英語八年級全冊知識要點

1、人教版新目標(biāo)英語八年級上冊知識要點Unit 1 How often do you exercise?重點語法：頻率副詞 詢問別人做某事的頻繁程度 提問用 How often 引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句 回答用 always, sometimes, twice a day 等頻率副詞。例句：A: How often do you watch TV?(你多長時間看一次電視？) B: I watch TV every day.(我每天都看電視。) A: What's your favorite program?(你最喜歡的節(jié)目是什么？) B: It's Animal World.(是動物世界。)

2、 A: How often do you watch it?(你多長時間看一次這個節(jié)目？)主要頻率副詞的等級排序： always(總是) > usually (通常) > often(經(jīng)常) > sometimes(有時) > hardly ever(很少) > never(從不)隔一段時間做某事數(shù)次用 數(shù)詞 + 時間間隔 的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成。如： once a week 一周一次(“一次”用特殊詞 once) twice a day 一天兩次(“兩次”用特殊詞 twice) three times a month 一個月三次(三次或三次以上用 基數(shù)詞 + times 的

3、結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成) four times a year 一年四次重點短語：how often 多久一次 as for 至于；關(guān)于 how many 多少（針對可數(shù)名詞） how much 多少（針對不可數(shù)名詞） of course = sure 當(dāng)然；確信 look after = take care of = care for 照顧；照看 a lot of = lots of = plenty of 許多；大量 every day 每一天 every night 每晚 hardly ever 幾乎不 be good for 對有益 be good for one's health 有益健康

4、try to do sth. 嘗試做某事 get good grades 取得好成績 help sb. to do sth. 幫助某人做某事 kind of 有點 want sb. to do sth. 想要（某人）做某事 keep in good health 保持健康 No two men think alike. 人心各異。Unit 2 What's the matter?重點語法：詢問別人如何感覺 了解人體器官和部位的英文名稱 了解一些常見病的英文名稱 告訴別人應(yīng)該怎樣做和不應(yīng)該怎樣做例句：A: What's the matter?(怎么了？) B: I'm n

5、ot feeling well.(我感覺不舒服。)I have a cold.(我感冒了。) A: When did it start?(什么時候開始的？) B: About two days ago.(大約兩天前開始的。) A: Oh, that's too bad.(哦，這很糟糕。)You should lie down and rest.(你應(yīng)該躺下休息。) B: Yes, I think so.(是的，我是這么認(rèn)為的。) A: I hope you feel better soon.(祝你早日康復(fù)。)重點短語： have a cold 患感冒 shouldn't = s

6、hould not be stressed out 緊張的；有壓力的 a few 有些；幾個（針對可數(shù)名詞） a little bit 有些；幾個（針對不可數(shù)名詞） at the moment 此刻；現(xiàn)在 What's the matter? = What's wrong? = What's the problem? 怎么了？ lie down and rest 躺下休息 see a doctor 看病 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 listen to 聽 for example 舉個例子 be good for 對有益 it's + adj. +

7、 for sb. + to do sth. 做某事（對某人來說）（加形容詞） get tired 感到疲倦 stay healthy 保持健康 give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 把某物給某人 need to do sth. 需要做某事Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?重點語法：用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)表示一般將來時態(tài) 強(qiáng)調(diào)某個動作已經(jīng)計劃好即將按照計劃去執(zhí)行例句：A: What are you doing for vacation, Lin Hui?(林輝，放假準(zhǔn)備干什么呢？) B: I'm going to Tibet

8、 for a week.(我要去西藏旅游一周。) A: That sounds interesting!(這聽起來很有趣。)What are you doing there?(你去那里準(zhǔn)備干些什么事？) B: I'm going hiking in the mountains.(我準(zhǔn)備上山徒步旅行。)How about you, Tony?(你呢，托尼？)What are you doing for vacation?(你放假準(zhǔn)備干些什么呢？) A: I'm visiting my friend in Hong Kong.(我要去拜訪我在香港的朋友。) B: Oh yeah?(

9、是嗎？)How long are you staying?(你要去多久?。? A: Just for four days.(只去四天。)I don't like going away for too long.(我不想遠(yuǎn)走太長時間。) B: Well, have a good time!(祝你旅途愉快！)Send me a postcard from Hong Kong!(記得從香港寄一張明信片回來！) A: Sure. Show me your photos when we get back to school.(當(dāng)然。當(dāng)我們再回學(xué)校的時候，再看看你的照片。)重點短語：how lon

10、g 多久 get back = come back 回來 take a vacation = have a vacation 去度假 a lot = very much 很；非常 be going to do sth. 將要去做某事 sound + adj. 聽起來（加形容詞） sound like + n. 聽起來像（加名詞） have a good time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某物給某人看 want to do sth. = would like to do sth. 想要做某

11、事 plan to do sth. 計劃做某事 spend sometime in doing sth. 花時間做某事 need to do sth. 需要做某事 ask sb. about sth. 詢問某人某方面的事情 go shopping 去購物 leave for 離開去某地Unit 4 How do you get to school?重點語法：詢問別人做某事的方式 用 How 引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句 其回答有多種方式，其中一種結(jié)構(gòu)是 by doing sth. 或 by sth. 的結(jié)構(gòu)。 詢問兩地的距離用 how far 引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句 回答用 be + (distance) + aw

12、ay + from 的結(jié)構(gòu)。例句：A: How do you get to school?(你如何去上學(xué)？) B: I take the subway.(我乘地鐵去上學(xué)。) A: How far is it from your home to school?(從家到學(xué)校多遠(yuǎn)？) B: It's three miles.(有三英里遠(yuǎn)。) A: How long does it take you to get from home to school?(從家到學(xué)校需要花多長時間？) B: It takes 25 minutes.(要花 25 分鐘。)重點短語：by bus = take th

13、e bus 乘公共汽車 how far 多遠(yuǎn) depend on 依賴于 by boat = take the boat 乘船 look at 看 by train = take the train 乘火車 by bike = ride one's bike 騎車 by subway =take the subway 乘地鐵 by plane = take the plane 乘飛機(jī) on foot 走路 get up 起床 have breakfast 吃早飯 leave for somewhere 離開去某地 take sb. to somewhere 帶某人去某地 half an

14、 hour = thirty minutes 半小時（三十分鐘） around the world = all over the world 全世界 get to school 到學(xué)校 think of 認(rèn)為 on weekend 在周末Unit 5 Can you come to my party?重點語法：詢問并請求某人做某事例句：A: Hey, Dave.(你好，戴夫。)Can you go to the movies on Saturday?(周六你能去看電影嗎？) B: I'm sorry, I can't.(對不起，我不能去。)I have too much hom

15、ework this weekend.(這個周末我有太多作業(yè)要做。) A: That's too bad.(這太糟了。)Maybe another time.(只好等下一次了。) B: Sure, Joe.(當(dāng)然，喬。)Thanks for asking.(謝謝你的邀請。)重點短語：the day after tomorrow 后天 the day before yesterday 前天 come over 來訪 study for a test 復(fù)習(xí)迎考 go to the doctor = see the doctor 看病 have to 不得不；必須（強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀上） must 不

16、得不；必須（強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀上） help sb. with sth. = help sb. to do sth. 幫助某人做某事 too much + n. 太多（針對不可數(shù)名詞） too many + n. 太多（針對可數(shù)名詞） much too + adj. 太（加形容詞） go to the movies 看電影 practice doing sth. 練習(xí)做某事 thanks for doing sth. 為（做）某事而感謝 go to the dentist 看牙醫(yī) be going to do sth. 將要做某事（該事已計劃好） will do sth. 將要做某事（該事尚未計劃） k

17、eep quiet 保持安靜Unit 6 I'm more outgoing than my sister.重點語法：在兩件或多件事物中進(jìn)行比較 使用形容詞的比較級和最高級 通常形容詞的比較級是在形容詞后加 -er(以e結(jié)尾的單詞直接加r，閉音節(jié)輔音字母結(jié)尾雙寫輔音字母加-er)的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成，最高級是在形容詞前加 the ，形容詞后加 -est(以e結(jié)尾的單詞直接加st，閉音節(jié)輔音字母結(jié)尾雙寫輔音字母加-est)的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成。(eg/ big bigger the biggest 形容詞 big 的原級、比較級和最高級；small smaller the smallest 形容詞 smal

18、l 的原級、比較級和最高級) 當(dāng)一個單詞有3個或以上音節(jié)時，其比較級是在形容詞前加 more 的結(jié)構(gòu)，其最高級是在形容詞前加 the most 的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成。(eg/ expensive more expensive the most expensive 形容詞 expensive 的原級、比較級和最高級；outgoing more outgoing the most outgoing 形容詞 outgoing 的原級、比較級和最高級)例句：A: Lin Ping is my friend. (Lin Ping 是我的朋友。)She's a little more outgoing th

19、an me.(她比我性格要活潑開朗一些。) B: My friend is the same as me.(我的朋友跟我一樣。)We are both quiet.(我們都很靜。) A: Do you look the same?(你們長相相像嗎？) B: No, I'm a little taller than her.(不，我比她高一點。)重點短語：more than 超出 in common 共同的 be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好 most of 大多數(shù) in some ways 在某些方面 the same as 與一樣 make sb. + a

20、dj. 讓某人（感覺）（加形容詞） stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停止當(dāng)前做的事去做另一件事 begin with 以開始 each other 互相 enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time 玩得高興 spend sometime in doing sth. = spend sometime on sth. 花時間做某事 plan to do sth. 計劃做某事 on a farm 在農(nóng)場Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake?重點語法：描述一個過程 服

21、從別人的指令 詢問做某事的過程用 how 引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句 分步回答用 first(首先), next(接著), then(然后), finally(最后) 等時間副詞引導(dǎo)從句。例句：A: How do you make fruit salad?(如何做水果沙拉？) B: First cut up three bananas, three apples and a watermelon.(首先切三個香蕉、三個蘋果和一個西瓜。)Next put the fruit in a bowl.(接下來把水果放到一個碗里。)Then put in two teaspoons of honey and a c

22、up of yogurt.(然后放入兩勺蜂蜜和一杯酸奶。) Finally mix it all up.(最后將它們放在一起攪拌。)重點短語：turn on 打開（電器）閉合開關(guān) turn off 關(guān)閉（電器）斷開開關(guān) cut up 切碎 mix up 混合 add . to . 把加到上 pour . into . 把澆到里面 put . in . 把放到里面 put . on . 把放到上面 a cup of 一杯 a teaspoon of 一勺Unit 8 How was your school trip?重點語法：一般過去時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + 謂語動詞的過去式 + 賓語 談?wù)撨^去發(fā)生的

23、事情用一般過去時態(tài) do/does 的一般過去時態(tài)形式：did例句：Last week I visited my aunt's house.(上個星期我去我姑姑家玩了。)She lives in California.(她住在加利福尼亞州。)The weather was beautiful.(那兒的天氣很好。)I went swimming.(我去游泳了。)重點短語：hang out 閑逛 sleep late 睡過頭 take photos = take pictures 照相 have a great time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得高興 at

24、 the end of 在的盡頭 the class monitor 班長 a day off 一整天 go for a drive 開車兜風(fēng) have fun doing sth. 做某事很愉快 a bowl of 一碗 help sb. to do sth. 幫助某人做某事一些不規(guī)則動詞的原形和過去式：hang hung buy bought sleep slept read/ri:d/ read/red/Unit 9 When was he born?重點語法：一般過去時態(tài) 談?wù)撝宋锢洌篈: How long did Charles Smith hiccup?(查理斯·史

25、密斯打嗝了多長時間？) B: He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months.(他打嗝了 69 年零 5 個月。) A: When did he start hiccupping?(他什么時候開始打嗝的？) B: He started in 1922.(他從 1922 年就開始打嗝了。) A: When did he stop hiccupping?(他什么時候停止打嗝的？) B: He stopped in 1990.(他到 1990 年才停止打嗝。)重點短語：too . to . 太以致不能 take part in = join 參加 because of

26、因為 major in 主修；專研 start doing sth. 開始做某事（該事已計劃好） start to do sth. 開始做某事（該事尚未計劃） spend sometime with sb. 花時間和某人在一起 spend sometime in doing sth. = spend sometime on sth. 花時間做某事 see sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)全局） see sb. doing sth. 看見某人做某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然性）Unit 10 I'm going to be a basketball player.重點語法：一般將來時態(tài) do

27、/does 的兩種一般將來時態(tài)形式：will do；be going to do 兩種形式的區(qū)別：will do 強(qiáng)調(diào)事情尚未計劃好而即將做 be going to do 強(qiáng)調(diào)事情已計劃好并將按照計劃來做 本單元重點強(qiáng)調(diào) be going to do 的形式。例句：A: What are you going to do next year?(明年你準(zhǔn)備干些什么？) B: Well, I'm going to take guitar lessons.(我明年要上吉他音樂課。)I really love music.(我很喜歡音樂。) A: Sounds interesting.(聽起來很

28、有趣。)I'm going to learn a foreign language.(我明年要學(xué)一門外語。)重點短語：grow up 成長；長大 at the same time 同時 all over 遍及 all over the world = around the world 全世界 be going to do sth. 將要做某事 practice doing sth. 練習(xí)做某事 study hard 努力學(xué)習(xí) take lessons 上課 sound + adj. 聽起來（加形容詞） sound like + n. 聽起來像（加名詞） save money 存錢 bu

29、y sb. sth. = by sth. for sb. 給某人買某物 buy sth. with the money 用錢買某物 write articles 寫文章 learn to do sth. 學(xué)習(xí)做某事 get good grades 取得好成績 play sports 運動 keep fit 保持健康 write to sb. 給某人寫信 enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事Unit 11 Could you please clean your room?重點語法：委婉請求別人做某事 引導(dǎo)詞用 can, shall, will 等情態(tài)動詞的過去時態(tài)例句：A: Could

30、I please use your computer?(我能用一下你的電腦嗎？) B: Sorry. I'm going to work on it now.(對不起，我正在忙著用電腦。) A: Well, could I watch TV?(那么，我能看電視嗎？) B: Yes, you can.(是，你可以看電視。)But you have to clean your room.(但是是在你打掃完房間之后。)重點短語：do the dishes = wash the dishes 洗碗 take out 取出 make one's bed 整理床鋪 work on 從事；忙

31、于 do chores = do housework 干家務(wù) do the laundry = wash the clothes 洗衣服 take care of = care for = look after 照看；照顧 sweep the floor 掃地 fold one's clothes 疊衣服 go to the movies 看電影 get a ride 騎車 go to a meeting 開會 hate (to do/doing) sth. 討厭做某事 like (to do/doing) sth. 喜歡做某事 invite sb. to somewhere 邀請某人

32、去某地 go to the store = go shopping 購物 forget to do sth. 忘記做某事（該事尚未做） forget doing sth. 忘記做某事（該事已做過） give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 把某物給某人 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 買某物給某人 on vacation 度假Unit 12 What's the best radio station?重點語法：在各事物間進(jìn)行比較 用形容詞的原形、比較級和最高級例句：A: Hello! I'm a reporter.(你好，

33、我是記者。)Can I ask you some questions?(我能問你一些問題嗎？) B: Sure.(當(dāng)然可以。) A: What's the best clothing store in town?(城里最好的服裝店是哪一家？) B: I think Jason's is the best.(我認(rèn)為杰森服裝店是最好的。) A: Why do you think so?(為什么這樣認(rèn)為呢？) B: Jason's has the best quality clothes.(杰森服裝店有質(zhì)量最好的服裝。)重點短語：close to = near 靠近；接近 i

34、nexpensive = cheap 便宜的 clothing store 服裝店 radio station 廣播站 talent show 業(yè)余歌手演唱會 it is adj. for sb. to do sth. 做某事（對某人來說）感覺（加形容詞） cut the price 打折 not . at all = not . in the slightest 一點也不 in fact 實際上 pay for 為而付款 sth. cost sb. (money) 某人花錢買了某物 good/well better the best 形容詞 good /副詞 well 的原級、比較級和最高級

35、 bad/badly worse the worst 形容詞 bad /副詞 badly 的原級、比較級和最高級 八年級下冊重點語法和短語Unit 1 Will people have robots?重點語法：一般將來時態(tài)的應(yīng)用          do/does 的一般將來時態(tài)形式：(shall/will) do          do/does 的一般將來時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：(shall/will) be done一般

36、將來時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式：肯定句例句：People will have robots in a few years.否定句例句：People (will not/won't) have robots in a few years.一般疑問句例句：Will people have robots in a few years?特殊疑問句例句：What will people have in a few years?重點短語：won't = will not          the

37、y'll = they will          she'll = she will          he'll = he will          I'll = I will          fal

38、l in love with(sb./sth.) 愛上（某人/某物）          be able to do sth. 能夠做某事          come true 實現(xiàn)          in the future 未來        &

39、#160; hundreds of 數(shù)以百計的          thousands of 數(shù)以千計的          look for(sb./sth.) 尋找（某人/某物）          will would 情態(tài)動詞 will 的原形和過去式      &#

40、160;   may might 情態(tài)動詞 may 的原形和過去式Reading Strategy(閱讀方法)Look at the title and picture, and predict what you will read about. (看著標(biāo)題和圖片，預(yù)知你要閱讀那些方面的內(nèi)容。)This helps you get ready to acquire new information. (這樣可以幫助你獲得一些新的信息。)Unit 2 What should I do?重點語法：過去將來時態(tài)（將來時態(tài)的委婉說法）    &

41、#160;     do/does 的過去將來時態(tài)形式：(should/would) do          do/does 的過去將來時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：(should/would) be done過去將來時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式：肯定句例句：You should write a letter to him.否定句例句：You shouldn't write a letter to him.一般疑問句例句：Should I write a letter

42、 to him?特殊疑問句例句：What should I do?重點短語：keep sb. out 不讓某人進(jìn)入          What's wrong? = What's the matter? = What's the problem? 怎么了？          out of style 不時髦的；過時的      

43、60;   call sb. up 給某人打電話          pay for sth. 為某事付款          part-time job 兼職工作          the same as = be same (to/with) 與同樣     

44、     in style 時髦的；流行的          get on well with sb. = get along well with sb. 與某人相處（好）          didn't = did not          couldn't = coul

45、d not          as . as possible 盡可能(eg/ as soon as possible 盡快)          all kinds of 各種；許多          on the one hand 一方面       

46、60;  on the other hand 另一方面          ask sb. for sth. = ask sb. to do sth. 請求某人做某事          ask sb. not to do sth. 請求某人不要做某事          spend (money) on sth. = sp

47、end (money) in doing sth. 花錢做某事          sth. cost sb. (money) 某人花錢為了某事          take sb. sometime to do sth. 花某人時間做某事          find out 查明    &#

48、160;     find sb. doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事          be angry with sb. 生某人的氣          be angry at sth. 生某事的氣          the same age as = as old as 與某人年齡一

49、樣          have fight with sb. 與某人打架          learn to do sth. 學(xué)會做某事          not . until . 直到才          compare sth.(A)

50、 with sth.(B) 把某事(A)與某事(B)作比較          it's time for sth. = it's time to do sth. 到該做某事的時間了          maybe adv. 或許          may be （情態(tài)動詞 + 動詞原形）可能是  

51、;        shall should 情態(tài)動詞 shall 的原形和過去式          pay paid paid 動詞 pay 的原形、過去式和過去分詞Reading Strategy(閱讀方法)You will learn to use new words better if you use a learner's dictionary. (時刻學(xué)著應(yīng)用新單詞來學(xué)習(xí)比時刻使用字典這種途徑方法更好。)A bilin

52、gual dictionary sometimes gives the wrong meaning for the situation you want. (在某些你需要的場合下，一本雙語字典有時會給你錯誤的解釋。)Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?重點語法：過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)          do/does 的過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)形式：(was/were) doing       &#

53、160;  do/does 的過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：(was/were) being done過去將來時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式：肯定句例句：I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.否定句例句：I wasn't walking down the street when a UFO landed.一般疑問句例句：Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?特殊疑問句例句：What were you doing when a UFO landed?動詞 whe

54、n 和 while 的選擇：when 后加瞬間動詞，while 后加延續(xù)性動詞。例句：The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.     =While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)：(1) How + adj. + the + 主語 + 謂語動詞     =(2) What + (a/an) + adj. + n. + 主語 + 謂語動詞例句：What a be

55、autiful flower it is!     =How beautiful the flower is!      What beautiful flowers they are!     =How beautiful the flowers are!重點短語：get out 出去；離開          take off 起飛   

56、0;      run away 逃跑；跑掉          come in 進(jìn)來          hear about = hear of 聽說          take place 發(fā)生       

57、   as . as 像一樣(eg/ as old as him 像他一樣老)          anywhere = everywhere = here and there 任何地方          think about 考慮          think of 認(rèn)為   

58、       get up = get out of the bed 起床          at the doctor's 在診所          every day 每一天          everyday adj. 日常的  

59、60;       most adj. 大部分          the most 最多的          in space 在太空中          national hero 民族英雄      

60、60;   all over the world = in the world 全世界Reading Strategy(閱讀方法)The title can be helpful for you to understand a text. (一篇文章的標(biāo)題可以幫助你理解整篇文章。)It's also a good idea to read the first sentence of each paragraph before you read. (在閱讀整篇文章之前，閱讀每段的第一句話也是一個很有效的方法。)Unit 4 He said I was hard-wor

61、king.重點語法：賓語從句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + 謂語動詞 + 賓語從句(主語 + 謂語動詞 + 賓語/表語)例句：-I'm good at English. He says. (改為加賓語從句的復(fù)合句)      -He says I'm good at English.注意：主句是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，賓語從句的時態(tài)不受其影響。        例句：He says I'm good at English now.    &

62、#160;         He says I was good at mathematics when I was young.      主句是過去時態(tài)，賓語從句也要用過去時態(tài)。        例句：He said I was good at mathematics when I was young yesterday.      &

63、#160;       He said I was good at English now yesterday.      賓語從句是客觀真理時永遠(yuǎn)用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。        例句：Our teacher says 24 hours make a day.             Our tea

64、cher said the sun gives us so many energy yesterday.      動詞原形不能作主語，必須用其 -ing 形式。        例句：She said helping others changed her life.重點短語：direct speech 直接引語          reported speech = indirect speech 間接引語          first of all = at first 首先          pass on 傳遞          be supposed to do sth. 應(yīng)該做某事