閱讀理解備考的策略ppt課件

1、閱讀了解備考戰(zhàn)閱讀了解備考戰(zhàn)略略現(xiàn)實細節(jié)題現(xiàn)實細節(jié)題 首先可以從問題中找出關鍵詞，然后到段落里迅速找到這一細節(jié)，再把細節(jié)所在段落細讀一遍以確保對細節(jié)的正確了解，從而選出正確答案。搜索直接信息的技巧v凡涉及凡涉及5w(who.when.where.what.why)5w(who.when.where.what.why)和和5H5Hhow how soon.how long.how often.how many.how about)soon.how long.how often.how many.how about)等等試題可采取閱讀或搜索的方式。試題可采取閱讀或搜索的方式。v假設尋覓時間發(fā)生的時

2、間，留意力應放在日期上；尋假設尋覓時間發(fā)生的時間，留意力應放在日期上；尋覓姓名和地點時，留意力應放在以大寫字母開頭的單覓姓名和地點時，留意力應放在以大寫字母開頭的單詞上；尋覓某人的職業(yè)那么應留意：比如詞上；尋覓某人的職業(yè)那么應留意：比如career;job;manager;make a livng by; businesscareer;job;manager;make a livng by; businessv預測所要搜索的信息在文中能夠出現(xiàn)的位置，以便閱預測所要搜索的信息在文中能夠出現(xiàn)的位置，以便閱讀時具有一定的選擇性跟針對性。讀時具有一定的選擇性跟針對性。詞義猜測的技巧詞義猜測的技巧Wor

3、d-guessingWord-guessing.From context利用上下文相關信息. From contrast利用對比. From cause and effect利用因果關系 . From similarity /appositive利用同義/同位語. From common sense利用常識. From comparison利用比較. From word information利用舉例.From definition or explanation利用定義/解釋 .From examples利用舉例1. From context 利用上下文相關信息利用上下文相關信息Towards

4、 the evening, there comes the grand finale of the opening day, an extremely execiting horerace(05江蘇高考題江蘇高考題66. The underlined word “finale in the fourth paragraph most probably means the _ of the opening day.A. First part B. middle C. last part D. whole CIn a culture which values only the winner and

5、 pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society.(05重慶高重慶高考題考題73. The underlined phrase “the most vocal in paragraph 3 means_Those who try their best to winThos

6、e who value competition most highlyThose who are against competition most stronglyThose who rely on others most for successC2.From definition or explanation (利利用定義或解釋用定義或解釋)Signal words: means, refers to, to be called, to be known as ,can be defined as, in other words,.etc.Grown-ups also have a sens

7、e of object permanence. We know that if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. (04北京高考題北京高考題69.in paregraph 3, “object permanence means that when out of sight, an object _Still exists B. keeps its shapeC. Still stays solid D. is beyond reachA3 .From

8、contrast (利用對比利用對比)Signal words: unlike ,but, however, while, yet, on the contrary,etc. Lack of parent willpower may contribute more to juvenile obesity than under-exercising or overeating.(05天津高考題天津高考題39. What doed the underlined phrase “juvennile obesitymean?_Adult education B. Childhood overweigh

9、tC. parents influence D. Growing painsB4 .From cause and effect(利用因果關系利用因果關系)Signal words: because,so, suchthat,sothat,ect. When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective.(04廣

10、東高考題廣東高考題65. The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off (in para.3) means that the colours_Attracted the customers stronglyHad weak effects on the customersTricked the customers into shoppingCaused the customers to lose interest D5. From common sense(利用常識利用常識)Pruning is important beca

11、use it encourages the growth of tender shoots, or young leaves.(05江江西高考題西高考題68. In the first paragraph, the word “pruningmeans_Regular cutting of the plantsFrequent wateringRegular use of chemicalsGrowing the plants high in the mountainA6 .From similarity/appositive利用利用同義同義/同位語同位語Signal words: or, t

12、hat is ,that is to say,in other words,etc.1.They are vertebrates,that is ,animals have backbones.2.The period of adolescence,i.e.the period between childhood and adulthood ,may be long or short.脊椎動物脊椎動物青春期青春期7. From examples (利用舉例利用舉例)Signal words：example，for example ，for instance，such as ，like，as-a

13、s，etc.1.Although the hazards of the trip were many,for example,the unbearable heat ,the possibility of getting lost ,the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes ,Collins nevertheless decided that she must go. 2.The animal with the longevity is the giant land tortoise which can live several hun

14、dreds years. 危險危險長壽長壽8. From comparison 利用比較利用比較Signal words: as, like, the same asect.1. The snow was falling.Big flakes drifted with the wind like feathers.2. Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy person who does not like to go to parties or make new friends. 雪花，雪片雪花，雪片愛交際的愛交際的9 .From word f

15、ormation (利用舉例利用舉例)PrefixesMeaningExamplesil-, im-,in-,ir-, un-, dis-notillegal, immodest, incorrect, irregular, unimportant, disappearbi-twobilingual, bimonthlyinter-betweeninternational, interdependentmicro-smallmicrocomputermis-wrongmisunderstandpre-beforepreplan, prehistorysemi-halfsemicircleSuf

16、fixesMeaningExamples -er, -orthe one whowriter, editor-able, -blecapable of, fit forcomfortable,valuable-fyto makebeautify, purify-ic, -alrelating to,having the nature ofeconomichistorical-izeto makeapologize-ous, -iousfull of, of the nature ofnervous, dangerous-tion, -ationconditionattention, opera

17、tion-sionthe act of decision, conclusion1.He drew concentric circle.2.Marry Cassatt gave up her social position and all thought of a husband and a family ,which in those times was unthinkable for a young lady. 3.Finally , renewable energy sources are used even though they are often expensive to deve

18、lop.同心的同心的 不可思議的不可思議的可更新的可更新的,可再生的可再生的主旨大意題解題技巧主旨大意題解題技巧( (構造構造v讀首段抓大意。闡明文、議論文等多讀首段抓大意。闡明文、議論文等多采用這種構造。文章段落的中心，即采用這種構造。文章段落的中心，即主題句在文章開頭。因此，要尋覓這主題句在文章開頭。因此，要尋覓這類文章的主旨大意就需求研討文章的類文章的主旨大意就需求研討文章的首段首段v讀尾段抓大意。有時文章的主題句安讀尾段抓大意。有時文章的主題句安排在文章的結尾，作為對全篇的總結。排在文章的結尾，作為對全篇的總結。v還要特別留意每段的還要特別留意每段的topic topic senten

19、ce(sentence(多出如今每段的第一句。多出如今每段的第一句。 Animals can move from place to place ,but plants Animals can move from place to place ,but plants cannot. When an animal is under attack ,it can run away cannot. When an animal is under attack ,it can run away or fight back .Plants certainly cannot run away ,and or

20、 fight back .Plants certainly cannot run away ,and they lack teeth and claws .But plants can defend they lack teeth and claws .But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means.themselves by using both physical and chemical means.Some plants have their own ways to keep anima

21、ls Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away away Some plants ,such as the oak tree, have thick and Some plants ,such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat Many plants also have chemical defenses

22、 .Many plants also have chemical defenses .Many plants depend on both physical and chemical Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China ,for instance, has defenses. A certain plant in China ,for instance, has prickly prickly 多刺的多刺的leaves, and each prickle cont

23、ains leaves, and each prickle contains poisonous venompoisonous venom毒液毒液A single experience with this A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future. (05in the future. (05江蘇江蘇71. What would be the best title for this passage?_A. Plants and Animals B. How Plants Defend ThemselvesC. Attacks and DefensesD. How Animals Eat Plant LeavesB推理判別題的選項普通可分為以推理判別題的選項普通可分為以下四種類型：