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1、短短 文文 改改 錯(cuò)錯(cuò)宏觀考向宏觀考向詞詞 法法句法句法行文邏輯行文邏輯微觀考法微觀考法考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)頻次頻次設(shè)誤角度設(shè)誤角度考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)頻次頻次考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)頻次頻次動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞21時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞并列連并列連詞詞5時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)一致一致7名詞名詞7可數(shù)不可數(shù),單復(fù)數(shù)、所有格可數(shù)不可數(shù),單復(fù)數(shù)、所有格代詞代詞10主格與賓格、主格與賓格、形容詞性與名詞性物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性物主代詞、反身、反身代詞代詞不定代詞不定代詞從句從句引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞5形容詞、副詞形容詞、副詞10原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)指代指代一致一致6冠詞冠詞8不定冠詞、定冠詞還是零冠詞不定冠詞、
2、定冠詞還是零冠詞主謂一主謂一致致0介詞介詞7基本用法、固定搭配基本用法、固定搭配邏輯邏輯一致一致6數(shù)詞數(shù)詞1基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞there be句型句型與特殊與特殊句式句式0詞性誤詞詞性誤詞7形容詞與副詞、形容詞與名詞、名詞與動(dòng)詞形容詞與副詞、形容詞與名詞、名詞與動(dòng)詞 20212021全國(guó)卷考點(diǎn)分布全國(guó)卷考點(diǎn)分布五解題戰(zhàn)略3步解題法第一步第一步從語(yǔ)篇入從語(yǔ)篇入手,理解手,理解大意,著大意,著眼時(shí)態(tài)和眼時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)誤用時(shí)態(tài)誤用自動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)誤用自動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)誤用短文改錯(cuò)取材于考生短文改錯(cuò)取材于考生作文在時(shí)態(tài)上常用普作文在時(shí)態(tài)上常用普通如今時(shí)和普經(jīng)過(guò)去通如今時(shí)和普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí),有
3、些句子中謂語(yǔ)時(shí),有些句子中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)本動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)本身沒(méi)有什么錯(cuò)誤,只身沒(méi)有什么錯(cuò)誤,只需立足于上下文才干需立足于上下文才干發(fā)下其中的錯(cuò)誤。發(fā)下其中的錯(cuò)誤。第二步第二步從句子從句子入手入手動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞名詞名詞 描畫(huà)詞、副詞描畫(huà)詞、副詞冠詞冠詞介詞介詞從句引導(dǎo)詞從句引導(dǎo)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)主謂一致錯(cuò)誤主謂一致錯(cuò)誤非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤單復(fù)數(shù)運(yùn)用及一切格的錯(cuò)用單復(fù)數(shù)運(yùn)用及一切格的錯(cuò)用混淆描畫(huà)詞、的副詞詞性混淆描畫(huà)詞、的副詞詞性原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的誤用原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的誤用錯(cuò)用由如今分詞和過(guò)去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化的描畫(huà)詞錯(cuò)用由如今分詞和過(guò)去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化的描畫(huà)詞a/an/the a/an/the
4、錯(cuò)用及缺失與多余錯(cuò)用及缺失與多余 及物動(dòng)詞后多用了介詞及物動(dòng)詞后多用了介詞不及物動(dòng)詞后少了介詞不及物動(dòng)詞后少了介詞搭配中介詞的錯(cuò)用搭配中介詞的錯(cuò)用代詞代詞主格和賓格;物主代詞;反身代詞;不定代詞主格和賓格;物主代詞;反身代詞;不定代詞第三步第三步從行文邏輯從行文邏輯入手,兼顧入手,兼顧上下上下審查連代審查連代并列連并列連詞詞連詞的錯(cuò)用,如連詞的錯(cuò)用,如andand和和butbut等等連詞的多余,如前面有連詞的多余,如前面有althoughalthough,不能再用,不能再用butbut代詞類代詞類錯(cuò)誤錯(cuò)誤 人稱能否一致人稱能否一致單復(fù)數(shù)能否一致單復(fù)數(shù)能否一致前后指代能否一致前后指代能否一致邏輯
5、類邏輯類錯(cuò)誤錯(cuò)誤 BesidesBesides,howeverhowever,thereforetherefore 一看 “一致性:主謂能否一致;指代能否一致; 修飾語(yǔ)與被修飾語(yǔ)能否一致;前后時(shí)態(tài)能否一致; 單復(fù)數(shù)能否一致等。 二看 “搭配:動(dòng)賓能否搭配;動(dòng)詞與介詞能否搭配;介詞與名詞能否搭配;固定搭配能否正確等。 三看“詞法或語(yǔ)法:冠詞the, a, an的誤用;非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的誤用;銜接詞的誤用;描畫(huà)詞與副詞的誤用;時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)運(yùn)用不當(dāng);并列連詞的誤用;名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的誤用等。 四看“邏輯:并列句中的連詞、主從復(fù)合句中的從屬連詞能否運(yùn)用得當(dāng)。 四四 看:看: 改動(dòng)以最少為原那么,改動(dòng)以最少為原那么,
6、 虛詞以添加或刪除為原那么,虛詞以添加或刪除為原那么, 實(shí)詞以改動(dòng)詞形為原那么,實(shí)詞以改動(dòng)詞形為原那么, 以堅(jiān)持句子原意為原那么。以堅(jiān)持句子原意為原那么。四四 原那么:原那么:1.核對(duì)錯(cuò)誤項(xiàng)時(shí),假設(shè)有一時(shí)難以判別的地方,可以參考核對(duì)錯(cuò)誤項(xiàng)時(shí),假設(shè)有一時(shí)難以判別的地方,可以參考所改動(dòng)項(xiàng)能否根本符合所改動(dòng)項(xiàng)能否根本符合1 1 8的比例,即多詞一題,缺的比例,即多詞一題,缺詞一題,錯(cuò)詞八題。詞一題,錯(cuò)詞八題。2. 書(shū)寫(xiě)規(guī)范,格式正確,減少低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤。書(shū)寫(xiě)規(guī)范,格式正確,減少低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤。規(guī)范答題規(guī)范答題高考真題高考真題 評(píng)講評(píng)講 P (2021全國(guó)卷) In the summer holiday foll
7、owing my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word,
8、 “Speed up! “Slow down! “Turning left! I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road. so once I started the car, my mind goes blank.Ste
9、p1. 閱讀文章閱讀文章時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)Main idea The passage mainly talks about the authors _. experience of taking driving lessons. 主要時(shí)態(tài)主要時(shí)態(tài) 普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí) goes 改為改為went 小明出生于小明出生于21世紀(jì)五月世紀(jì)五月3日,明天是他日,明天是他15歲生日。歲生日。Step2. 入手句子入手句子Sentence by sentence S1. In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving
10、lessons. eighteen 改為改為 eighteenth 考點(diǎn):考點(diǎn): 表達(dá)世紀(jì)、生日和日期,常用序數(shù)詞。表達(dá)世紀(jì)、生日和日期,常用序數(shù)詞。 Xiaoming was born on May 3rd in the 21st century, and it is his fifteenth birthday tomorrow. 數(shù)詞錯(cuò)誤數(shù)詞錯(cuò)誤 行文邏輯錯(cuò)誤行文邏輯錯(cuò)誤Step2. 入手句子入手句子Sentence by sentence S2. I still remember how hard first day was. first 前加前加the S3. Before gett
11、ing into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. so 改為改為but/yet 冠詞缺失冠詞缺失Step2. 入手句子入手句子Sentence by sentence S4. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. word 改為改為 words S5. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up! “Slow dow
12、n! “Turning left! Turning 改為改為 Turn 名詞詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞單復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞方式動(dòng)詞方式Step2. 入手句子入手句子Sentence by sentence S6. I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. 去掉去掉 much late 改為改為later S7. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. 代詞多余代詞多余描畫(huà)詞副詞描畫(huà)詞副詞Step2. 入手句子入手句子Sentence
13、 by sentence S8. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road. suddenly 改為改為 sudden on 改為改為 in 描畫(huà)詞副詞誤用描畫(huà)詞副詞誤用介詞搭配介詞搭配Step3. 檢查核對(duì)檢查核對(duì)行文能否流暢,符合邏輯;行文能否流暢,符合邏輯;錯(cuò)誤類型及數(shù)量能否適宜;錯(cuò)誤類型及數(shù)量能否適宜;高考真題練習(xí)高考真題練習(xí)P (2021全國(guó)卷)Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the
14、 school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening t
15、ools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!備備 考考 指指 導(dǎo):導(dǎo): 1.多讀多聽(tīng)多背誦,培育語(yǔ)感。 2.在寫(xiě)作中,有認(rèn)識(shí)地留意本人容易犯的錯(cuò)誤,總結(jié)錯(cuò)誤類型,加強(qiáng)寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練,強(qiáng)化正確的言語(yǔ)認(rèn)識(shí),最終到達(dá)正確運(yùn)用言語(yǔ)的目的。 3.多做高考真題專項(xiàng)限時(shí)訓(xùn)練。Homework (2021全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷)When I look at this pict
16、ure of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my l
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