高中英語作文必備知識點(diǎn)：高中高考英語情景交際小結(jié)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上情景交際【考綱要求】高考英語測試定位為語言交際能力測試，語言必須放在實(shí)際的、并盡可能不同的情景中運(yùn)用；語言必須適合具體的交際行為；考查的焦點(diǎn)在于是否達(dá)到交際目的；語言交際行為除了需要語言能力外，還需要一些其他的能力，因此考綱要求考生必須熟練掌握常見功能意念和情景場景的表達(dá)法，能用地道的英語去交流。 【專題要點(diǎn)】情景交際考點(diǎn)概覽：1功能意念部分包括：問候，介紹，告別，感謝和應(yīng)答，祝愿、祝賀和應(yīng)答，邀請和應(yīng)答，提供（幫助等）和應(yīng)答，約會(huì)，意原和希望，請求、允許和應(yīng)答；同意和不同意，喜好和厭惡，決斷和堅(jiān)持，判斷和意見，職責(zé)，能力，偏愛，責(zé)備和抱怨，肯定和不肯定，禁止和警告，

2、可能和不可能，預(yù)見、猜測和相信，請求，勸告和建議，許諾，提醒，表示焦慮，表示驚奇，表示喜悅等三十余項(xiàng)。2情景場所部分：包括談?wù)撎鞖?，購物，問路和?yīng)答，問時(shí)間、日期和應(yīng)答，就餐，打電話，傳遞信息，看病，求救，語言困難，標(biāo)志和說明等十余項(xiàng)?！窘谭ㄖ敢颗囵B(yǎng)交際能力是英語教學(xué)的目的，也是英語考試的目標(biāo)。情景交際屬“語言功能和話題”考核項(xiàng)目，分析近五年來的高考試題，高考情景對話比重加大。近年來高考英語知識運(yùn)用題逐漸加大了交際英語中情景對話的比重，能較全面考查學(xué)生利用英語進(jìn)行交際的能力，并考查學(xué)生對講英語國家的社會(huì)代化背景的了解情況。高考英語試題中，單項(xiàng)選擇題越來越注重對情景交流用語的考查，越發(fā)強(qiáng)調(diào)對交

3、流能力的測試。情景會(huì)話用語主要考查教學(xué)大綱中所規(guī)定的常用會(huì)話套語?？疾榈姆绞揭詰?yīng)答為主，提問為輔;以中英代化差異明顯的語言交流項(xiàng)目為重點(diǎn)考查對象，該類試題體現(xiàn)了以情景為條件，以對話為主要表達(dá)形式，而且既短小又靈活，前言后語連接緊湊，答語多呈現(xiàn)省略等特點(diǎn)，這就增加了答案的隱蔽性，給考生的選擇帶來了一定的難度；眾所周知，歷屆高考英語科試題的命制都要遵循穩(wěn)定性和連續(xù)性的原則，英語知識運(yùn)用的命制原則為：1、語言必須放在實(shí)際的并盡可能不同的情景中運(yùn)用；2、 語言必須適合具體的交際行為；3、考核的焦點(diǎn)在于是否達(dá)到交際的目的；4、語言交際行為除了需要語言能力外，還需要代化等其他的能力；從這些命題原則我們可以

4、看出全國各地的高考英語遵循了以上原則的。英語的交際性和實(shí)用性是高考考查的熱點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，因此教師在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)備考中，應(yīng)該把英語的交際性作為備考的重點(diǎn)，因此，高考英語備考既要掌握詞匯、語法和閱讀等方面的相應(yīng)知識，更要在理解特定的語言情景下如何恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂玫氐赖挠⒄Z表達(dá)習(xí)慣來交流思想、傳遞信息， 教師要求考生應(yīng)特別注意對中西方代化知識的了解，通過與中國代化的對照，積累認(rèn)識，養(yǎng)成用地道的英語對生活中各種常見問題進(jìn)行提問和作答的交際習(xí)慣，所以我們必須加大對交際用語中的情景對話的研究，以期做到游刃有余。 【知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)】 情景交際的用法1.問候： A:Good morning/afternoon/evening

5、. Hello/Hi. How do you do ? Nice to meet you. B:回答相同 A:How are you? B:Fine, thank you.And you? Very well,thank you. 2.介紹： This is Mr/Mrs/Miss. I'd like you to meet my parents. My name is.I'm a student. 3.告別 A:Goodbye.See you later/tomorrow. Good night.B:回答相同4.感謝和應(yīng)答 表示感謝 通常回答 Thank you very m

6、uch. Not at all. Thanks a lot. That's OK. Many thanks. That's all right. Thanks for helping me. You're welcome. 5.祝愿、祝賀和應(yīng)答 A:Good luck! Best wishes to you. Have a nice/good time/journey. Congratulations! B:Thank you.A:Happy New Year! Merry Christmas! B:The same to you. A:Happy birthday t

7、o you. B:Thank you. 6.道歉和應(yīng)答 A:I'm sorry.I'm sorry to trouble you. B:It doesn't matter. It's not important. That's nothing. 7.遺憾和同情 What a pity!I'm sorry to hear that. 8.邀請和應(yīng)答 A:Would you like to ? B:Yes, I'd love to. 9.提供幫助和應(yīng)答 A:Can I help you?=What can I do for you?Here,

8、 take this/my bike.Let me do it for you.B:Thanks for your help. Yes, please. No, thanks.That's very kind of you. 10.請求允許 A:May I.? Can I/Could I.? B:Yes/Certainly/Of course. Yes, do please. OK/All right. A:Do you mind if I open the window? B:No, not at all. 或Never mind. 11.表示同意和不同意 (1):Certainly

9、/Sure/Of course.Yes, please. Yes, I think so. All right/OK. That's a good idea. I agree with you. (2):No, I don't think so. I'm afraid not. I really can't agree with you. 12.表示肯定和不肯定 1: I'm sure. I'm sure that. 2: I'm not sure. I'm not sure whether/if. Maybe. 13.喜歡和厭惡

10、 1: I like /love.(very much) I like /love to. 2: I don't like to. I hate to . 14. 問時(shí)間、日期的應(yīng)答 A:What day is it? B:It's Monday.A:What's the date?B:It's Jan. 10th.A:What's the time,please? B:It's five o'clock/half past five. It's time to . 15.請求 (1): Can/could you.for me?

11、 Will/would you please do sth.? May I have.? (2): Please give/pass me. Please20勸告和建議I think you ought to我想你應(yīng)該If I were you, Id如果我是你，我會(huì)It might be a good idea if you如果你這倒是個(gè)好主意。Have you ever thought of? 你是否想過要？I recommend that我建議I strongly advise you to我極力主張你You really ought to你的確應(yīng)該P(yáng)ersonally, I think

12、 youd better依我看，你最好Why not do? 為什么不？Why dont you do? 你為什么不？I suggest that我建議What about doing? 怎么樣？How about doing? 怎么樣？Shall we? 我們?nèi)ズ脝?？Lets, shall we? 讓我們?nèi)ズ脝?？You need (to)你需要21禁止和警告You cant你不能You mustnt你不能Youd better not你最好不Dont不要Take care! 當(dāng)心！Be careful! 當(dāng)心！Look out! 當(dāng)心！If you, you will如果你，你將You ar

13、e not allowed to不允許你16. 打電話：This is(speaking). 我是（一般不說I am）It is here. 我是May I speak to , please? 請找接電話好嗎？Can I speak to , please? 請找接電話好嗎？Could I speak to , please? 請找接電話好嗎？Id like to speak to, please. 請找接電話好嗎？Whos that (speaking / calling)? 你是誰？（不說Who are you?）Is that (speaking)? 你是嗎？Is there? 在嗎？

14、Isin? 在嗎？Hold on, please. 請稍等。Hold the line, please.請稍等。Can I take a message? 你可以留個(gè)口信嗎？（對方要找的人不在時(shí)）Can you give/ leave a message? 你可以留個(gè)口信嗎？（對方要找的人不在時(shí)）Can/Could I ask who is calling? 請問您是哪位？May I have your telephone number? 您的電話號碼是多少？17. 購物：What can I do for you?您要買點(diǎn)什么？Can I help you?您要買點(diǎn)什么？Whats the

15、price of ?的價(jià)錢是多少？How much is? 多少錢？Its well worth the money. 很合算。Have you got anything a little cheaper? 有沒有比這便宜點(diǎn)的？How much does it come to? 總共多少錢？How much is it altogether? 總共多少錢？Try it for size. 試試大小。Will you show me? 請拿給我看？Have you got any? 你們有嗎？Its a bit too large (small, plain. gaudy etc.) for m

16、e. 這對于我來說太大（太小，太素，太花哨等）了。Thats fine. Ill take it. 那好，我買了。Thats too expensive, Im afraid. 恐怕那太貴了。What colour do you want? 你要什么顏色？What size do you want? 你要什么尺寸的？Do you have any other kind? 你們有別的種類嗎？Id like我要I want我要18. 問路和應(yīng)答：Excuse me. Wheres ? 勞駕，在什么地方？Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to? 勞駕，你能告訴我去

17、的路嗎？How can I get to? 我怎樣去？Go down this street. 順著這條街走。Turn right at the first crossing. 在第一個(gè)十字路口向右拐。Turn left at the second crossing. 在第二個(gè)十字路口向左拐。Its aboutmetres from here. 離這里大約有米。Its only a ten-minute walk from here. 走十分鐘就到了。Go straight ahead till you see 一直往前走直到你看見19. 問時(shí)間、日期和應(yīng)答：What day is it to

18、day? 今天星期幾？Whats the date today? 今天是幾月幾號？What time is it? 幾點(diǎn)了？Whats the time, please? 請問現(xiàn)在是什么時(shí)間了？Excuse me. What time is it by your watch? 勞駕，你的表幾點(diǎn)了？Its Monday/ Tuesday, etc. 今天是星期一/星期二等。Its time for是的時(shí)候了。Its time to是的時(shí)候了。Its three oclock. 現(xiàn)在是三點(diǎn)。Its half past three. 現(xiàn)在是三點(diǎn)半。Its three thirty. 現(xiàn)在是三點(diǎn)半。I

19、ts a quarter to three. 現(xiàn)在是差一刻三點(diǎn)。20. 就餐：What would you like (to have)? 你想要吃什么？Would you like something to eat? 你想吃什么嗎？Would you like something to drink? 你想喝什么嗎？Id like我想要Would you like some more? 你想再來點(diǎn)兒嗎？Make yourself at home. 請隨便吃，別客氣。Its nice/ delicious/ unusual. 味道很好/ 很美味/ 很有特色。Help yourself to請隨便

20、吃Just a little, please. 請給我一點(diǎn)。Im full, thank you. 我吃飽了，謝謝。No more, thank you.夠了，謝謝。No, thank you. 不要了，謝謝。Do you take salt, or pepper? 你要鹽還是胡椒？No, I enjoyed it very much, but I wont have any more. 不，我很喜歡，可是我再也吃不下了。 看?。?1. 談?wù)撎鞖釽hats the weather like today? 今天天氣怎樣？How is the weather in? 的天氣如何？Whats the

21、 weather going to be like at the weekend? 周末的天氣如何？Its fine. 天晴。Its cloudy. 天陰。Its windy.有風(fēng)。Its rainy.有雨。Its rather warm today, isnt it? 今天很暖和，是不是？ 語言困難：Pardon? 請?jiān)僬f一遍？Please say that again. 請?jiān)僬f一遍。Please say that more slowly. 請?jiān)僬f慢一點(diǎn)。Would you please say that again? 請你再說一遍好嗎？Would you please say that m

22、ore slowly? 請你再說慢一點(diǎn)好嗎？What do you mean by? 是什么意思？Im sorry I cant follow you. 對不起，我聽不懂你的意思。Im sorry I know only a little English. 對不起，我只懂一點(diǎn)英語。22. 祝酒用語：Lets drink to讓我們?yōu)楦杀?。I now propose a toast to我提議為干杯。Id like to propose a toast to我提議為干杯。cheers 干杯23.看病，醫(yī)生用語：Whats wrong with you? =Whats the matter with you? =Whats your trouble? 你怎么了？Is there anything wrong with you? 你怎么了？Let me exam