高考必考語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)之被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤

1、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)中學(xué)錯(cuò)中學(xué) 易掌握易掌握印象深印象深 永不忘永不忘歌訣：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be字變，過(guò)去分詞跟后面。 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成。以do為例，各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式為：1am/is/are +done 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2has /have been done 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)3am/is /are being done 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)4was/were done 一般過(guò)去時(shí)5had been done 過(guò)去完成時(shí)6.was/were being done 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí).7shall/will be done 一般將來(lái)時(shí)例8should/would be done 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)例9shall/will have bee

2、n done 將來(lái)完成時(shí)（少用）10should/would have been done過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)（少用）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)通常為十種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)形式,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由be過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，be隨時(shí)態(tài)的變化而上變化?！靖腻e(cuò)改錯(cuò)】 1. The book got written by him. 1. The book got written by him. 特點(diǎn)特點(diǎn)1 通常不接by sb. ，但有時(shí)接by sth. 。特點(diǎn)特點(diǎn)2 用用get的地方，一般可用的地方，一般可用be代替，但代替，但用用be的地方不一定能用的地方不一定能用get代替。代替。特點(diǎn)特點(diǎn)3 get多用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)。多用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)。特點(diǎn)特點(diǎn)4

3、 這種結(jié)構(gòu)大多是表示狀態(tài)的系表結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)大多是表示狀態(tài)的系表結(jié)構(gòu)。如：如：He got drunk. 他喝醉了。他喝醉了。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析waswas_“get+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”的四個(gè)特點(diǎn)的四個(gè)特點(diǎn) get + pp(過(guò)去分詞) 的用法(get done結(jié)構(gòu)) get是系動(dòng)詞，后接過(guò)去分詞或形容詞作表語(yǔ)，表示狀語(yǔ)的改變，意為“被，變得”。它不能和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。l get dressed/changedl get marriedl get burnt/ burnedl get drunkl get startedl get lostl get

4、caught in the rainl get damaged l get excitedl get killedl get paidl get hurt穿衣服/換衣服結(jié)婚燒傷,曬黑喝醉開(kāi)始迷路被雨淋濕遭到破壞激動(dòng)喪命得到報(bào)酬受傷【考點(diǎn)】“get過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)?！究祭?1. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you wont have time to _ before the party.(NMET04-28) 2. Be careful when you cross this very busy street If not, you may_ by a car(北京20

5、02)3. How are the team playing Theyre playing well, but one of them _ (北京2002春)4. As we joined the big crowd，I _ _from my friends.(NMET2001)5. Cleaning women in big cities usually _ by the hour. get changed “換衣服” get run over， got hurt， got separated， get paidget changed get run overgot hurtgot sepa

6、ratedget paid【改錯(cuò)改錯(cuò)】 2. A library with five thousand books 2. A library with five thousand books are offered to the nation as a gift. are offered to the nation as a gift. 解析：a library是offer的承受者，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，又因主語(yǔ)(library) 是單數(shù)。注意：with five thousand books是a library是定語(yǔ)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析isis_將語(yǔ)態(tài)與主謂一致結(jié)合起來(lái)

7、命題將語(yǔ)態(tài)與主謂一致結(jié)合起來(lái)命題1. All the employees except the 1. All the employees except the manager _(encourage) manager _(encourage) to work online at home.to work online at home.2. With more forests being destroyed, 2. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth huge quantities of good ea

8、rth _(wash) each _(wash) each year. year. are encouragedare encouragedare being washed awayare being washed away語(yǔ)法填空：語(yǔ)法填空：3. Great changes have been 3. Great changes have been taken place in our city since taken place in our city since 2000. 2000. 【改錯(cuò)改錯(cuò)】take place和和happen都是不及物動(dòng)詞或短都是不及物動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

9、。語(yǔ)，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。break out ,break in， belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to , rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie ,occur等都等都屬于不及物動(dòng)詞（詞組）不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。屬于不及物動(dòng)詞（詞組）不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析不及物動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)不及物動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)The traffic accident was happened The traffic accident was happened yesterday.yesterday.Ill com

10、e after the meeting if Ill come after the meeting if time_(permit).time_(permit).The fire was broke out in the capital The fire was broke out in the capital building. building. After the earthquake, few houses After the earthquake, few houses were remained.were remained.When we got to the top of the

11、 When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already been mountain, the sun had already been risen.risen.permitspermits我練、我練、我練練！我練、我練、我練練！【改錯(cuò)改錯(cuò)】 4. 4. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析toto1. The doctor has been sent_. (1. The doctor has been sent_. (介詞介詞) ) 2. Your homework should be handed 2. Your

12、homework should be handed _after class(_after class(副詞副詞) )3. Women were looked down _ in 3. Women were looked down _ in the old days.the old days.4. His house was broke _ by a 4. His house was broke _ by a thief last night. thief last night. 5. Newly-born babies are taken good 5. Newly-born babies

13、are taken good care _ in hospital.care _ in hospital.forforinin語(yǔ)法填空：語(yǔ)法填空：upon/on intointoofof6. The patient is being operated_. 6. The patient is being operated_. onon短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：catch sight of, catch sight of, make use of, make use of, pay attention to, pay attention to, set fire to, set fire

14、 to, take care of, take care of, take hold of, take hold of, take notice of, take notice of, keep an eye on keep an eye on 7. Good care must 7. Good care must _babies, _babies, particularly while particularly while they are ill. they are ill. be taken of be taken ofbe taken of解析：由固定短語(yǔ)take good care

15、of(好好照看) 是可知，good care與take是被動(dòng)關(guān)系【改錯(cuò)改錯(cuò)】 5. 5. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析toto1. The boy was made _ cry by his 1. The boy was made _ cry by his sister.sister.語(yǔ)法填空：語(yǔ)法填空：totoBut :But :The strange was let go.The strange was let go.【改錯(cuò)改錯(cuò)】 6 61 1. . 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析byby62. French is also taught by our

16、 school. 【改錯(cuò)改錯(cuò)】by引出動(dòng)作發(fā)出者引出動(dòng)作發(fā)出者;我們學(xué)校也教法語(yǔ)。翻譯成我們學(xué)校也教法語(yǔ)。翻譯成Our school also teaches French. 是錯(cuò)誤的。是錯(cuò)誤的。 當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者沒(méi)有必要指明或?yàn)榇蠹宜?dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者沒(méi)有必要指明或?yàn)榇蠹宜獣r(shí)，通常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。時(shí)，通常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。French is also taught in our school. in_被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析 1. People should be stopped _ 1. People should be stopped _cutting more trees.

17、 cutting more trees. 語(yǔ)法填空：語(yǔ)法填空：fromstop/prevent/ keep sb/sth (from) doing sthstop/prevent/ keep sb/sth (from) doing sth阻止阻止干某事。在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中干某事。在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中fromfrom可以省去，變可以省去，變成被動(dòng)句成被動(dòng)句sb/sth be stopped / prevented sb/sth be stopped / prevented from doing sth. fromfrom doing sth. from不可省。不可省。Keep sb/sth Keep sb/s

18、th from doing sthfrom doing sth意思也是意思也是“阻止阻止干（做）干（做）事事”無(wú)論在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)或被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，無(wú)論在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)或被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，fromfrom不能省去不能省去, ,若省去若省去fromfrom就變成就變成keep sb/sth doing sthkeep sb/sth doing sth使某使某人一直干某事。人一直干某事。2. _was the new bridge built?2. _was the new bridge built?3. The doctor is known _ us all.3. The doctor is known _ us

19、all.4.The medical team is made up _ two 4.The medical team is made up _ two doctors and ten nurses.doctors and ten nurses.By whom totoofof【改錯(cuò)改錯(cuò)】 5. 5. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析bebe_【改錯(cuò)改錯(cuò)】 7. 7. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析beingbeing-Have you moved into your new -Have you moved into your new house? house?

20、 -No, it _ (paint) now.-No, it _ (paint) now.語(yǔ)法填空：語(yǔ)法填空：is being painted 【改錯(cuò)改錯(cuò)】 8. An interesting story was told me 8. An interesting story was told me last nightlast night. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析toto The cup with mixture was showed The cup with mixture was showed _ the class. _ the class. 2. Some

21、country music was played 2. Some country music was played _ us. _ us. 3. A question was asked _ me by 3. A question was asked _ me by him. him. totoforforofofbring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get,

22、keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等?！靖腻e(cuò)改錯(cuò)】 9. They have married for 2 years.9. They have married for 2 years.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析beenbeen10. This book is sold well here. 【改錯(cuò)改錯(cuò)】有些動(dòng)詞，如有些動(dòng)詞，如act, add, brush, burn, clean, cook, count, cut, draw, drive, keep, lock, look, open, read, sell, smell, s

23、moke, strike, wash, wear, write等，其主動(dòng)形式在一些具體場(chǎng)合表示被動(dòng)意等，其主動(dòng)形式在一些具體場(chǎng)合表示被動(dòng)意義。這類句子的特點(diǎn)是：主語(yǔ)往往是義。這類句子的特點(diǎn)是：主語(yǔ)往往是“物物”而不是而不是“人人”。另外，后面往往帶有。另外，后面往往帶有well這一類副詞或者這一類副詞或者修飾主語(yǔ)的形容詞。修飾主語(yǔ)的形容詞。selling_被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析主動(dòng)表被動(dòng) This kind of cloth _(wash) well.This kind of cloth _(wash) well. The soup _(taste) wonderfu

24、l. The soup _(taste) wonderful. 語(yǔ)法填空：語(yǔ)法填空：washestastestaste , feel, look, sound, smell, taste , feel, look, sound, smell, appearappear等，后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，不可用等，后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)3. The patient needs_.3. The patient needs_. (take care of) (take care of)taking care oftaking care ofto be taken care o

25、fto be taken care ofneed ,want ,require三個(gè)詞的主語(yǔ)是后面跟的動(dòng)詞的承受者時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式，表示被動(dòng)意思.不定式用被動(dòng)形式，句型為： sb/sth needs/wants/requires doing/to be done4. Eggs wont _(keep) long in 4. Eggs wont _(keep) long in summer.summer.5. English is not easy_(learn).5. English is not easy_(learn).6. Please lend me a pen _(write).6

26、. Please lend me a pen _(write).keepto learnto write withThe meat didnt cook well. (主動(dòng)句) The meat was cooked for a long time over low heat. (被動(dòng)句) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義的6種場(chǎng)合（詳見(jiàn)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）在作表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的形容詞后作狀語(yǔ)的不定式，用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。在have， with， there be后的名詞后的不定式，表示“有要”時(shí)，用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)。在This / That / These / Those be后的名詞后的不定式，用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。不定式

27、to blame， to let等作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)。在表示“（某物）需要”的need， want， require等后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。在be worth后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)【改錯(cuò)改錯(cuò)】 11. The Peoples Republic of China 11. The Peoples Republic of China was found on October 1, 1949. was found on October 1, 1949. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析foundedfounded【改錯(cuò)改錯(cuò)】 12. Wet clothes are

28、often hanged up 12. Wet clothes are often hanged up near a fire in rainy weather. near a fire in rainy weather. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析hunghung【改錯(cuò)改錯(cuò)】 13. Only after my friend camedid 13. Only after my friend camedid the computer repaired. the computer repaired. （NMET2005NMET2005福建卷）福建卷）將語(yǔ)態(tài)與倒裝結(jié)合起來(lái)命題

29、將語(yǔ)態(tài)與倒裝結(jié)合起來(lái)命題被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)十大經(jīng)典錯(cuò)誤例析waswas I cant see any coffee in this cupboard.Has it all been finished? (NMET2005春)1 1 - So what is the procedure?【2013北京】 - All the applicants_ (interview) before a final decision _(make) by the authority. 【填空填空】are interviewed被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)第一題第一題 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)。句中appl

30、icants與interview之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；且句子所描述的為一般情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 核心指數(shù)核心指數(shù) 難度指數(shù)難度指數(shù)No.1is made一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1. I need one more stamp before my collection _(complete) . (NMET1994) 2. We wont start the work until all the preparations _(make).（2014天津卷）3. Hundreds of jobs _ (lose)if the factory closes. is completedhav

31、e been madewill be lost 【解析】通常說(shuō)來(lái)。在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)，前面的主句中使用將來(lái)時(shí)。在高中英語(yǔ)中也使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)，表示到將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間已經(jīng)完成的事情。句義：直到所有的準(zhǔn)備工作都做好以后，我們才開(kāi)始工作。復(fù)合句中，從句用一般時(shí)表將來(lái)語(yǔ)法填空：語(yǔ)法填空：2. It is said that the early European 2. It is said that the early European playing-cards _(design) for playing-cards _(design) for entertainment a

32、nd education . (entertainment and education . (遼寧卷遼寧卷06-06-31)31)【填空填空】were designed 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)第二題第二題 表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生的表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)； 核心指數(shù)核心指數(shù) 難度指數(shù)難度指數(shù)No.2一般過(guò)去時(shí)3.3. More patients _(treat) in hospital this year than last year.(NMET2004，江蘇，26) 【填空填空】have been treated被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)第三題第

33、三題 根據(jù)this year確定為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 核心指數(shù)核心指數(shù) 難度指數(shù)難度指數(shù)No.3現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)4. 4. Although the causes of cancer _(uncover), we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it . (山東卷06-28) 【填空填空】are being uncovered被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)第四題第四題 表示現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 。 核心指數(shù)核心指數(shù) 難度指數(shù)難度指數(shù)No.4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)5. 5. By the end of last year, another new

34、gymnasium _(complete) in Beijing. (上海2003 春)【填空填空】had been completed被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)第五題第五題 由由短語(yǔ)By the end of last year可知完成這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去.表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)候之前發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 核心指數(shù)核心指數(shù) 難度指數(shù)難度指數(shù)No.5過(guò)去完成時(shí)6. The mayor of Beijing says that all 6. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing construction work for the Beijing Olympics _ Olympics _ (complete) by 2006. (2004(complete) by 2006. (2004高考北京卷高考北京卷-27)-27)【填空填空】will have been co