新人教版八年級英語下冊知識點歸納

1、新人教版八年級英語下冊知識點歸納Unit 1 What s the matter? 重點短語：have a stomachachehave a coldlie downtake one s temperature have a fevergo to a doctorto one s surprise agree to (do sth.) get into trouble be used totake risksrun out (of)cut offget out ofbe in control ofkeep on ( doing sth)give up語言知識歸納：1. What s the

2、matter （with you）?此句用來詢問別人的病情。類似的句子還有:What s wrong with you?/ Whatmatter作動詞用，意為 要緊”有關系What does it matter? It doesn【例題】Does itA. mindif we canB. minds C. matters the trouble?”，主要用于疑問句和否定句。t matter.t finish it today?D. matters2. I have a sore throat.have 患病”，常用 “ have a /an名詞” have a coldhave a fever

3、have a stomachache have a cough 【例題】()-Does he often havehave a sore backcold?Yes. He alsoa cough and a sore throat.A. a; has B. /; has C. a; have D. /; have3 .Lie down and rest!躺下休息 lie down 躺下單詞詞義過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lie說謊liedliedlyinglie躺，平放laylainlying4 .That s probably why）可能就是原因。probably意為很可能，大概”，表示的可能性

4、很大，是一種近乎肯定的意思。5 . hurt v.使受傷；傷害；疼痛He hurt his leg when he fell.他摔傷的時候傷了腿。My feelings were hurt when he didn t ask me t砒he布arty）參加聚會使我很傷心。6 . The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping.公交車司機，24 歲的王平24-year-old是用連字符連接數(shù)字和名詞所構成的一個形容詞結構，意思是“2驢的（名詞必須用單數(shù)，常用在名詞前做定語）【例題】 A girl named DongXinyi looked after her di

5、sabled father.A. three-year-old B. three-years-old C. Three years old7. expect vt.期待；預期；期盼 expect的常見用法：expect+名詞/代詞The old man is expecting his daghter visit.expect to do sth.I expect to get a birthday present from my dad.expect sb. to do sth.Do you expect him to teach you English?expect + 從旬I expec

6、t that you will get there soon.【辨析】expect與 look forward to兩者都有期待的意思look forward to doing sth.I m looking forward to seeing Tom.8. But to his surprise.但是令他吃驚的是 to one s surprs示 個人驚奇的是”， 相當于 主語+be+surprised ”To his surprise, he found the girl was bind.=He was surprised to find the girl was blind.令他驚奇的

7、是，他發(fā)現(xiàn)這個女孩是個盲人?！就卣埂縤n surprise表示驚奇的”，相當于副詞性短語，用來修飾動詞。The two girls looked at each other in surprise那兩個女孩驚奇地互相看著。be surprised a展示 對感到驚訝”。We are very surprised at the new妍至U這個消息，我們彳艮詫異。surprising表示 使人驚奇的”，作表語時，主語是事物。9. They don t want any troub他們不想惹麻煩。trouble用作名詞，意為 煩惱，困難，麻煩，疾病等His life is full of trou

8、ble.他的生活充滿了 煩惱。What s the trouble?么了 ？trouble用作動詞，意為 麻煩，打擾”。I m sorto trouble you.抱歉打擾你?！就卣埂颗ctrouble相關的短語in trouble處于困境中 get into trouble陷入困境Have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困難【例題】-How is your English study? -Not bad. But I learning English grammar.A. am interested B. am good at C. have a little trou

9、ble D. have no trouble10. 辨析 used to do sth.與 be used to sth. / doing sth.過去常常習慣于某事/做某事We used to draw pictures badly.You will get used to the weather here.In the end, I got used to doing hard work.11. 辨析 run out 與 run out of人 + run out ofThey have run out of the water.物 + run out (不可用于被動語態(tài))The mone

10、y is running out.【例題】選出能代替句中畫線部分的一項()Yesterday I used up all the salt to cook dumplings. I need to buy some now.A. ate up B. run out of C. ran of D. ran out of12. make decisions = make a decisions出決定decision為decide的名詞形式make a decision to do sth. = decide to do sth.13. be in control of 管理；控制A teacher

11、 should be in control of his class.重點語法：情態(tài)動詞should的用法(1) should后接動詞原形，變否定句在should后加not,變一般疑問句時將should提前。(2) should常用于以下兩種情況：提出建議You looked tired. You should lie down and rest.表推測，意為該，按理應當Wait a minute. I think he should come in a minute.Unit 2 I ll help to clean up the city parks.重點短語：clean upby one

12、selfcheer upput offgive output onused togive awaytake afterset upmake a difference care forcome up with語言知識歸納：1. give out分發(fā)，發(fā)放【拓展】give構成的短語還有：give away贈給，贈送 give in屈服，投降give up放棄give off發(fā)出（氣味、光、熱等）2. come up with 提出，想出（1）表示 想出或提出，相當于think ofI think she can come up with a good idea（2）come up with還可表示

13、 趕上”相當于 catch up with.We should study hard to come up with them【例題】（）We must a plan to improve your math.A. pick up B. catch up with C. come up with D. make up3. I run out of it.我已經(jīng)把它用完了。run out of表示 用完，用光”，其主語一般是人?！就卣埂縭un out of還可表示 從跑出來”。Bill ran out of the room. Bill 從房間里跑出來。run構成的短語還有run away 逃走

14、run after 追趕run into difficulties 遇至U 困難【例題】（）When your money, please come to me for some.A. runs out of B. runs out C. is running out of D. is run out4. I take after my mother我長得像我媽媽。【辨析】take after 與 look liketake after意為 長得像，行為、性格等像”尤其是像自己的長輩。The boy takes after his father這個男孩長得像他爸爸。look like可以用于所

15、有場合，既可指人也可指物，僅指外表看上去像。The man looks like our teacher這個男的看起來像我們的老師。The rainbow looks like a bridge.彩虹看上去像一座橋?！就卣埂縯ake構成的短語take uptake off take placetake one s time take care【例題】（）-You ve really beautiful blond hair.-Thank you. I my mother.A. look after B. take after C. take from D. look for5. set up創(chuàng)

16、辦，建立set up為副詞短語,與start, establish同義They ve set up a company創(chuàng)辦了一家公司。與set相關的短語還有：set out動身，開始(做某事)set off出發(fā)，引起，激發(fā)6. You helped to make it possible for me to have lucky.對我來說，有了你的幫助，我才有可能擁有 Lucky.it是形式賓語You made it possible for me to catch up with others你讓我有可能趕上其他人?！纠}】()He found hard to go to sleep wit

17、h the light on.A. it B. that C. he D. him7. Lucky makes a big difference to my life. Lucky 對我的生活產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。 make a big difference意為 對產(chǎn)生很大的影響，difference在止匕為 影響”的意思?！纠}】()The heavy snow didn t the international airlines.A. pay attention to B. add to C. make a difference to D. keep to8. imagine v.想象，假想；以

18、為,認為imagine (v.想象) imagination (n.想象) imaginative (adj.富于想象力的)9. help. out幫克服困難，幫分擔工作The teacher often helps his students ou那位老師經(jīng)常幫他的學生解決問題。10. be excited about.對興奮I m excited about the game of Li N對李娜的比賽感到興奮。 exciting修飾物 重點語法：動詞短語動詞短語主要有以下四種構成形式：動詞+介詞這類動詞短語主要有： agree with, ask for, arrive at, hear

19、of, look at, take after, listen tol。 這類動詞后的賓語無論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之后。I m looking for my pen. Don t laugh at the poor man.(2)動詞+副詞這類動詞短語有： find out, give out, look up, put on, turn on/off, wake up, work out 等。這類動詞后面的賓語是名詞時，名詞可放在副詞前面或后面；賓語是代詞時，代詞只能放在 副詞前面。Please pick up the pen.= Please pick the pen up. It

20、 took him two hours to work it out. 動詞+名詞+介詞這類動詞短語有： have a look at, make friends with, pay attention to, take care of, look forward to在這類動詞短語中，賓語都放在介詞之后。You should pay more attention to your pronunciation.(4)動詞+形容詞+介詞這類動詞短語有： be angry with, be busy with, be good for, be different from, be intereste

21、d in, be good at等?！纠}】(1) ( ) When you don t know a word, you can in the dictionary.A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up(2) ( ) We will have dinner at the restaurant, which is famous its sea food.A. of B. to C. for D.asUnit 3 Could you please clean your room?重點短語：take out the rubbi

22、sh make the bedall the timeborrow some money help with housework hang out with. a waste of timein order toasastake care ofin surprisedo the dishesas a result 語言知識歸納：1. work on從事于；著手干The writer is working on a new book.那位作家正在寫一本新書。She is going to work on her physics project 她打算從事她的物理項目?！纠}】（）The scie

23、ntists are inventing some methods of producing electricity.A. working on B. working out C. working at D. working for2. at least至少at least修飾時間、距離、長度等，以加強語氣。翻譯短語位at most意為至多，最多”。He kept me waiting at least an hour.There were fifty people there at most.3. all the time 一直；總是Things are changing all the t

24、ime# 情一直在變化?！就卣埂縯ime相關的短語on time 準時at the same tim舸時 in time 及時From time to time 偶爾 the first time 第一次【例題】選出能代替句中劃線部分的一項。（）I always go shopping on Friday.A. all the time B. all the same C.all along D. all the way5. I m just as tired as you are和你一樣累。 as.as為 和一樣”表示同級比較。as.as中間要用形容詞或副詞原級。This story is

25、as interesting as that one個故事和那個一樣有趣。否定式為not as/so.as9為 不如The garden is not so beautiful as you thought.【例題】（）He speaks French well, but of course not a person born in France.A.as clear as B. clearer than C. as clearly as D. the more clearly6. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither d

26、id I一個星期，她不做家務，我也不做家so,neither倒裝句型S。+助動詞/ be動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語Neither +助動詞/ be動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語這兩種結構常用來說明前面所說的情況，后面某人（物）也是這樣。助動詞/ be動詞/情態(tài)動詞在形式上與前句的謂語保持一致，而其單復形式由后句的主語決定。So依附于肯定句，neither依附于否定句。Bill watched TV last night. So did Ann.Lily isn t a teacher. Neither is Mary.【例題】（）-I never drink coffee. -.A.So do I B. So

27、 did I C. Neither did I D. Neither do I7. 辨析 borrow 與 lendborrow sth. from sb.向某人借（入）某物 lend sth. to sb. / lend sb. sth把某物借給某人【注】borrow,lend都是非延續(xù)性動詞，如果要表示借多長時間”要用keepb【例題】（）Although you like the book, you may only it for two weeks.A. borrow B. keep C. lend D. stay8. spendv.花費（金錢；時間）spend +錢/時間+ on s

28、th.在上花費時間或金錢spend +時間+（ in） doing sth.花時間做某事【例題】（）Yang Feng every Saturday afternoon volunteering in an old peopleA. costs B. takes C. pays D. spends8. provide v.提供；給予frovide sth.The restaurant provide the best service.rovide sb. with sth. The parents provide the children with food and vi

29、de sth. for sb. The schools provide desks and chairs for the students.【例題】（）To protect the environment, supermarkets don t free plastic bags to shoppersA. take B. show C. provide D. carry10. depend on依靠;依賴；相信depend on為固定短語，不能用進行時態(tài)，也不可用被動語態(tài)As we know, good results depend on hard work.You can t depend

30、 on your parents forever.10. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.孩子越早學會獨立，對他們I將來就越好。the +比較級.，the +比較級.越一就越”The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will have.【例題】（）-There was thick hazeff霾）in our city this spring. What do you think of it ?-I t

31、hink cars we drive,pollution our city will have.A. the fewer; the fewerB. the fewer; the lessC. The more; the fewerD. the more; the less11. in order to 的用法（1） in order to意為 為了”，強調(diào)目的，后接動詞原形。In order to let the students hear him, he spoke loudly.We have to study hard in order to pass the exam.In order

32、 not to be late for school, she took a taxi.含in order to的句子可以轉變?yōu)橛蓅o that或in order that弓I導的狀語從句。She ran quickly in order to catch the bus.She ran quickly in order that she could catch the bus.She ran quickly so that she could catch the bus.12. as a result的用法as a result用于引出結果，常用于兩個句子之間，其中一個是另一個的結果，且前后

33、用標點符號將兩個句子隔開，意為 結果是 OHe didn t listen carefully. As a result, he couldn t work out the maths problem.【注】as a result of的意思是 由于，因為，相當于because ofPeter was late as a result of the heavy rain.= Peter was late because of the heavy rain.【例題】（）The boy studied hard. , he passed the exam.A. la fact B. On time

34、 C. After all D. As a result17 / 17Unit 4 Why don t ytaUk to your parents?s opinion重點短語：look through cut outa big deal communicate with instead of 語言知識歸納：work outcomparewithso thatnotuntilget on within oneget into a fight call sb. up1. Why don t you talk to your parents?Why don t you do sth尸 Why not

35、 do sth為什么不 “？”【拓展】提出建議的句型 What/How about doing sth.?做某事怎么樣？Shall we do sth.? 我們做某事好嗎？You d better（not） do sth.；最好（不）做某事。Why don t you do sth.為什么不做某事呢？Would you mind doing sth.?你介意做某事嗎？2. allow v.允許，許可allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事 “My parents allow me to play computer game on weekends.allow doing sth.

36、允許做某事”She doesn t allow smoking in her house.allow+名詞We can t allow such a thing.【例題】（）Do you often allow until 11:00 p.m.A. to stay up B. stay up C. staying up D. and stay up3. work out產(chǎn)生效果，進展Things worked out quite well for us.對我們來說，事情進展很好。He worked out the maths problem 他算出了這道數(shù)學題。Can you work out

37、 the problem alone?爾一個人能把問題搞清楚嗎？4. communicatev.交流信息； 溝通I can t communicate with them at the momen創(chuàng)我無法同他們進行交流。communication n.交流People can t get on well with each other without communicationl交流， 人們就無法相處得好。 【例題】選出能代替句中劃線部分的一項。（）People choose to keep in touch with their friends by e-mail.A. write B. r

38、ead C.agree D. communicate5. arguevi.爭論； 爭吵argue with sb.與某人爭論Don t argue with your parents 要和你的父母爭論。argue的名詞形式是 argument ” , have an argument withsb.人辯論。Alice hand an argument with her best friend.【例題】（）I never argue my parents.A.in B.to C.for D.with6. insteadadv.代替，頂替If you are busy, you may come

39、another day instead.【辨析】instead 與 instead ofinstead副詞舍前取后，可單獨使用，位于旬首或旬末。instead of介詞短語舍后取前，后面常跟名詞，代詞及動詞 ing0He didn t answer. He asked his father instead.We eat rice instead of noodles.【例題】（）What a nice day! We should go sightseeing watching TV in the hotel.A.because of B. instead of C.together with

40、 D.out7. offer v.提供；提出；建議offer做 提供”講時，可接雙賓語。offer sth. to sb.= offer sb. sth.向某人提供某物The waitress offered a cup of tea to the man.= The waitress offered the man a cup of tea.offer還有 提出，建議”的意思，其后接不定式，表示主動提出做某事。The old man offered to lend the boy some money.【例題】（）The little boy his seat to an old lady

41、on the crowded bus.A. lent B. offered C. took D. brought8. And they are always comparing them with other pare作動詞,意為 比較，和相比”。 compare.with.把同相比較Parents shouldn t always compare theirennildth others.父母們不該總是把自己的孩子同別人相比較。 compare.to.把比作People often compare the life to a stageM門常把生活比作一個舞臺。【例題

42、】（）My handwriting can not be compared my father s.A. to B. with C. on D.for11. My cousin borrows my things without returning them.return意為 歸還”，其后可接雙賓語return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb.Don t forget to return me the keys.return還有 返回”的意思，相當于go back,后接地點時需要介詞to。He returned to Shanghai a week ago.【例題】那

43、本書你還給圖書館了嗎？Did you the book the library?（）I don t know when we will Hong Kong.A. return back B. return to C. return back to D.returnUnit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?重點短語:go offdie down take down in a messpick up make one at first the rest ofbasketball competition as well語言知識歸納：1. w

44、hile當?shù)臅r候fall asleeps waywait forhave meaning tomake surein silence作連詞引導時間X語從句，在 while引導的從句中，其謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)性動詞，強調(diào)主從旬1的動作或狀態(tài)同時發(fā)生。While I was watching TV, someone knocked at the door.when意為 當時”，動作有一前一后的意思。When I passed that room I heard someone singing.while作連詞時也可理解為 然而”，表示轉折關系。I like apples while my siste

45、r doesn t.【例題】()Tom likes reading a newspaper he is having breakfast.A.until B.while C.because D.though()Mary was talking on the phone someone knocked at the door.A.while B.before C.when D.after2. make sure查明;確信 make sure of sth. make sure to do sth. make sure that + 從旬【例題】()Read your English paper

46、again and there is no mistake in it before you hand it in.A.make sure B.turn up C.come out D.look for3. I got to the bus stop but I still missed the bus.get意為到達”時，是不及物動詞，后面跟地點名詞時，要加介詞to。How can I get to the nearest supermarket ?表示 到達”的三種形式：arrive意為到達at +小地點arrive in 十大地點get to后接地點名詞。He got to school

47、 at 7:00 this morning.reach意為到達”，是及物動詞，后面直接跟地點名詞。When did you reach America?【例題】()Please write to me as soon as you your school.A.get to B.reach to C.arrive D.come()-When did your aunt in Shandong? -Yesterday afternoon.A.reach B.get C.arrive D.come4. People often remember what they were doing when t

48、heheard the news of important events in history. hear動詞，意為 聽說”。常用結構為：hear sb. do sth.聽見某人做某事hear sb. doing sth.聽見某人正在做某事hear of/about sb. /sth.聽說某人或某事hear from sb.收到某人的來信hear + that從句 聽說【例題】()Tom likes to others but he never writes to them.A.hear B.hear of C.hear about D.hear from()-When did you the

49、 news? -Just now.A.hear about B.hear from C.heard D.hearing5. I played the songwithout any mistakes.without介詞，意為無；沒有”，其反義詞為with,后接名詞、代詞或動詞ing。Fish cant live without water.He went to work without having breakfast.【例題】她沒敲門就進了房間。She entered the room at the door.你不戴眼鏡能看得清東西嗎？Unit 6重點短語：a little bitonce

50、upon a time as soon as be born 語言知識歸納：2. try的用法 try to do sth. try doing sth.Can you see clearly yourAn old man tried to move the mountains.instead ofall in loveget marriedinstead ofgive birth o盡力做某事He is trying to learn English.試著做某事You should try taking more exercise. try one s

51、 besttf I ll try my best to help him. try on 試穿 Would you like to try this dress on?2. remind vt.使想起，提醒 remind sb. of/about sth.使某人想起某事 The song remind me of my childhood. remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事 Peter reminded her to attend the meeting on time.4. What do you think of .? 你認為怎么樣？What do you thin

52、k of .? = How do you like.?注：think后接動名詞，like后接帶to的不定式如： What do you think of going climbing tomorrow?=How do you like to go climbing tomorrow?你認為明天去爬山怎么樣？【例題】()-do you think of the football match?-It s perfect. It s more exciting than match that I have ever watched.A. How; any other B. How; any othe

53、rsC. What; any other D. What; any others5. Neither of you is wrong.你們兩個都沒錯。neither兩者都不；也不e.g. Neither of the ideas is good.I like neither subject.neither作連詞，表示 既不也不”，連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞要遵循就近原則e.g. Neither you nor he is in this team.Neither he nor I am a teacher.【例題】()-Which do you prefer, a CD player or a

54、walk man?-. I prefer a computer.A. Both B. Either C. None D. Neither5. unless的用法unless的意思是 除非，如果不，相當于if not,用來引導條件狀語從句。主句同常用將來時，從 句用一般現(xiàn)在時。e.g. You will miss the early bus unless you get up early.We won t go to the cinema tomorrow unless my mother does.【例題】( )We can t be successful _w_e_k_eep working

55、 hard.A.if B.unless C.because D.when6. sothat如此以至于so.that.可以轉化為簡單句，要用too.to.或not.enough to.句型時，not 后要用原句中的形容詞或副詞的反義詞。She is so young that she can t look after herself.= She is too young to look after herself.= She is not old enough to look after herself.【例題】( )-You study hardyou re sure to pass the exam.-Thank you for saying so.A.enough; to B.as;as C.so; that7. as soon a就as soon aW連詞，引導時間狀語從句當主句是一般將來時或祈使句時，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時，簡稱“主將從現(xiàn) ”。e.g. I ll tell her about the matter as soon as she returns home