英國文學(xué)期末復(fù)習(xí)資料(作家作品)

1、英國文學(xué)Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages1.Beowulf貝奧武夫  His Artistic featuresUsing alliteration頭韻   Using metaphor暗喻 and understatement含蓄陳述2.Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里喬叟The founder of English poetry.     三個階段：The Romaunt of the Rose>玫瑰傳奇Tr

2、oilus and Criseyde>特羅伊拉斯和克萊希德longest complete poemThe Canterbury Tales>坎特伯雷故事集：Significance :first time to use heroic couplet(英雄雙韻體) by middle EnglishII The Renaissance PeriodA period of drama and poetry. The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance.Renaissance:

3、 the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world. Humanism is the key-note of the Renaissance.1. Edmund Spenser埃德蒙斯賓塞155215

4、99（后人稱之為“詩人的詩人”。 The poets poet.）The first to be buried in the Poets corner of Westerminster Abbey. <The Faerie Queene>仙后(for Queen Elizabeth)       The theme is not “Arms and the man”, but something more romantic “Fierce wars and faithfull loves”. <T

5、he Shepherds Calendar>牧人日歷     The theme is to lament over the loss of Rosalinism2. Thomas More托馬斯莫爾14781535 One of the greatest English humanists<Utopia>烏托邦Two books:1.on the social conditions of English          2.on an idea

6、l communist society   3. Francis Bacon弗蘭西斯培根15611626 The first English essayist.father of english eassy.1<The Advancement of Learning>學(xué)術(shù)的推進2.<New Instrument>3<Essays>隨筆58 essays4.  Marlowe柯里斯托弗馬洛<The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus>浮士德博士的

7、悲?。ǜ鶕?jù)德國民間故事書寫成）<Tamburlaine>帖木耳大帝n <The Jew of  Malta>馬耳他島的猶太人5.  William Shakespeare威廉莎士比亞l15641616共37plays Historical plays: Henry VI ; Henry IV : Richard III ; Henry V ；Richard II；Henry VIII四大喜劇:第二階段 <As You Like It>皆大歡喜;   <Twelft

8、h Night>第十二夜; <A Midsummer NightS Dream>仲夏夜之夢; <Merchant Of Venice>威尼斯商人四大悲劇: <Hamlet>哈姆萊特; <Othello>奧賽羅; <King Lear>李爾王; <Macbeth>麥克白Shakespeare Sonnet :154 <The Sonnets>III  The 17th Century1. John Milton約翰彌爾頓16081674（失明后寫 失樂園、復(fù)樂園、力士參孫。）Epics:

9、 <Paradise Lost>失樂園（亞當(dāng)Adam夏娃Eve受魔鬼撒旦Satan誘惑偷嘗禁果，被God逐出伊甸園Eden） < RegainednParadise>復(fù)樂園 Dramatic poem: < Samson Agonistes>力士參孫2. John Bunyan約翰班揚16281688（代表作天路歷程，宗教寓言，被譽為“具有永恒意義的百科全書”，是英國文學(xué)史上里程碑式著作。與但丁的神曲、奧古斯丁的懺悔錄并列為世界三大宗教題材文學(xué)杰作。）Puritan poet(清教徒派詩人)Religiona

10、ry  Allegory:<The Pilgrims Progress>天路歷程3. John Donnethe Metaphysical poet(玄學(xué)派詩人)Metaphysical Poetry(玄學(xué)詩)：（用語）the diction is simple, the imagery is from the actual, (形式)the form is frequently an argument with the poets beloved, with god, or with himself.（主題：love, religious, thought）4. Joh

11、n Dryden:革命時期的?；逝纱韗oyalistIV The 18th Century1.Enlightment 3位代表Addison,Steele,Pope2. Samuel Johnson塞繆爾約翰遜17091784       Dictionary =<A Dictionary of English Language>英語大詞典3. Jonathan Swift喬納森斯威夫特16671745 <Gullivers Travels>格列佛游記(fictional wor

12、k)   Four parts:            Lilliput  小人國            Brobdingnag  大人國            Flying Island  飛島 &

13、#160;          Houyhnhnm  馬島<A Modest Proposal>一個小小的建議n <The Battle of Books>書戰(zhàn) <A Tale of a Tub>木桶的故事n <The Drappers Letters>一個麻布商的書信4. Daniel Defoe丹尼爾笛福l16601731< CrusoenRobinson>魯賓遜漂流記5. Oliver Gol

14、dsmith奧利弗格爾德斯密斯17301774 poems: <The Deserted Village>荒村 novel: <The Vicar of Wakefield>威克菲爾德牧師傳6.感傷主義sentimentalism and pre-romanticism: Blake& Burns7.William Blake威廉布萊克17571827 <Songs of Innocence>天真之歌. <Songs of Experience>經(jīng)驗之歌  &

15、lt;The Marriage of Heaven and Hell>天堂與地獄的婚姻8.Robert Burns羅伯特彭斯17591796The greatest Scottish poet in the late 18th century.Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect主要用蘇格蘭方言寫的詩 <John Anderson, My Jo>約翰安德生，我的愛人 <A Red, Red Rose>一朵紅紅的玫瑰n < SynenAuld Long>友誼地久天長 <A Mans a Man for

16、 AThat>不管那一套n < HighlandsnMy Hearts in the>我的心在那高原上V The Romantic Period   The romantic period began in 1798 the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridges <Lyrical Ballads>, and end in 1832 with Sir Walter Scotts death. “The Lake Poets”湖畔詩人，who lived

17、in the lake district.     William Wordsworth;  Samuel Taylor Coleridge;  Robert Southey1.  William Wordsworth威廉華茲華斯17701850（與柯爾律治、騷塞同被稱為“湖畔派”詩人。 The Lake Poets） <Lyrical Ballads>抒情歌謠集(with Samuel Taylor Coleridge) <I Wondered Lonely As A Cloud>

18、0;Lines Composed A Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey The Solitary Reaper孤獨的割麥女 <The Prelude>序曲2.  Samuel Taylor Coleridge塞繆爾泰勒科爾律治17721834（The Lake Poets） <The Rime of the Ancient Mariner>古舟子頌 <Christabel>柯里斯塔貝爾 <Kubla Khan>忽必烈汗 <Frost at Night>半夜冰霜 <Dejection,

19、 an Ode>憂郁頌 <Lyrical Ballads>抒情歌謠集(with William Wordsworth)3.  George Gordon Byron喬治戈登拜倫17881824 <Don Juan>唐璜<Childe Harolds Pilgrimage>恰爾德哈羅德爾游記<Cain>該隱 <When We Two Parted>當(dāng)初我們倆分別<She Walks In Beauty> 4.  Persy Bysshe Shelley波西比希雪萊179

20、21822 Poetic Drama：<Prometheus Unbound>解放了的普羅米修斯 <Queen Mab>麥布女王<Revolt of Islam>伊斯蘭的反叛<The Cenci>欽契一家<A Defence of Poetry>詩辯<The Necessity of Atheism>無神論的必要性 Lyrics: Ode to the West Wind 西風(fēng)頌<To a Skylark>致云雀A Defense of Poetry -crit

21、ical worksSong to Men of England-greatest political lyric5. John Keats約翰濟慈17951821(“美即是真，真即是美”是他的著名詩句。) Four great odes:    <Ode on a Grecian Urn>希臘古甕頌<Ode to a Nightingale>夜鶯頌<To Autumn>秋頌<Ode On Melancholy> 憂郁頌 Five long poems:Endymion, Is

22、abella, The eve of St.Agnes, Lamia, Hyperion6.Walter Scott沃爾特斯科特17711832 (歷史小說之父”)Father of history novels <Rob Roy>  羅伯羅伊 <Ivanhoe>    艾凡赫VI  The Victorian PeriodCommon sense and moral propreity, again became the predominant preoccu

23、pation. Critical realists were all concerned about the fate of the common people and everyday events.1. Charles Dickens查爾斯狄更斯18121870（批判現(xiàn)實主義小說家）critical realist writer第一階段：1.Sketches by Boz 特寫集2<The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club>匹克威克外傳3<Oliver Twist>奧利弗特維斯特（霧都孤兒）4.Nicholas

24、Nickleby5.<The Old Curiosity Shop>老古玩店6.Barnaby Rudge第二階段：1.Amercian Notes美國札記           2.Martin Chuzzlewit3<A Christmas Carol>圣誕頌歌4.The Chimes 圣誕頌歌  5.The Cricket on the Earth 灶上蟋蟀6<Dombey and Son>董貝父子7 <David Copperf

25、ield>大衛(wèi)科波菲爾   自傳體（3、4為宗教色彩，圣誕小說）第三階段：1 <Bleak House>荒涼山莊2.<Hard Times>艱難時世3.little dorrit4<A Tale of Two Cities>雙城記(London & Paris)5 <Great Expectations>遠大前程6 <Our Mutual Friend>我們共同的朋友 7未完成：Edwin Drood2.  William Makepeace Thackeray威廉麥克匹

26、斯薩克雷18111863<Vanity Fair> or a Novel without a Hero名利場(the name is an excerpt from <The Pilgrims Progress>by John Bunyan)<The Book Of Snobs>3  Jane Austen簡奧斯丁l17751817浪漫主義時期的批判現(xiàn)實主義 <Sense and Sensibility>理智與感情<Pride and Prejudic> 傲慢與偏見(chapter I)<

27、Emma>愛瑪<Mansfield Park>曼斯菲爾德莊園<Northanger Abbey>諾桑覺寺<Persuasion>勸導(dǎo)3. Charlotte Bronte夏洛蒂勃朗特18161855 <Jane Eyre>簡愛 <Shirley>雪莉 <Professor>教師4.  Emily Bronte艾米莉勃朗特18181854 <  HeightsnWuthering>呼嘯山莊 < Old Stoic>5.Anne Bronte安妮·勃朗特&#

28、160;Agnes Grey  The Tenant of the Wildfell Hall6.  Robert  Louis Stevenson <Treasure Island>金銀島7. Oscar Wilde奧斯卡王爾德18561900  4 Comedies:<The Importance Of Being Earnest>認真的重要 <Lady Windermeres Fan>溫德米爾夫人的扇子 <A Woman Of No Im

29、portance>一個無足輕重的女人<An Ideal Husband>理想的丈夫 Novel:<The Picture Of Dorian Gray>多利安格雷的畫像 Fairy Stories:<The Happy Prince And Other Tales>快樂王子故事集8.Thomas Hardyl托馬斯哈代18401928（小說多以農(nóng)村生活為背景；自然主義小說家。Wessex novels; novels of character and environment）  Novels < 

30、Tess Of The DUrbervilles>德伯家的苔絲  人物：Angel Clare,Alec < Jude The Obscure>無名的裘德   人物：Fawley, Arabella Donnm,(all body)   Sue Bridehead(all mind) < Under The Greenwood Tree>綠蔭下 < The Madding CrowdnFar From>遠離塵囂 < The Mayor O

31、f Casterbridge>卡斯特橋市長 < The Return of the Native>還鄉(xiāng)  PoemsWessex Poems And Other VersesPoems Of The Past And PresentThe Dynasts  列國9. George Bernard Shaw喬治伯納蕭18561950 (英國杰出的批判現(xiàn)實主義劇作家）critical realistic dramatist Plays Plays Unpleasant<Mrs WarrenS P

32、rofession>華倫夫人的職業(yè)<Widowers  Houses>鰥夫的房產(chǎn) Plays Pleasant<Arms And Man>武器與人<The Man Of Destiny>左右命運的人Plays<Man And Superman>人與超人<Pygmalion>匹格瑪利翁<The Apple Cart>蘋果車< JoannSaint>圣女貞德 10. David Herbert Lawrence勞倫斯  男女關(guān)系 <Sons And Lovers>兒子與情人(autobiographical)<The Rainbow>虹n<Women In Love>戀愛中的女人 <Lady Chatterleys Lover>查特萊夫人的情人11. Joycel James詹姆斯喬伊斯18821941（愛爾蘭小說家，意識流小說的代表人物）stream-of-consciousness<Ulysses>尤利西斯(S_O_C)<A Portrait Of The Artist As A