高考英語最近5年全國卷真題語法專項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)(10頁)

1、高考英語最近5年全國卷真題語法專項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)一.考點(diǎn)概述：本考點(diǎn)在歷年的高考題中是必考點(diǎn)，主要考查根據(jù)具體的語境如 何正確運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)及被動語態(tài)，重點(diǎn)考察現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)，一般過 去時(shí)等，考查形式：語法填空和短文改錯(cuò)；其次就是在閱讀理解和完型填 空上句子的含義理解等二.考點(diǎn)聚焦高考中需要掌握的是八大基本時(shí)態(tài)，加上將來進(jìn)行時(shí)如：will bedoing及現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have/has been doing;對于的時(shí)態(tài)的掌握，主要 是從兩個(gè)方面來把握即時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)和時(shí)間狀語詞三.考點(diǎn)精講1 . 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示是頻率，每天要做的事，也可表示客觀的真理結(jié)構(gòu)：謂語動詞是 do/does（do指的是句子的

2、謂語動詞是原形，does指的是謂語動詞是三單線）被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are +done（過去分詞）時(shí)間的副詞： every day; always; often 等例如：I play football every day.He always watches TV.注意：該時(shí)態(tài)歷年在改錯(cuò)中經(jīng)?？祭纾?I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistakes as well.

3、" （2018 年全國 3） 解析：通過觀察，打引號的部分是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，連詞and并列的是一個(gè)句子，thatinclude learning from textbooks, and mistakes as well.所以 include 改為 includes2 . 一般過去時(shí)表示過去的事情、動作或狀態(tài)常與表示過去具體的時(shí)間狀語連用（或有上下文語境暗示）；結(jié)構(gòu)：謂語動詞是did （did指的是句子的謂語動詞是過去式）被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+done時(shí)間狀語詞：yesterday; last + 時(shí)間（month , week 等）;five years ago; just n

4、ow 等例如：I watched TV last night.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and （be）too violent for use at the table. （2016 年全國 3）解析：孔子認(rèn)為刀會使人們想起殺戮，并且在餐桌上使用太暴力了。根據(jù)判斷該句都是過去時(shí)，所以這里填過去式，其主語是 knives,故填were;3 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說話的時(shí)候此刻正在發(fā)生的事結(jié)構(gòu)：謂語動詞是 am/is/are+doing被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+being done時(shí)間狀語詞：now ; r

5、ight now; at this time;at this moment 等例如：He is repiring the bike now.變?yōu)楸粍?The bike is being repaired by him now.4 .過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在發(fā)生的事情結(jié)構(gòu)：謂語動詞是 was/were +doing被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)： was/were +being done時(shí)間狀語詞：at+ 時(shí)間點(diǎn) last night ; at that time;at that moment等例如：I was watching TV at 8:00 last night.5 . 一般將來時(shí)表示未來要發(fā)

6、生的動作或狀態(tài)。(參考點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在)結(jié)構(gòu)： 謂語動詞是： will do sth 或 be going to do sth;被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)： will be done 或 am/is/are going to be done時(shí)間狀語詞：tomorrow; next + 時(shí)間(week,year,month ) ;in + 時(shí)間段等例如：I will be back in five days.I am going to repair the bike tomorrow.變?yōu)楸粍?The bike is going to be repaired by me tomorrow.6 .過去將來時(shí)表示過去的某

7、個(gè)點(diǎn)將要發(fā)生的事情（參考點(diǎn)是過去）結(jié)構(gòu)： 謂語動詞是 would do sth 或 was/were going to do sth;被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)： would be done 或 was/were going to be done時(shí)間狀語詞：一般是跟when ; if等連接的句子出現(xiàn)較多例如：I felt nervous because I would leave home for the first time.7 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的某個(gè)動作對現(xiàn)在的影響結(jié)構(gòu)：謂語動詞是 have/has done被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has been done時(shí)間將狀語詞；for+時(shí)間段；since+

8、時(shí)間點(diǎn)/句子；so far ； in the past+時(shí)間段等例如：I have studied English since 2015注意：該點(diǎn)是高考中經(jīng)?？疾榈牡胤嚼纾篒 love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I （make） over the years. （2019 年全國 2）解析：我喜歡這里，喜歡看我的家人和我已經(jīng)較為了很多年的朋友。over theyears表示段時(shí)間，故填 have made 。8 .過去完成時(shí)表示過去的某個(gè)動作對過去的影響（過去的過去）結(jié)構(gòu)：謂語動詞是 had done被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)

9、：had been done時(shí)間狀語詞：by the time ; by the end of + 時(shí)間等例如：By the end of 2018 I had studied English for 2 years.9 .將來進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在發(fā)生的事情結(jié)構(gòu)：will be doing例如：I will be visiting Beijing this time next week.10 .現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has been done2015年一2019年全國卷語法專項(xiàng)語法填空1. It was raining lightly when I（arrive ） in Y

10、angshuo just before dawn.（2015 年全國 1）解析；根據(jù)本句的It was raining l可知為過去時(shí)，故填arrived ;2. So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I （allow） to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.（2016 年全國 1）解析：根據(jù)本句it

11、wasagreathonour 表示過去時(shí)，加上I和allow之間是 被動，故填 was allowed。3. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is,(make) sure it ' sa relief from daily stress rathnem another thing to worry about. (2016 年全國 2)解析：本句是考查祈使句，因?yàn)?whatever it is,是從句，故填make。4. Truly elegant chopsticks mig

12、ht (make)of gold and silver with Chinesecharacters. (2016 年全國 3)解析:這些精美的筷子是由金銀所制作的。此句有表示被動的含義，might是情態(tài)動詞，故填be made5. When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if ismissing something. (2017 年全國 1)解析： 根據(jù)本句 the food tastes as if is missing something. 表示一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且此空表示被動，故填 are removed o6. Fa

13、st food (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food peoplewill get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. (2017 年全國 1)解析: 根據(jù) people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet ,可知是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填is；7. Steam engines(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairlyunpleasant

14、 for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. (2017 年全國2)解析： 根據(jù) it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers,表示對過去的推測，所以填 were used。8. Later, engineers（manage） to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels （隧道）,which became known to the tube. （2017 年全國 2）解析： 由 which became known t

15、o the tube.可知表過去，故填 managed ;9. Sarah （tell） that she could be Britain' s new supermodel earninmillion dollars in the next year. （2017 年全國 3）解析：根據(jù) she could be Britain前permode去，故填wastold ;10. My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school（come） first. （2017 年全國 3）解析：根據(jù) My d

16、ad thinks I should take the offer now. 表示現(xiàn)在，故填 comes11. Diets have changed in China - and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country （grow） more corn than rice（2018 年全國 2）解析：根據(jù)Since 2011時(shí)間詞；考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故填 has grow；12. 15. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when thegovernmen

17、t（start） a soil-testing program that gives specificfertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by7.7 million tons. （2018 年全國 2）解析：根據(jù)between 2005時(shí)間詞，可判斷為過去時(shí)，故填 started ;13. 16. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them alive. True to a go

18、rilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal(mean)me no real harm. (2018 年全國 3)解析：根據(jù)the gorillas and I frightened each other,判斷出是過去時(shí)，故填meant;14. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements.(2019 年全國 1)解析：In recent years 表示現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間詞，故

19、填 have reported15. 18. Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. (2019 年全國 1)解析：根據(jù)three are declining,可知為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填 are19. Picking up her “ Lifetime Achievement ” award, proud(tateneare) she had no plans to

20、 retire from her 36-year-old business. (2019 年全國 2)解析： 根據(jù) had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 可知表示過去 時(shí)，故填 declared o21. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and (recommend ) wonderful places to eat , shop, and visit. (2019 年全國 3)解析: 根據(jù) Our hosts shared many of their experienc

21、es表過去時(shí)，故填recommended22. On the last day of our week-long stay , we (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars. (2019 年全國3解析：On the last day of our week-long stay表示過去的時(shí)間詞，故填 wereinvited ;短文改錯(cuò)1. When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I

22、 would be happy there. （2015 年全國 1）2. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become avery serious problem. （2015 年全國 1）3. Tony was scared and begun to cry. （ 2015 年全國 2）4. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. （ 2015 年全國2）5. I thought that it is a go

23、od idea. It does not cost much, yet we can still learn a lot. （ 2016 年全國 2）6. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. （ 2016 年全國3）7. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor butonce I started the car, my mind goes blank.（2017 年全國 1）8. When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the vegetables ！ （2017 年全國 2）9. When I look at this picture of myself ， I realize how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years. （ 2017 年 全國3）10. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second ye