可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)_HF02

1、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞1.可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞an elephanta lampa housea dress能獨立存在的個體人、事物和以集體形式出現(xiàn)能獨立存在的個體人、事物和以集體形式出現(xiàn)的人、事物。的人、事物。個體名詞個體名詞集體名詞集體名詞class family fruits2.可數(shù)名詞的用法可數(shù)名詞的用法當(dāng)人或事物只有一個的時候，成為單數(shù)。習(xí)慣上，當(dāng)人或事物只有一個的時候，成為單數(shù)。習(xí)慣上，我們用我們用a ,an 或或 one 來表示這種單個的數(shù)量。來表示這種單個的數(shù)量。a peach a strawberrya watermelon a cherryan ice-cre

2、am an eggan applean orange4.可數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法可數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法1)一般在名詞的后面加上一般在名詞的后面加上-s,在清輔音后發(fā)在清輔音后發(fā)-s,在濁在濁輔音和元音后發(fā)輔音和元音后發(fā)-z.如：如：a biscuit five biscuits -s a watermelon three watermelons-za peareleven pears-z2) 以以-ch,-sh,-s,-x結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞后加結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞后加-es,讀作讀作-iz.如：如：a busthree buses -iz a peachtwo peaches -iz3) 以輔音字母加以輔音字

3、母加y結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞，把結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞，把y改成改成i, 再再加加-es, 讀作讀作-iz.如：如：a citytwo cities-iz4)以以-o 結(jié)尾的，有的加結(jié)尾的，有的加-s,有的加有的加-es,讀作讀作-z.如：如：a tomatotwo tomatoes -z a radiotwo radios -z5)以以-f或或-fe結(jié)尾的，有的直接加結(jié)尾的，有的直接加-s,有的改有的改-f或或-fe為為-v,再加再加-es,讀作讀作-vz.如如：a leaftwo leaves -vza knife four knives -vz6)少數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則變化少數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則

4、變化a mantwo mena childtwo childrena sheeptwo sheepfour people 3.不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞1) 物質(zhì)類不可數(shù)名詞：物質(zhì)類不可數(shù)名詞：A.液體類不可數(shù)名詞：液體類不可數(shù)名詞：tea, ink, juice, coffeeB.食品類不可數(shù)名詞：食品類不可數(shù)名詞：fish, chicken, chocolate, honey 2) 抽象名詞：抽象名詞：work, wealth, homeworka glass of orange juicea cup of teaa glass of milka bowl of soupsome fishsom

5、e beef some breada bowl of rice1.不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式rice(不能說不能說rices) bread(不能說不能說breads) 2.不可數(shù)名詞前面一般不直接加不可數(shù)名詞前面一般不直接加a或或an，但可用不同的量詞來搭配但可用不同的量詞來搭配a box of milk(不能說不能說a milk)a bottle of water(不能說不能說a water)3.some,any可以與不可數(shù)名詞連用可以與不可數(shù)名詞連用 some teasome bread 4.不可數(shù)名詞只作單數(shù)看待不可數(shù)名詞只作單數(shù)看待1)Some soup is in

6、the bowl.2)A: Whats on the plate? B: Theres some chicken.這些不可數(shù)名詞你都記住了嗎？這些不可數(shù)名詞你都記住了嗎？rice 米飯米飯 bread 面包面包 meat 肉肉chicken 雞肉雞肉 porridge 粥粥 coffee 咖啡咖啡 tea 茶茶duck 鴨肉鴨肉 beef 牛肉牛肉 pork 豬肉豬肉 water 水水 milk 牛奶牛奶fish 魚肉魚肉 4.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與主謂一致名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與主謂一致普通名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和普通名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞，而可數(shù)名詞和又有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。名詞和又有單復(fù)數(shù)之

7、分。名詞的數(shù)與主語有什么關(guān)系呢？的數(shù)與主語有什么關(guān)系呢？A: Whats this?B: Its an egg.A: What are those in the basket?B: They are grapes.A: Guess whats in the glass?B: There is some coke. Oh,我明白了，我明白了，謂語是隨名詞數(shù)謂語是隨名詞數(shù)的變化而變化，的變化而變化，名詞的數(shù)與謂語名詞的數(shù)與謂語保持一致，即主保持一致，即主謂一致。謂一致。1)當(dāng)名詞是單數(shù)時，謂語用單數(shù)形式。當(dāng)名詞是單數(shù)時，謂語用單數(shù)形式。There is a cake on the plate.2)

8、當(dāng)名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。當(dāng)名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。There are two biscuits on the plate.3)不可數(shù)名詞當(dāng)作單數(shù)對待。不可數(shù)名詞當(dāng)作單數(shù)對待。There is some beef on the plate. ( )1.Are those _?-No, they arent. Theyre _.A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cowC. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows( )2.Mum, Im quite thirsty. Please give me _.A. two orange B. two bo

9、ttles of orangeC. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges( )3.I have got _ news from my friend. Do you want to know?A. a very good B. anyC. a piece of D. two pieces( )4._ room is on the 5th floor.A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and LilysC. Lucys and Lily D. Lucys and Lilys( )5.Every morning Mr. Smith

10、takes a _ to his office.A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minutes walkC. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk ( )6.This is James Allan Green. We can call him _.A. Mr. Green B. Mr. AllanC. Mr. James D. James Green( )7.Jack and Tom are _.A. good friends B. good friendC. a good friend D. good a friend( )8.Its only

11、 about ten _ walk to the nearest post office.A. minutes B. minutes C. minutes D. minute( )9.He often has _ for breakfast.A. two breads B. two piece of breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads( )10.Mrs. Green has two _. Theyre very bright.A. childs B. child C. childrens D. children ( )11.

12、What did the headmaster say about Jims _.A. two months holiday B. two months holidayC. two-month holiday D. two months holidays( )12.I wont go there with you, for I have a lot of _ to do.A. works B. job C. work D. working( )13.Li Lei is a friend of _.A. I sister B. my sistersC. me sister D. my siste

13、r of( )14.Have you read _?A. todays B. today paperC. the todays paper D. todays paper( )15.How many _ are there in the room?A. boxes B. box C. boxs D. boxxes ( )16.Many _ have been built in our city since 1987.A. factorys B. factoriesC. factoryes D. factorys( )17.There are lots of _ in the basket on the table .A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss( )18.The cat caught two _ last night.A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices( )19.Jack went to have two _ pulled out yesterday afternoon.A. tooths B. to