高考英語(yǔ)最近5年全國(guó)卷真題語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)(10頁(yè))

1、高考英語(yǔ)最近5年全國(guó)卷真題語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)一.考點(diǎn)概述：本考點(diǎn)在歷年的高考題中是必考點(diǎn)，主要考查根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境如 何正確運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)及被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，重點(diǎn)考察現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)，一般過(guò) 去時(shí)等，考查形式：語(yǔ)法填空和短文改錯(cuò)；其次就是在閱讀理解和完型填 空上句子的含義理解等二.考點(diǎn)聚焦高考中需要掌握的是八大基本時(shí)態(tài)，加上將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)如：will bedoing及現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have/has been doing;對(duì)于的時(shí)態(tài)的掌握，主要 是從兩個(gè)方面來(lái)把握即時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)詞三.考點(diǎn)精講1 . 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示是頻率，每天要做的事，也可表示客觀的真理結(jié)構(gòu)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 do/does（do指的是句子的

2、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是原形，does指的是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是三單線）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are +done（過(guò)去分詞）時(shí)間的副詞： every day; always; often 等例如：I play football every day.He always watches TV.注意：該時(shí)態(tài)歷年在改錯(cuò)中經(jīng)?？祭纾?I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistakes as well.

3、" （2018 年全國(guó) 3） 解析：通過(guò)觀察，打引號(hào)的部分是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，連詞and并列的是一個(gè)句子，thatinclude learning from textbooks, and mistakes as well.所以 include 改為 includes2 . 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去的事情、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常與表示過(guò)去具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用（或有上下文語(yǔ)境暗示）；結(jié)構(gòu)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是did （did指的是句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去式）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+done時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)詞：yesterday; last + 時(shí)間（month , week 等）;five years ago; just n

4、ow 等例如：I watched TV last night.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and （be）too violent for use at the table. （2016 年全國(guó) 3）解析：孔子認(rèn)為刀會(huì)使人們想起殺戮，并且在餐桌上使用太暴力了。根據(jù)判斷該句都是過(guò)去時(shí)，所以這里填過(guò)去式，其主語(yǔ)是 knives,故填were;3 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話的時(shí)候此刻正在發(fā)生的事結(jié)構(gòu)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 am/is/are+doing被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+being done時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)詞：now ; r

5、ight now; at this time;at this moment 等例如：He is repiring the bike now.變?yōu)楸粍?dòng) The bike is being repaired by him now.4 .過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在發(fā)生的事情結(jié)構(gòu)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 was/were +doing被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)： was/were +being done時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)詞：at+ 時(shí)間點(diǎn) last night ; at that time;at that moment等例如：I was watching TV at 8:00 last night.5 . 一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示未來(lái)要發(fā)

6、生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。(參考點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在)結(jié)構(gòu)： 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是： will do sth 或 be going to do sth;被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)： will be done 或 am/is/are going to be done時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)詞：tomorrow; next + 時(shí)間(week,year,month ) ;in + 時(shí)間段等例如：I will be back in five days.I am going to repair the bike tomorrow.變?yōu)楸粍?dòng) The bike is going to be repaired by me tomorrow.6 .過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示過(guò)去的某

7、個(gè)點(diǎn)將要發(fā)生的事情（參考點(diǎn)是過(guò)去）結(jié)構(gòu)： 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 would do sth 或 was/were going to do sth;被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)： would be done 或 was/were going to be done時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)詞：一般是跟when ; if等連接的句子出現(xiàn)較多例如：I felt nervous because I would leave home for the first time.7 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響結(jié)構(gòu)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 have/has done被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has been done時(shí)間將狀語(yǔ)詞；for+時(shí)間段；since+

8、時(shí)間點(diǎn)/句子；so far ； in the past+時(shí)間段等例如：I have studied English since 2015注意：該點(diǎn)是高考中經(jīng)?？疾榈牡胤嚼纾篒 love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I （make） over the years. （2019 年全國(guó) 2）解析：我喜歡這里，喜歡看我的家人和我已經(jīng)較為了很多年的朋友。over theyears表示段時(shí)間，故填 have made 。8 .過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)動(dòng)作對(duì)過(guò)去的影響（過(guò)去的過(guò)去）結(jié)構(gòu)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 had done被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)

9、：had been done時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)詞：by the time ; by the end of + 時(shí)間等例如：By the end of 2018 I had studied English for 2 years.9 .將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在發(fā)生的事情結(jié)構(gòu)：will be doing例如：I will be visiting Beijing this time next week.10 .現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has been done2015年一2019年全國(guó)卷語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法填空1. It was raining lightly when I（arrive ） in Y

10、angshuo just before dawn.（2015 年全國(guó) 1）解析；根據(jù)本句的It was raining l可知為過(guò)去時(shí)，故填arrived ;2. So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I （allow） to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.（2016 年全國(guó) 1）解析：根據(jù)本句it

11、wasagreathonour 表示過(guò)去時(shí)，加上I和allow之間是 被動(dòng)，故填 was allowed。3. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is,(make) sure it ' sa relief from daily stress rathnem another thing to worry about. (2016 年全國(guó) 2)解析：本句是考查祈使句，因?yàn)?whatever it is,是從句，故填make。4. Truly elegant chopsticks mig

12、ht (make)of gold and silver with Chinesecharacters. (2016 年全國(guó) 3)解析:這些精美的筷子是由金銀所制作的。此句有表示被動(dòng)的含義，might是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，故填be made5. When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if ismissing something. (2017 年全國(guó) 1)解析： 根據(jù)本句 the food tastes as if is missing something. 表示一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且此空表示被動(dòng)，故填 are removed o6. Fa

13、st food (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food peoplewill get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. (2017 年全國(guó) 1)解析: 根據(jù) people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet ,可知是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填is；7. Steam engines(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairlyunpleasant

14、 for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. (2017 年全國(guó)2)解析： 根據(jù) it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers,表示對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)，所以填 were used。8. Later, engineers（manage） to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels （隧道）,which became known to the tube. （2017 年全國(guó) 2）解析： 由 which became known t

15、o the tube.可知表過(guò)去，故填 managed ;9. Sarah （tell） that she could be Britain' s new supermodel earninmillion dollars in the next year. （2017 年全國(guó) 3）解析：根據(jù) she could be Britain前permode去，故填wastold ;10. My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school（come） first. （2017 年全國(guó) 3）解析：根據(jù) My d

16、ad thinks I should take the offer now. 表示現(xiàn)在，故填 comes11. Diets have changed in China - and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country （grow） more corn than rice（2018 年全國(guó) 2）解析：根據(jù)Since 2011時(shí)間詞；考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故填 has grow；12. 15. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when thegovernmen

17、t（start） a soil-testing program that gives specificfertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by7.7 million tons. （2018 年全國(guó) 2）解析：根據(jù)between 2005時(shí)間詞，可判斷為過(guò)去時(shí)，故填 started ;13. 16. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them alive. True to a go

18、rilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal(mean)me no real harm. (2018 年全國(guó) 3)解析：根據(jù)the gorillas and I frightened each other,判斷出是過(guò)去時(shí)，故填meant;14. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements.(2019 年全國(guó) 1)解析：In recent years 表示現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間詞，故

19、填 have reported15. 18. Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. (2019 年全國(guó) 1)解析：根據(jù)three are declining,可知為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填 are19. Picking up her “ Lifetime Achievement ” award, proud(tateneare) she had no plans to

20、 retire from her 36-year-old business. (2019 年全國(guó) 2)解析： 根據(jù) had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 可知表示過(guò)去 時(shí)，故填 declared o21. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and (recommend ) wonderful places to eat , shop, and visit. (2019 年全國(guó) 3)解析: 根據(jù) Our hosts shared many of their experienc

21、es表過(guò)去時(shí)，故填recommended22. On the last day of our week-long stay , we (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars. (2019 年全國(guó)3解析：On the last day of our week-long stay表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間詞，故填 wereinvited ;短文改錯(cuò)1. When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I

22、 would be happy there. （2015 年全國(guó) 1）2. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become avery serious problem. （2015 年全國(guó) 1）3. Tony was scared and begun to cry. （ 2015 年全國(guó) 2）4. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. （ 2015 年全國(guó)2）5. I thought that it is a go

23、od idea. It does not cost much, yet we can still learn a lot. （ 2016 年全國(guó) 2）6. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. （ 2016 年全國(guó)3）7. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor butonce I started the car, my mind goes blank.（2017 年全國(guó) 1）8. When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the vegetables ！ （2017 年全國(guó) 2）9. When I look at this picture of myself ， I realize how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years. （ 2017 年 全國(guó)3）10. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second ye