atthattime,anineo'clockyesterday,atthatmoment,thatweek（UP周）,thosedays（那些天）,fromseventoninelastnight,allda

5、yyesterday等時間狀語連用，或者用另一動作來表示過去的時間。可以從兩個方面來理解：1過去某一具體時刻正在發(fā)生或進行的動作。egTheywereplayingfootballatteno'clocyesterdaymorningMymotherwascookingwhenIgothome.Iwaswashingmyclothesatthistimeyesterday2過去某一段時間內持續(xù)進行的動作作e.g.Theywereplayingbasketballfromseventonineyesterdaymorning.Itwasrainingalldayyesterday昨天下了

6、整天雨。注意：yesterday與lastnight既可用于一般過去時也可用于過去進行時，要根據上下文情境進行判斷。如：Hewasreadingbookslastnigh酢晚他（一百）在讀書。Hereadbookslastnight昨晚他看書了。（二）構成過去進行時由be動詞的過去式was/were加動詞現(xiàn)在分詞構成，即“was/were+doing(現(xiàn)在分詞)基本句型結構1)肯定形式：主語+was/were+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞v.ing.+2)否定形式：主語+was/were+not+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞v.ing.+3)疑問形式：Was/Were+主語+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞v.ing.+肯定回答：Yes,主語

7、(人稱代詞)+Was/Were.否定回答：No,主語(人稱代詞)+Wasn't/Weren't.e.g.Wereyouplayingcomputergames?WereyoureadingnewspaperswhenIcalledyoulastnight?練習：1.Weretheydoing(do)theirhomeworkthen?Yes,theywere./No,theyveren'.t2.A:Whatwereyoudoingfromseventonineyesterday?B:IwaslearningEnglish(learn).Wereyouplaying(pl

8、ay)computergames?A:Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn'.t翻譯：Weren'tyouplayingcomputergames?Theywereplayingbasketballatfouro'clockyesterdayafternoon.點他們在打籃球。Wewereworkingfromseventoelevenlastnight.我們昨晚從七點工作到九點。填空：1.they(feed)theanimalsat800yesterdayafternoon?2. Mrs.Green(notwash)clothesatthistimeyesterday

9、3. Grandpa(mend)hisclockwhenIreachedhome答案：1werefeeding2wasn'twashing3wasmending(三)現(xiàn)在分詞的構成規(guī)則：規(guī)律總結例詞以不發(fā)音的字母e結尾的動詞，先去掉e再加-ing.make-makinghavefhaving以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾，且末尾只有一個車有音字母的，要雙寫這個輔音字母，冉加-ing.swimfswimmingrunfrunning以-ie結尾的動詞，變ie為y,再加-inglieTyingtieftyingdiefdying大多數動詞直接在詞尾加-ing.playfplayingsingfsingi

10、ng注意：1、如果以e結尾的單詞發(fā)音，則不能去掉e,直接在詞尾加-ing,如：see-seeing;agree-agreeing2、初中階段常見的需要雙寫最后一個輔音字母變現(xiàn)在分詞的動詞有：shop,stop,drop,run,get,sit,dig,put,begin,swim,chat,prefer,hit,let,babysit練習：carrycatchdrinkenjoyhurrycarryingcatchingdrinkingenjoyinghurryingcomechatstopridewritecomingchattingstoppingridingwritinghitletpu

11、tshopbeginhittinglettingputtingshoppingbeginning（四）用法1、表示過去某一段時間內持續(xù)進行的動作或者事情。常用的時間狀語thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevenin萌。e.g.WewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight昨天晚上七點至U九點的時候我們在看電視。WhatwasheresearchingalldaylastSunday?周日他一整天都在研究什么？Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisb

12、icycleandhurthimself.我哥哥騎自行車的時候從車上摔下來，受傷了。Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation他們離開車站的時候天正在下雨。2、表示在過去某個時間點正在發(fā)生的事情。時間點可以用介詞短語或從句來表示。e.g.Whatwasshedoingatnineo'clockyesterday?天晚上九點她在做什么（介詞短語表示時間點）WhenIsawhimhewasdecoratinghisroomS我看見他的時候他正在裝飾房問。（when引導的從句表示時間點）3、在復合句中，如果主要動作和背景動作是延續(xù)的或同時發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動詞都可

13、用過去進行時，連詞常用whileoe.g.Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hewasreadinganewspaper.他邊等車邊看報。（兩個動作都是延續(xù)的）HewascleaninghiscarwhileIwascooking.他擦車時我在做飯。（兩個動作同時進行）4、在英語中，當兩個動作在過去某時間同時發(fā)生時，通常動作持續(xù)時間較長的動詞用過去進行時，表示另一動作發(fā)生的背景；而另一動詞則用一般過去時，表示動作發(fā)生的事實。e.g.Theteachercameinwhenweweretalkingaloud.WhenIwaswatchingTVthismorning,the

14、telephonerang.練習：【溫馨提示】（1）表示兩個延續(xù)性動作在過去某一時刻同時進行，不考慮動作的先后順序,主句和從句的謂語動詞都用過去進行時，連詞常用while。仔J如：Thestudentswerereadingwhiletheteacherwasgradingtheirhomework.學生們在看書，而老師在批改他們的家庭作業(yè)。（2）在含有時間狀語從句的復合句中，延續(xù)時間較長的動作用過去進行時，另一個短暫性動作用一般過去時。例如：MypendroppedonthegroundwhenIwaswalkinginthepark.在公園散步的時候，我的鋼筆掉到地上了。5、過去進行時和a

15、lways,constantly（不斷地）,continually（頻繁地）,forever,allthetime,repeatedly等表示動作屢次發(fā)生的副詞連用時，蘊含較強的感情色彩，此時的進行時態(tài)已不強調動作正在進行。翻譯：Shewasalwaysthinkingofothersft老是想到別人。（表示贊揚）Heisforevergoingonline.一篇杲愛卜網°（表示不滿）6、通常不能用于過去進行時的動詞主要有：agree,be,believe,belong,care,forget,hate,have(ffl有)，hear,know,like,love,mean,mind

16、,notice,own,remember,seem,suppose,understand,want,wish感官動詞：hear,see,notice,feel,taste表示態(tài)度感情的動詞：like,love,hate表心理狀態(tài)：feel,want,prefer表占有：own,have,表存在狀態(tài)和持續(xù)：look,owe,bee.g.誤：Iwasknowingtheanswer.正：Iknewtheanswer.我知道答案。判斷正誤：誤：Iwasn'tunderstandinghim.正：Ididn'tunderstandhim.我不明白他的意思。(五)做題時常見錯誤如下：1、

17、易把be+現(xiàn)在分詞記成be+過去分詞例：Hewastalked(talk)tohismumatthattime.答案：wastalking解析：過去進行時與現(xiàn)在進行時結構上的區(qū)別體現(xiàn)在be動詞上。2、丟掉be動詞或忘記把動詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞例：(1)Iwatching(watch)TVwhenhecamein.(2)Theywereplay(play)gamesat500p.m.yesterday.答案：(1)waswatching(2)wereplaying解析：現(xiàn)在進行時中“be現(xiàn)在分詞，缺一不可”的規(guī)律也可應用于過去進行時。3、對動詞或動詞詞組提問時丟掉doing例：Wewereflying

18、kitesat5:00p.m.yesterday.(對劃線部分提問)Whatwereyouat5:00p.m.yesterday?答案：Whatwereyoudoingat5:00p.m.yesterday?解析：現(xiàn)在進行時中“Whatdoing”向式同樣適用于過去進行時。4、易與現(xiàn)在進行時弄混例：Mymotheriscooking(cook)whenIgothome.答案：wascooking解析：這兩種時態(tài)的共同點是都表示動作正在進行，但現(xiàn)在進行時前提是現(xiàn)在，而過去進行時前提是過去，由whenIgothome可看出前提是過去。5、易與一般過去時弄混例：昨晚我在讀一本故事書。Iread（re

19、ad）astorybookyesterdayevening答案：wasreading解析：這兩種時態(tài)的共同點是都用于表示過去發(fā)生的動作。但過去進行時強調動作正在進行，而一般過去時則表示過去某一時間所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，它表示的動作往往已經完成。在”說明正在進行，而“Ireadastorybookyesterdayevening”的意思是昨晚我讀了一本故事書，言下之意已經讀完了。故用過去進行時。另外，在賓語從句中當主句為過去時，從句若是現(xiàn)在進行時，需變成過去進行時。e.g.Hesaidthathewasdrawingacatatnoonyesterday過去進行時與一般過去時的區(qū)別：1、過去

20、進行時表示過去某時間正在進行或持續(xù)的動作，強調過程，不一定完成;一般過去時往往表示過去某一動作已經完成。e.g.ThechildrenwerewatchingTVyesterdayevening乍天整晚孩子們者B在看電視。（可能沒看完）ThechildrenwatchedTVyesterdayevening昨天晚上孩子們看電視了。（看完了）Iwastypingaletterlastnight.昨晚我在打一封信？（可能沒打完）Itypedsomeletterslastnight.我昨晚打了一些信？（已經打完）2、一般過去時表示只做一次動作，而過去進行時卻表示動作反復地進行。e.g.Themanj

21、umpedintothepoor®個人跳入了水池。ThemanwasjumpingintothepoorIB個人一直用k個不停。3、當敘述過去發(fā)生的事，尤其是過程中發(fā)生的一系列動作時，就必須用一般過去時。e.g.Iwokeupatsix.ThenIgotup,andwashup.AtsevenIcamedownstairsforbreakfast.我6點醒來，然后起床洗漱，7點下樓吃早飯。練習：1、Maryadresswhenshecutherfinger.A.madeB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.makes答案C.割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應用過去時。同時，when表

22、時間的同時性，瑪麗在做衣服時”提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進行時。2、Asshethenewspaper,Grannyasleep.A.read;wasfallingB.wasreading;fellC.wasreading;wasfallingD.read;fell答案B.句中的as=when,while,意為"當之時"。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時，用過去進行；一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。句意為"在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。"句中的fell（fall的過去時），是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fallsick。3、What_she_atnineo&#

23、39;clockyesterday?Adid;doB.was;doingC.is;doingD.were;doingB4、WhenI_him,he_hisroom.A.wasseeing;decoratedB.saw;wasdecoratingC.saw;decorateD.saw;decoratingB【典型例題講解】()1.Iamuseumwithmyfriendsatthistimeyesterday.A.amvisitingB.wasvisitingC.visitedD.willvisit()2.Heissmalltoschool.A.too;togoB.can't;goC.t

24、oo;goD.so;togo()3.ManypeoplereadnewspapersonthetraintothetimeinBritain.A.saveB.wasteC.passD.take()4.ItwasraininghardIgotupthismorning.A.ifB.whenC.afterD.until()5.Look!Thegirlisplayingwithasnake.Howsheis!A.braveB.happyC.strongD.excited()6.Theoldmandiedacoldsnowynight.A.inB.on()7.Youlookverysad.WhatIt

25、sOK.eTrheisA. somethingseriousC.nothingserious()8.“NowItoldyouasecret,A.withB.atC.atD.overswrong?B. serioussomethingD.seriousnothing”hesaidtomealowvoiceC.inD.use()9.Whichteamthematch,TeamOneorTeamTwo?TeamOneTeamTwo.A.won;wonB.beat;beatC.beat;wonD.won;beat()10.Ifeeltired,butIdontwanttostop.A.workB.to

26、workC.worksD.working【隨堂練習鞏固】.情景交際。(5分)在下列橫線上填入適當的句子，補全對話。(Anewweekreturns.LisaandMariameetatschool).Hi,Maria.Gladtoseeyou!Hi,Lisa!Gladtoseeyou,too.Itwasweekendyesterday.11.Ididmyhomeworkandthenhelpedmymotherdosomehousework.12.From8:00a.m.to9:00a.m.?Oh,Iwasplayingthepiano. Wow,youworksohard!13. Yes.T

27、obeamusicianlikeLanglangismydreamallthetime. Wishyousuccess!14. Imgoingtotheschoollibrary.15.sgo.Yes,I'dloveto.Letm.完形填空。(10分)Lastweek,Ihadawonderfulsummercampwithmyclassmates.We16atthebusstationearlyinthemorning.Aftersaying17toourparents,wegotonthebus.We18twohoursarrivingatthecampground.Whenweg

28、otthere,everyonegotoffthebus19,laughingandshouting.Wejumpedandranaroundthecampground.Itwasthe20timeforustobeawayfromparents.Sosomeofusbegantofeelhomesick(想家的).21,whenthenightpartyanddancesbegan,thehomesicknessdisappeared.Thenextday,wehada22ofclimbingamountain.Atfirst,weclimbedquickly.Butonthehalfway

29、,wewereso23thatwewouldliketogiveup.Ourteacher24cheeringuson.Webelievedthatwecoulddobetterthanothers.Finally,wedidwellandmyteamwonthematch.“25isdifficultintheworldifyoukeeptrying“saidourteacher.IalsolearntalotfromthecampI()16.A.leftB.sawC.metD.got()17.A.goodbyeB.sorryC.yesD.hello()18.A.tookB.spentC.p

30、aidD.cost()19.A.cheerfullyB.bravelyC.sadlyD.warmly()20.A.oneB.firstC.lastD.finally()21.A.AndB.OrC.HoweverD.So()22.A.interestB.ideaC.chanceD.match()23.A.tiredB.excitedC.happyD.active()24.A.stoppedB.keptC.enjoyedD.preferred()25.A.SomethingB.EverythingC.NothingD.Anything【課后強化練習】IV.閱讀理解。（30分）(A)MikeandD

31、ickworkinthesameoffice.Theydon'tlikethecolAweatheronedaytheydecidedtotaketheirholidayinAustralia.TheirplanearrivedinSydneyatnineinthemorning.Theyhadagoodrestinahotel.Thenextmorningtheyrented（租）acarinthecityandbegantheirtravel.Afewhourslater,thesunwasshiningintheskyandtherewerenoshadetree遨陰樹）besi

32、detheroad.Itwassohotthattheycouldhardlygoondriving.Theyhadtostoptolookaround.Mikefoundariverabouthalfakilometerawayfromthem.Theywerebothveryhappyanddrovethecarquickly.Soontheygottotheriver.Beforetheyjumpedintothewater,Dicksawaboyplayingunderabigtree.Heasked,“ArethereanyshthnksriVer,boy?”“No,thereare

33、nt,”answeredtheboy.Sotheybegantoswimintheriver.Afte,rDaicwkhilefeltsomethinghitagainsthisleg.HetoldMikeaboutit.Theywereafraidandstoppedswimming.Dickaskedloudly,“Isittruethattherearentanysharksintheriver?sir,"saidtheboy,“There'realotofCroCodinethewater.Allthesharkshaveswumaway!”根據短文內容，回答問題。2

34、6. .WhendidtheyarriveinSydney?27. Whatwastheweatherlikethenextday?28.Whatdidtheydointheriver?29. AsharkhitDiCksleg,didntit?30. Whywerentthereanysharksintheriver?第11頁B)WhenAbrahamLincolnwasjustaboy,hehadtohelphisfathertolookaftertheirfarm.Itwashardworkandtherewasnhingintetraensytitngforhim.Abrahamwan

35、tedtogotoschool,buttherewasnoschoolthere.Hewassadmostofthetime.Mrs.Lincolnlovedtheboyverymuch.ShetriedherbesttomakeAbrahamhappy.Onemorningshegotupearlyandwenttothetown.Itwasalongway,soittookheralongtimetogetthere.Sheboughtsomethingthereandwentback.Itwaslateintheeveningwhenshegothome.ThenextmorningMr

36、s.LincolnsaidtoAbraham,“Todaiysyourbirthday,soweregoingtohaveaparty.Smheefopoudtsoonthetable,andthenbroughtoutapresent.“Abook!”Abrahamcried.Itwasanoldbook,buthelikedit.Asmilecameonhisface.HelookedupatMrs.Lincolnandsaid,“Thankyou,Mom.”根據短文內容，選擇正確答案。()31.AbrahamLincolnsfatherwa_s_a.A.farmerB.soldierC.

37、workerD.teacher()32.AbrahamLincolncouldntgotoschoolbecause.A.hisfamilyhadnomoneyB.hismotherwantedtoteachhimherselfC.hedidntlikeschoolD.therewasnoschoolnearhishome()33.OnthefarmmostofthetimelittleLincolnwas.A.happyB.unhappyC.worriedD.angry()34.IttookMrs.Lincolntomakeatriptothetown.A.awholedayB.aquart

38、erofadayC.threehoursD.twodays()35.WhatwasthepresentforAbrahamsbirthday?A.Amooncake.B.Anewbook.C.Anoldbook.D.Aschoolbag.(C)BeijingOperaisournationalplay.Youcanlearnthemusic,danceandartwhenyouenjoyBeijingOpera.Ithasalonghistoryandisveryfamousaroundtheworld.InordertomakeBeijingOperawiderandmakethemiddl

39、eschoolstudentsloveanddevelop(發(fā)展)ourChineseculture,ourcountrymakesaproject.ThatistotakeBeijingOperaintostudentsmusicclasses.NowmanystudentscanenjoyBeijingOperainclass.However,onlyafewpeoplethinkit'importantandusefulformiddleschoolstudentsMostpeoplethinkthatstudentsareverybusywiththeirlessonsandi

40、t'wasteoftimetolearnBeijingOpera.MostpeopleareafraidthatsomemusicteachersknowlittleaboutBeijingOperaanditshistory.Mostparentsalwaysask“Isitusforchildren'sfuturetolearnBeijingOpera?”WeneedalongwaytogotomakeBeijingOperacomeintoclasses.根據短文內容，完成任務。任務一：判斷正誤。()36.Manypeopleagreewiththecountry'

41、;sproject.()37.MostpeoplethinkstudentsaretoobusytolearnBeijingOpera.任務二：將畫線句子譯成中文。38.任務三：選擇正確答案。()39.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A. LearningBeijingOperacanmakestudentslearnaboutChineseculture.B. SomepeoplethinkBeijingOperacanhelpstudentslittle.C. BeijingOperahasalonghistoryinChina.D. BothA,B

42、andC.任務四：回答問題。40.Doyouthinkit'shelpfulformiddleschoolssudelearnBeijingOpera?why?第三部分寫作（25分）1 .詞匯。（10分）（A）根據句意及首字母提示補全單詞。1. IfeelhandIwanttoeatsomething.2. IlikelisteningtoYangKun'ssongsbecausehisivdsbeautifuo3. Everymorningtheclockmakesmewup.4. IwanttobeaupersonforthesocietywhenIgrowup.5. Be

43、ijingroastdisfamousallovertheworld.（B）根據句意及漢語提示填空。6. Thewoman出售）outthevegetablesinashorttime.7. Itwas焦暗的）,butthefarmerswerestillworkinghardonthefarm.8. Mylittlesonlikestocollect（火柴）boxes.9. IvisitedtheNational（博物館）ofChinawithmyclassmateslastSunday.10. Iwantedtoplaycomputergamesafterfinishingmyhomewo

44、rk,butmymotherdidn'tM意）.n.句型轉換。（5分）11. Iwasmakingmodelplaneswhenmymothercameback.（對畫線部分提問）whenyourmothercameback?12. Ithinkclassicalmusicisboring.（改為否定旬）Iclassicalmusicisboring.13. Mymotherwasdoingthedishesatthattime.（同義句轉換）Mymotherwasatthattime.14. Hereadastory-booklastnight.（改為過去進行時）Heastorybo

45、okateighto'clocklastnight.15. Hewasn'toldenoughtogotoschooH儀句轉換）Hewasyounggotoschool.書面表達。（10分）以“HowdidyouspendlastSunday?Didyouhaveagoodtime?WhatwereyoudoingatdifferenttimeslastSunday?為內容，寫'一篇80詞左右的短文。提示：watchamovie,climbmountains,playbasketball,visitfriends,playcomputergames,dohousewor

46、k.,happy,excited,sad.1. B由atthistimeyesterday時間狀語可知,動作或事件是持續(xù)地發(fā)生在過去的某一個確切時間內。此類情況要用過去進行時態(tài)來表示。故選B。2. A考查固定搭配tooto太而不能”。故選A。3. C根據句意英國人習慣在火車上看報紙來打發(fā)時間"，而passthetime有“排遣、打發(fā)時間”的意思，故選C。4. B根據題意“一個動作發(fā)生時,另一個動作正在進行”可知when為正確答案。其他答案不能表示主句在進行的狀態(tài)。故選B。5. A根據句意“一個女孩在玩蛇”可知“她是一個大膽的人”，故選A。6. B特指某一天的上午、下午或晚上常用on,

47、故選Bo7. C由It'sOK反推病情不是很嚴重”，而且修飾不定代詞的形容詞必須后置,可排除A、B和D。8. C根據短語inalowvoice是“低聲說（秘密）”可知，故選C。9. D根據短語“win賽事（活動）”和“beat+賽主體”可知，故選D。10. Dstoptodosth.指的是“停下來,去做另一件事情”,stopdoingsth.是指“把正在做的事情停下來”根據句意不能選B,A、C均不能與stop搭配，故選Don.11.Whatdidyoudo?12. Whatwereyoudoingfrom8:00a.m.to9:00a.m.yesterday?13. Areyougoingtobeamusicianwhenyougrowup?14. Whereareyougoingnow?15. Wouldyouliketojoinme?m.16.c根據句意同學們早晨在車站