流體力學(xué)英語(yǔ)詞匯翻譯

1、流體力學(xué)英語(yǔ)詞匯翻譯(1)流體動(dòng)力學(xué) fluid dynamics連續(xù)介質(zhì)力學(xué) mechanics of continuous media介質(zhì) medium流體質(zhì)點(diǎn) fluid particle無(wú)粘性流體 nonviscous fluid, inviscid fluid連續(xù)介質(zhì)假設(shè) continuous medium hypothesis流體運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué) fluid kinematics水靜力學(xué) hydrostatics液體靜力學(xué) hydrostatics支配方程 governing equation伯努利方程 Bernoulli equation伯努利定理 Bernonlli theorem畢奧-

2、薩伐爾定律 Biot-Savart law歐拉方程 Euler equation亥姆霍茲定理 Helmholtz theorem開(kāi)爾文定理 Kelvin theorem渦片 vortex sheet庫(kù)塔-茹可夫斯基條件 Kutta-Zhoukowski condition布拉休斯解 Blasius solution達(dá)朗貝爾佯廖 d'Alembert paradox雷諾數(shù) Reynolds number施特魯哈爾數(shù) Strouhal number隨體導(dǎo)數(shù) material derivative不可壓縮流體 incompressible fluid質(zhì)量守恒 conservation of

3、mass動(dòng)量守恒 conservation of momentum能量守恒 conservation of energy動(dòng)量方程 momentum equation能量方程 energy equation控制體積 control volume液體靜壓 hydrostatic pressure渦量擬能 enstrophy壓差 differential pressure流動(dòng) flow流線 stream line流面 stream surface流管 stream tube跡線 path, path line流場(chǎng) flow field流態(tài) flow regime流動(dòng)參量 flow parameter

4、流量 flow rate, flow discharge渦旋 vortex渦量 vorticity渦絲 vortex filament渦線 vortex line渦面 vortex surface渦層 vortex layer渦環(huán) vortex ring渦對(duì) vortex pair渦管 vortex tube渦街 vortex street卡門(mén)渦街 Karman vortex street馬蹄渦 horseshoe vortex對(duì)流渦胞 convective cell卷筒渦胞 roll cell渦 eddy渦粘性 eddy viscosity環(huán)流 circulation環(huán)量 circulati

5、on速度環(huán)量 velocity circulation偶極子 doublet, dipole駐點(diǎn) stagnation point總壓力 total pressure總壓頭 total head靜壓頭 static head總焓 total enthalpy能量輸運(yùn) energy transport速度剖面 velocity profile庫(kù)埃特流 Couette flow單相流 single phase flow單組份流 single-component flow均勻流 uniform flow非均勻流 nonuniform flow二維流 two-dimensional flow三維流 t

6、hree-dimensional flow準(zhǔn)定常流 quasi-steady flow非定常流 unsteady flow, non-steady flow暫態(tài)流 transient flow周期流 periodic flow振蕩流 oscillatory flow分層流 stratified flow無(wú)旋流 irrotational flow有旋流 rotational flow軸對(duì)稱(chēng)流 axisymmetric flow不可壓縮性 incompressibility不可壓縮流動(dòng) incompressible flow浮體 floating body定傾中心 metacenter阻力 dra

7、g, resistance減阻 drag reduction表面力 surface force表面張力 surface tension毛細(xì)管作用 capillarity來(lái)流 incoming flow自由流 free stream自由流線 free stream line外流 external flow進(jìn)口 entrance, inlet出口 exit, outlet擾動(dòng) disturbance, perturbation分布 distribution傳播 propagation色散 dispersion彌散 dispersion附加質(zhì)量 added mass ,associated mass

8、收縮 contraction鏡象法 image method無(wú)量綱參數(shù) dimensionless parameter幾何相似 geometric similarity運(yùn)動(dòng)相似 kinematic similarity動(dòng)力相似性 dynamic similarity平面流 plane flow勢(shì) potential勢(shì)流 potential flow速度勢(shì) velocity potential復(fù)勢(shì) complex potential復(fù)速度 complex velocity流函數(shù) stream function源 source匯 sink速度水頭 velocity head拐角流 corner f

9、low空泡流 cavity flow超空泡 supercavity超空泡流 supercavity flow空氣動(dòng)力學(xué) aerodynamics低速空氣動(dòng)力學(xué) low-speed aerodynamics高速空氣動(dòng)力學(xué) high-speed aerodynamics氣動(dòng)熱力學(xué) aerothermodynamics亞聲速流動(dòng) subsonic flow跨聲速流動(dòng) transonic flow超聲速流動(dòng) supersonic flow錐形流 conical flow楔流 wedge flow葉柵流 cascade flow非平衡流動(dòng) non-equilibrium flow細(xì)長(zhǎng)體 slender

10、body細(xì)長(zhǎng)度 slenderness鈍頭體 bluff body鈍體 blunt body翼型 airfoil翼弦 chord薄翼理論 thin-airfoil theory構(gòu)型 configuration后緣 trailing edge迎角 angle of attack失速 stall脫體激波 detached shock wave波阻 wave drag誘導(dǎo)阻力 induced drag誘導(dǎo)速度 induced velocity臨界雷諾數(shù) critical Reynolds number前緣渦 leading edge vortex附著渦 bound vortex約束渦 confine

11、d vortex氣動(dòng)中心 aerodynamic center氣動(dòng)力 aerodynamic force氣動(dòng)噪聲 aerodynamic noise氣動(dòng)加熱 aerodynamic heating離解 dissociation地面效應(yīng) ground effect氣體動(dòng)力學(xué) gas dynamics稀疏波 rarefaction wave熱狀態(tài)方程 thermal equation of state噴管 Nozzle普朗特-邁耶流 Prandtl-Meyer flow瑞利流 Rayleigh flow可壓縮流動(dòng) compressible flow可壓縮流體 compressible fluid絕

12、熱流 adiabatic flow非絕熱流 diabatic flow未擾動(dòng)流 undisturbed flow等熵流 isentropic flow勻熵流 homoentropic flow蘭金-于戈尼奧條件 Rankine-Hugoniot condition狀態(tài)方程 equation of state量熱狀態(tài)方程 caloric equation of state完全氣體 perfect gas拉瓦爾噴管 Laval nozzle馬赫角 Mach angle馬赫錐 Mach cone馬赫線 Mach line馬赫數(shù) Mach number馬赫波 Mach wave當(dāng)?shù)伛R赫數(shù) local

13、Mach number沖擊波 shock wave激波 shock wave正激波 normal shock wave斜激波 oblique shock wave頭波 bow wave附體激波 attached shock wave激波陣面 shock front激波層 shock layer壓縮波 compression wave反射 reflection折射 refraction散射 scattering衍射 diffraction繞射 diffraction出口壓力 exit pressure超壓強(qiáng) over pressure反壓 back pressure爆炸 explosion爆轟

14、detonation緩燃 deflagration水動(dòng)力學(xué) hydrodynamics液體動(dòng)力學(xué) hydrodynamics泰勒不穩(wěn)定性 Taylor instability蓋斯特納波 Gerstner wave斯托克斯波 Stokes wave瑞利數(shù) Rayleigh number自由面 free surface波速 wave speed, wave velocity波高 wave height波列 wave train波群 wave group波能 wave energy表面波 surface wave表面張力波 capillary wave規(guī)則波 regular wave不規(guī)則波 irr

15、egular wave淺水波 shallow water wave深水波 deep water wave重力波 gravity wave橢圓余弦波 cnoidal wave潮波 tidal wave涌波 surge wave破碎波 breaking wave船波 ship wave非線性波 nonlinear wave孤立子 soliton水動(dòng)力噪聲 hydrodynamic noise水擊 water hammer空化 cavitation空化數(shù) cavitation number空蝕 cavitation damage超空化流 supercavitating flow水翼 hydrofoi

16、l水力學(xué) hydraulics洪水波 flood wave漣漪 ripple消能 energy dissipation海洋水動(dòng)力學(xué) marine hydrodynamics謝齊公式 Chezy formula歐拉數(shù) Euler number弗勞德數(shù) Froude number水力半徑 hydraulic radius水力坡度 hvdraulic slope高度水頭 elevating head水頭損失 head loss水位 water level水躍 hydraulic jump含水層 aquifer排水 drainage排放量 discharge壅水曲線 back water curve壓

17、強(qiáng)水頭 pressure head過(guò)水?dāng)嗝?flow cross-section明槽流 open channel flow孔流 orifice flow無(wú)壓流 free surface flow有壓流 pressure flow緩流 subcritical flow急流 supercritical flow漸變流 gradually varied flow急變流 rapidly varied flow臨界流 critical flow異重流 density current, gravity flow堰流 weir flow摻氣流 aerated flow含沙流 sediment-laden s

18、tream降水曲線 dropdown curve沉積物 sediment, deposit沉降堆積 sedimentation, deposition沉降速度 settling velocity流動(dòng)穩(wěn)定性 flow stability不穩(wěn)定性 instability奧爾-索末菲方程 Orr-Sommerfeld equation渦量方程 vorticity equation泊肅葉流 Poiseuille flow奧辛流 Oseen flow剪切流 shear flow粘性流動(dòng) viscous flow層流 laminar flow分離流 separated flow二次流 secondary

19、flow近場(chǎng)流 near field flow遠(yuǎn)場(chǎng)流 far field flow滯止流 stagnation flow尾流 wake flow回流 back flow反流 reverse flow射流 jet自由射流 free jet管流 pipe flow, tube flow內(nèi)流 internal flow擬序結(jié)構(gòu) coherent structure猝發(fā)過(guò)程 bursting process表觀粘度 apparent viscosity運(yùn)動(dòng)粘性 kinematic viscosity動(dòng)力粘性 dynamic viscosity泊 poise厘泊 centipoise厘沱 centist

20、oke剪切層 shear layer次層 sublayer流動(dòng)分離 flow separation層流分離 laminar separation湍流分離 turbulent separation分離點(diǎn) separation point附著點(diǎn) attachment point再附 reattachment再層流化 relaminarization起動(dòng)渦 starting vortex駐渦 standing vortex渦旋破碎 vortex breakdown渦旋脫落 vortex shedding壓力降 pressure drop壓差阻力 pressure drag壓力能 pressure e

21、nergy型阻 profile drag滑移速度 slip velocity無(wú)滑移條件 non-slip condition壁剪應(yīng)力 skin friction, frictional drag壁剪切速度 friction velocity磨擦損失 friction loss磨擦因子 friction factor耗散 dissipation滯后 lag相似性解 similar solution局域相似 local similarity氣體潤(rùn)滑 gas lubrication液體動(dòng)力潤(rùn)滑 hydrodynamic lubrication漿體 slurry泰勒數(shù) Taylor number納維-

22、斯托克斯方程 Navier-Stokes equation牛頓流體 Newtonian fluid邊界層理論 boundary later theory邊界層方程 boundary layer equation邊界層 boundary layer附面層 boundary layer層流邊界層 laminar boundary layer湍流邊界層 turbulent boundary layer溫度邊界層 thermal boundary layer邊界層轉(zhuǎn)捩 boundary layer transition邊界層分離 boundary layer separation邊界層厚度 bound

23、ary layer thickness位移厚度 displacement thickness 流體力學(xué)英語(yǔ)詞匯翻譯(2)動(dòng)量厚度 momentum thickness能量厚度 energy thickness焓厚度 enthalpy thickness注入 injection吸出 suction泰勒渦 Taylor vortex速度虧損律 velocity defect law形狀因子 shape factor測(cè)速法 anemometry粘度測(cè)定法 viscosi metry流動(dòng)顯示 flow visualization油煙顯示 oil smoke visualization孔板流量計(jì) ori

24、fice meter頻率響應(yīng) frequency response油膜顯示 oil film visualization陰影法 shadow method紋影法 schlieren method煙絲法 smoke wire method絲線法 tuft method氫泡法 nydrogen bubble method相似理論 similarity theory相似律 similarity law部分相似 partial similarity定理 pi theorem, Buckingham theorem靜態(tài)校準(zhǔn) static calibration動(dòng)態(tài)校準(zhǔn) dynamic calibrati

25、on風(fēng)洞 wind tunnel激波管 shock tube激波管風(fēng)洞 shock tube wind tunnel水洞 water tunnel拖曳水池 towing tank旋臂水池 rotating arm basin擴(kuò)散段 diffuser測(cè)壓孔 pressure tap皮托管 pitot tube普雷斯頓管 preston tube斯坦頓管 Stanton tube文丘里管 Venturi tubeU形管 U-tube壓強(qiáng)計(jì) manometer微壓計(jì) micromanometer多管壓強(qiáng)計(jì) multiple manometer靜壓管 static pressuretube流速計(jì) an

26、emometer風(fēng)速管 Pitot- static tube激光多普勒測(cè)速計(jì) laser Doppler anemometer, laser Doppler velocimeter熱線流速計(jì) hot-wire anemometer熱膜流速計(jì) hot- film anemometer流量計(jì) flow meter粘度計(jì) viscosi meter渦量計(jì) vorticity meter傳感器 transducer, sensor壓強(qiáng)傳感器 pressure transducer熱敏電阻 thermistor示蹤物 tracer時(shí)間線 time line脈線 streak line尺度效應(yīng) scale

27、 effect壁效應(yīng) wall effect堵塞 blockage堵寒效應(yīng) blockage effect動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng) dynamic response響應(yīng)頻率 response frequency底壓 base pressure菲克定律 Fick law巴塞特力 Basset force埃克特?cái)?shù) Eckert number格拉斯霍夫數(shù) Grashof number努塞特?cái)?shù) Nusselt number普朗特?cái)?shù) prandtl number雷諾比擬 Reynolds analogy施密特?cái)?shù) schmidt number斯坦頓數(shù) Stanton number對(duì)流 convection自由對(duì)流 nat

28、ural convection, free convec-tion強(qiáng)迫對(duì)流 forced convection熱對(duì)流 heat convection質(zhì)量傳遞 mass transfer傳質(zhì)系數(shù) mass transfer coefficient熱量傳遞 heat transfer傳熱系數(shù) heat transfer coefficient對(duì)流傳熱 convective heat transfer輻射傳熱 radiative heat transfer動(dòng)量交換 momentum transfer能量傳遞 energy transfer傳導(dǎo) conduction熱傳導(dǎo) conductive hea

29、t transfer熱交換 heat exchange臨界熱通量 critical heat flux濃度 concentration擴(kuò)散 diffusion擴(kuò)散性 diffusivity擴(kuò)散率 diffusivity擴(kuò)散速度 diffusion velocity分子擴(kuò)散 molecular diffusion沸騰 boiling蒸發(fā) evaporation氣化 gasification凝結(jié) condensation成核 nucleation計(jì)算流體力學(xué) computational fluid mechanics多重尺度問(wèn)題 multiple scale problem伯格斯方程 Burger

30、s equation對(duì)流擴(kuò)散方程 convection diffusion equationKDU方程 KDV equation修正微分方程 modified differential equation拉克斯等價(jià)定理 Lax equivalence theorem數(shù)值模擬 numerical simulation大渦模擬 large eddy simulation數(shù)值粘性 numerical viscosity非線性不穩(wěn)定性 nonlinear instability希爾特穩(wěn)定性分析 Hirt stability analysis相容條件 consistency conditionCFL條件

31、Courant- Friedrichs- Lewy condition ,CFL condition狄里克雷邊界條件 Dirichlet boundary condition熵條件 entropy condition遠(yuǎn)場(chǎng)邊界條件 far field boundary condition流入邊界條件 inflow boundary condition無(wú)反射邊界條件 nonreflecting boundary condition數(shù)值邊界條件 numerical boundary condition流出邊界條件 outflow boundary condition馮.諾伊曼條件 von Neuma

32、nn condition近似因子分解法 approximate factorization method人工壓縮 artificial compression人工粘性 artificial viscosity邊界元法 boundary element method配置方法 collocation method能量法 energy method有限體積法 finite volume method流體網(wǎng)格法 fluid in cell method, FLIC method通量校正傳輸法 flux-corrected transport method通量矢量分解法 flux vector spli

33、tting method伽遼金法 Galerkin method積分方法 integral method標(biāo)記網(wǎng)格法 marker and cell method, MAC method特征線法 method of characteristics直線法 method of lines矩量法 moment method多重網(wǎng)格法 multi- grid method板塊法 panel method質(zhì)點(diǎn)網(wǎng)格法 particle in cell method, PIC method質(zhì)點(diǎn)法 particle method預(yù)估校正法 predictor-corrector method投影法 projec

34、tion method準(zhǔn)譜法 pseudo-spectral method隨機(jī)選取法 random choice method激波捕捉法 shock-capturing method激波擬合法 shock-fitting method譜方法 spectral method稀疏矩陣分解法 split coefficient matrix method不定常法 time-dependent method時(shí)間分步法 time splitting method變分法 variational method渦方法 vortex method隱格式 implicit scheme顯格式 explicit s

35、cheme交替方向隱格式 alternating direction implicit scheme, ADI scheme反擴(kuò)散差分格式 anti-diffusion difference scheme緊差分格式 compact difference scheme守恒差分格式 conservation difference scheme克蘭克-尼科爾森格式 Crank-Nicolson scheme杜福特-弗蘭克爾格式 Dufort-Frankel scheme指數(shù)格式 exponential scheme戈本諾夫格式 Godunov scheme高分辨率格式 high resolution

36、 scheme拉克斯-溫德羅夫格式 Lax-Wendroff scheme蛙跳格式 leap-frog scheme單調(diào)差分格式 monotone difference scheme保單調(diào)差分格式 monotonicity preserving difference scheme穆曼-科爾格式 Murman-Cole scheme半隱格式 semi-implicit scheme斜迎風(fēng)格式 skew-upstream scheme全變差下降格式 total variation decreasing scheme TVD scheme迎風(fēng)格式 upstream scheme , upwind s

37、cheme計(jì)算區(qū)域 computational domain物理區(qū)域 physical domain影響域 domain of influence依賴(lài)域 domain of dependence區(qū)域分解 domain decomposition維數(shù)分解 dimensional split物理解 physical solution弱解 weak solution黎曼解算子 Riemann solver守恒型 conservation form弱守恒型 weak conservation form強(qiáng)守恒型 strong conservation form散度型 divergence form貼體曲

38、線坐標(biāo) body- fitted curvilinear coordi-nates自適應(yīng)網(wǎng)格 self- adaptive mesh適應(yīng)網(wǎng)格生成 adaptive grid generation自動(dòng)網(wǎng)格生成 automatic grid generation數(shù)值網(wǎng)格生成 numerical grid generation交錯(cuò)網(wǎng)格 staggered mesh網(wǎng)格雷諾數(shù) cell Reynolds number數(shù)植擴(kuò)散 numerical diffusion數(shù)值耗散 numerical dissipation數(shù)值色散 numerical dispersion數(shù)值通量 numerical flux

39、放大因子 amplification factor放大矩陣 amplification matrix阻尼誤差 damping error離散渦 discrete vortex熵通量 entropy flux熵函數(shù) entropy function分步法 fractional step method廣義連續(xù)統(tǒng)力學(xué) generalized continuum mechanics簡(jiǎn)單物質(zhì) simple material純力學(xué)物質(zhì) purely mechanical material微分型物質(zhì) material of differential type積分型物質(zhì) material of integra

40、l type混合物組份 constituents of a mixture非協(xié)調(diào)理論 incompatibility theory微極理論 micropolar theory決定性原理 principle of determinism等存在原理 principle of equipresence局部作用原理 principle of objectivity客觀性原理 principle of objectivity電磁連續(xù)統(tǒng)理論 theory of electromagnetic continuum內(nèi)時(shí)理論 endochronic theory非局部理論 nonlocal theory混合物理

41、論 theory of mixtures里夫林-矣里克森張量 Rivlin-Ericksen tensor聲張量 acoustic tensor半向同性張量 hemitropic tensor各向同性張量 isotropic tensor應(yīng)變張量 strain tensor伸縮張量 stretch tensor連續(xù)旋錯(cuò) continuous dislination連續(xù)位錯(cuò) continuous dislocation動(dòng)量矩平衡 angular momentum balance余本構(gòu)關(guān)系 complementary constitutive relations共旋導(dǎo)數(shù) co-rotational

42、 derivative, Jaumann derivative非完整分量 anholonomic component爬升效應(yīng) climbing effect協(xié)調(diào)條件 compatibility condition錯(cuò)綜度 complexity當(dāng)時(shí)構(gòu)形 current configuration能量平衡 energy balance變形梯度 deformation gradient有限彈性 finite elasticity熵增 entropy production標(biāo)架無(wú)差異性 frame indifference彈性勢(shì) elastic potential熵不等式 entropy inequali

43、ty極分解 polar decomposition低彈性 hypoelasticity參考構(gòu)形 reference configuration響應(yīng)泛函 response functional動(dòng)量平衡 momentum balance奇異面 singular surface貯能函數(shù) stored-energy function內(nèi)部約束 internal constraint物理分量 physical components本原元 primitive element普適變形 universal deformation速度梯度 velocity gradient測(cè)粘流動(dòng) viscometric flo

44、w當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)數(shù) local derivative巖石力學(xué) rock mechanics原始巖體應(yīng)力 virgin rock stress構(gòu)造應(yīng)力 tectonic stress三軸壓縮試驗(yàn) three-axial compression test三軸拉伸試驗(yàn) three-axial tensile test三軸試驗(yàn) triaxial test巖層靜態(tài)應(yīng)力 lithostatic stress呂榮 lugeon地壓強(qiáng) geostatic pressure水力劈裂 hydraulic fracture咬合作用 interlocking內(nèi)稟抗剪強(qiáng)度 intrinsic shear strength循環(huán)抗

45、剪強(qiáng)度 cyclic shear strength殘余抗剪強(qiáng)度 residual shear strength土力學(xué) soil mechanics孔隙比 void ratio內(nèi)磨擦角 angle of internal friction休止角 angle of repose孔隙率 porosity圍壓 ambient pressure滲透系數(shù) coefficient of permeability抗剪切角 angle of shear resistance滲流力 seepage force表觀粘聚力 apparent cohesion粘聚力 cohesion稠度 consistency固結(jié) consolidation主固結(jié) primary consolidation次固結(jié) secondary consolidation固結(jié)儀 consolidometer浮升力 uplift擴(kuò)容 dilatancy有效應(yīng)力 effective stress絮凝作用 flocculat