高考必考語法改錯之被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤

1、被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)錯中學錯中學 易掌握易掌握印象深印象深 永不忘永不忘歌訣：被動語態(tài)be字變，過去分詞跟后面。 被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成。以do為例，各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式為：1am/is/are +done 一般現(xiàn)在時2has /have been done 現(xiàn)在完成時3am/is /are being done 現(xiàn)在進行時4was/were done 一般過去時5had been done 過去完成時6.was/were being done 過去進行時.7shall/will be done 一般將來時例8should/would be done 過去將來時例9shall/will have bee

2、n done 將來完成時（少用）10should/would have been done過去將來完成時（少用）被動語態(tài)通常為十種時態(tài)的被動形式,被動語態(tài)由be過去分詞構(gòu)成，be隨時態(tài)的變化而上變化?！靖腻e改錯】 1. The book got written by him. 1. The book got written by him. 特點特點1 通常不接by sb. ，但有時接by sth. 。特點特點2 用用get的地方，一般可用的地方，一般可用be代替，但代替，但用用be的地方不一定能用的地方不一定能用get代替。代替。特點特點3 get多用于一般過去時。多用于一般過去時。特點特點4

3、 這種結(jié)構(gòu)大多是表示狀態(tài)的系表結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)大多是表示狀態(tài)的系表結(jié)構(gòu)。如：如：He got drunk. 他喝醉了。他喝醉了。被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析waswas_“get+過去分詞過去分詞”的四個特點的四個特點 get + pp(過去分詞) 的用法(get done結(jié)構(gòu)) get是系動詞，后接過去分詞或形容詞作表語，表示狀語的改變，意為“被，變得”。它不能和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用。l get dressed/changedl get marriedl get burnt/ burnedl get drunkl get startedl get lostl get

4、caught in the rainl get damaged l get excitedl get killedl get paidl get hurt穿衣服/換衣服結(jié)婚燒傷,曬黑喝醉開始迷路被雨淋濕遭到破壞激動喪命得到報酬受傷【考點】“get過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。【考例】 1. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you wont have time to _ before the party.(NMET04-28) 2. Be careful when you cross this very busy street If not, you may_ by a car(北京20

5、02)3. How are the team playing Theyre playing well, but one of them _ (北京2002春)4. As we joined the big crowd，I _ _from my friends.(NMET2001)5. Cleaning women in big cities usually _ by the hour. get changed “換衣服” get run over， got hurt， got separated， get paidget changed get run overgot hurtgot sepa

6、ratedget paid【改錯改錯】 2. A library with five thousand books 2. A library with five thousand books are offered to the nation as a gift. are offered to the nation as a gift. 解析：a library是offer的承受者，要用被動語態(tài)，又因主語(library) 是單數(shù)。注意：with five thousand books是a library是定語。被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析isis_將語態(tài)與主謂一致結(jié)合起來

7、命題將語態(tài)與主謂一致結(jié)合起來命題1. All the employees except the 1. All the employees except the manager _(encourage) manager _(encourage) to work online at home.to work online at home.2. With more forests being destroyed, 2. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth huge quantities of good ea

8、rth _(wash) each _(wash) each year. year. are encouragedare encouragedare being washed awayare being washed away語法填空：語法填空：3. Great changes have been 3. Great changes have been taken place in our city since taken place in our city since 2000. 2000. 【改錯改錯】take place和和happen都是不及物動詞或短都是不及物動詞或短語，不能用于被動語態(tài)

9、。語，不能用于被動語態(tài)。break out ,break in， belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to , rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie ,occur等都等都屬于不及物動詞（詞組）不能用于被動語態(tài)。屬于不及物動詞（詞組）不能用于被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析不及物動詞或短語不及物動詞或短語The traffic accident was happened The traffic accident was happened yesterday.yesterday.Ill com

10、e after the meeting if Ill come after the meeting if time_(permit).time_(permit).The fire was broke out in the capital The fire was broke out in the capital building. building. After the earthquake, few houses After the earthquake, few houses were remained.were remained.When we got to the top of the

11、 When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already been mountain, the sun had already been risen.risen.permitspermits我練、我練、我練練！我練、我練、我練練！【改錯改錯】 4. 4. 被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析toto1. The doctor has been sent_. (1. The doctor has been sent_. (介詞介詞) ) 2. Your homework should be handed 2. Your

12、homework should be handed _after class(_after class(副詞副詞) )3. Women were looked down _ in 3. Women were looked down _ in the old days.the old days.4. His house was broke _ by a 4. His house was broke _ by a thief last night. thief last night. 5. Newly-born babies are taken good 5. Newly-born babies

13、are taken good care _ in hospital.care _ in hospital.forforinin語法填空：語法填空：upon/on intointoofof6. The patient is being operated_. 6. The patient is being operated_. onon短語動詞常見的有：短語動詞常見的有：catch sight of, catch sight of, make use of, make use of, pay attention to, pay attention to, set fire to, set fire

14、 to, take care of, take care of, take hold of, take hold of, take notice of, take notice of, keep an eye on keep an eye on 7. Good care must 7. Good care must _babies, _babies, particularly while particularly while they are ill. they are ill. be taken of be taken ofbe taken of解析：由固定短語take good care

15、of(好好照看) 是可知，good care與take是被動關(guān)系【改錯改錯】 5. 5. 被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析toto1. The boy was made _ cry by his 1. The boy was made _ cry by his sister.sister.語法填空：語法填空：totoBut :But :The strange was let go.The strange was let go.【改錯改錯】 6 61 1. . 被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析byby62. French is also taught by our

16、 school. 【改錯改錯】by引出動作發(fā)出者引出動作發(fā)出者;我們學校也教法語。翻譯成我們學校也教法語。翻譯成Our school also teaches French. 是錯誤的。是錯誤的。 當動作的執(zhí)行者沒有必要指明或為大家所知當動作的執(zhí)行者沒有必要指明或為大家所知時，通常用被動語態(tài)。時，通常用被動語態(tài)。French is also taught in our school. in_被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析 1. People should be stopped _ 1. People should be stopped _cutting more trees.

17、 cutting more trees. 語法填空：語法填空：fromstop/prevent/ keep sb/sth (from) doing sthstop/prevent/ keep sb/sth (from) doing sth阻止阻止干某事。在主動語態(tài)中干某事。在主動語態(tài)中fromfrom可以省去，變可以省去，變成被動句成被動句sb/sth be stopped / prevented sb/sth be stopped / prevented from doing sth. fromfrom doing sth. from不可省。不可省。Keep sb/sth Keep sb/s

18、th from doing sthfrom doing sth意思也是意思也是“阻止阻止干（做）干（做）事事”無論在主動語態(tài)或被動語態(tài)中，無論在主動語態(tài)或被動語態(tài)中，fromfrom不能省去不能省去, ,若省去若省去fromfrom就變成就變成keep sb/sth doing sthkeep sb/sth doing sth使某使某人一直干某事。人一直干某事。2. _was the new bridge built?2. _was the new bridge built?3. The doctor is known _ us all.3. The doctor is known _ us

19、all.4.The medical team is made up _ two 4.The medical team is made up _ two doctors and ten nurses.doctors and ten nurses.By whom totoofof【改錯改錯】 5. 5. 被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析bebe_【改錯改錯】 7. 7. 被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析beingbeing-Have you moved into your new -Have you moved into your new house? house?

20、 -No, it _ (paint) now.-No, it _ (paint) now.語法填空：語法填空：is being painted 【改錯改錯】 8. An interesting story was told me 8. An interesting story was told me last nightlast night. 被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析toto The cup with mixture was showed The cup with mixture was showed _ the class. _ the class. 2. Some

21、country music was played 2. Some country music was played _ us. _ us. 3. A question was asked _ me by 3. A question was asked _ me by him. him. totoforforofofbring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get,

22、keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等?！靖腻e改錯】 9. They have married for 2 years.9. They have married for 2 years.被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析beenbeen10. This book is sold well here. 【改錯改錯】有些動詞，如有些動詞，如act, add, brush, burn, clean, cook, count, cut, draw, drive, keep, lock, look, open, read, sell, smell, s

23、moke, strike, wash, wear, write等，其主動形式在一些具體場合表示被動意等，其主動形式在一些具體場合表示被動意義。這類句子的特點是：主語往往是義。這類句子的特點是：主語往往是“物物”而不是而不是“人人”。另外，后面往往帶有。另外，后面往往帶有well這一類副詞或者這一類副詞或者修飾主語的形容詞。修飾主語的形容詞。selling_被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析主動表被動 This kind of cloth _(wash) well.This kind of cloth _(wash) well. The soup _(taste) wonderfu

24、l. The soup _(taste) wonderful. 語法填空：語法填空：washestastestaste , feel, look, sound, smell, taste , feel, look, sound, smell, appearappear等，后接形容詞作表語，不可用等，后接形容詞作表語，不可用于被動語態(tài)。于被動語態(tài)。 主動表被動3. The patient needs_.3. The patient needs_. (take care of) (take care of)taking care oftaking care ofto be taken care o

25、fto be taken care ofneed ,want ,require三個詞的主語是后面跟的動詞的承受者時，動名詞用主動形式，表示被動意思.不定式用被動形式，句型為： sb/sth needs/wants/requires doing/to be done4. Eggs wont _(keep) long in 4. Eggs wont _(keep) long in summer.summer.5. English is not easy_(learn).5. English is not easy_(learn).6. Please lend me a pen _(write).6

26、. Please lend me a pen _(write).keepto learnto write withThe meat didnt cook well. (主動句) The meat was cooked for a long time over low heat. (被動句) 非謂語動詞用主動形式表被動意義的6種場合（詳見非謂語動詞）在作表語或補語的形容詞后作狀語的不定式，用主動表被動。在have， with， there be后的名詞后的不定式，表示“有要”時，用主動表示被動。在This / That / These / Those be后的名詞后的不定式，用主動表被動。不定式

27、to blame， to let等作表語時，用主動表示被動。在表示“（某物）需要”的need， want， require等后的動名詞用主動形式表示被動含義。在be worth后的動名詞用主動表示被動【改錯改錯】 11. The Peoples Republic of China 11. The Peoples Republic of China was found on October 1, 1949. was found on October 1, 1949. 被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析foundedfounded【改錯改錯】 12. Wet clothes are

28、often hanged up 12. Wet clothes are often hanged up near a fire in rainy weather. near a fire in rainy weather. 被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析hunghung【改錯改錯】 13. Only after my friend camedid 13. Only after my friend camedid the computer repaired. the computer repaired. （NMET2005NMET2005福建卷）福建卷）將語態(tài)與倒裝結(jié)合起來命題

29、將語態(tài)與倒裝結(jié)合起來命題被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析被動語態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯誤例析waswas I cant see any coffee in this cupboard.Has it all been finished? (NMET2005春)1 1 - So what is the procedure?【2013北京】 - All the applicants_ (interview) before a final decision _(make) by the authority. 【填空填空】are interviewed被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)第一題第一題 【解析】考查動詞的語態(tài)和時態(tài)。句中appl

30、icants與interview之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)；且句子所描述的為一般情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。 核心指數(shù)核心指數(shù) 難度指數(shù)難度指數(shù)No.1is made一般現(xiàn)在時1. I need one more stamp before my collection _(complete) . (NMET1994) 2. We wont start the work until all the preparations _(make).（2014天津卷）3. Hundreds of jobs _ (lose)if the factory closes. is completedhav

31、e been madewill be lost 【解析】通常說來。在時間狀語從句中使用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時，前面的主句中使用將來時。在高中英語中也使用現(xiàn)在完成時代替將來時，表示到將來某個時間已經(jīng)完成的事情。句義：直到所有的準備工作都做好以后，我們才開始工作。復(fù)合句中，從句用一般時表將來語法填空：語法填空：2. It is said that the early European 2. It is said that the early European playing-cards _(design) for playing-cards _(design) for entertainment a

32、nd education . (entertainment and education . (遼寧卷遼寧卷06-06-31)31)【填空填空】were designed 被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)第二題第二題 表示過去某個時候發(fā)生的表示過去某個時候發(fā)生的被動動作，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)；被動動作，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)； 核心指數(shù)核心指數(shù) 難度指數(shù)難度指數(shù)No.2一般過去時3.3. More patients _(treat) in hospital this year than last year.(NMET2004，江蘇，26) 【填空填空】have been treated被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)第三題第

33、三題 根據(jù)this year確定為現(xiàn)在完成時。 核心指數(shù)核心指數(shù) 難度指數(shù)難度指數(shù)No.3現(xiàn)在完成時4. 4. Although the causes of cancer _(uncover), we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it . (山東卷06-28) 【填空填空】are being uncovered被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)第四題第四題 表示現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生的被動動作，用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài) 。 核心指數(shù)核心指數(shù) 難度指數(shù)難度指數(shù)No.4現(xiàn)在進行時5. 5. By the end of last year, another new

34、gymnasium _(complete) in Beijing. (上海2003 春)【填空填空】had been completed被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)第五題第五題 由由短語By the end of last year可知完成這一動作發(fā)生在過去的過去.表示過去某個時候之前發(fā)生的被動動作，用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。 核心指數(shù)核心指數(shù) 難度指數(shù)難度指數(shù)No.5過去完成時6. The mayor of Beijing says that all 6. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing construction work for the Beijing Olympics _ Olympics _ (complete) by 2006. (2004(complete) by 2006. (2004高考北京卷高考北京卷-27)-27)【填空填空】will have been co