初升高暑期銜接英語(yǔ)

1、 句子成分及基本句型 【句子的成分】 在英文中句子成分包括：主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)（直接賓語(yǔ)、間接賓語(yǔ)）、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等。（一）主語(yǔ)：主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)講述的對(duì)象，表示所說(shuō)的“是什么”或“是誰(shuí)”。一般由名詞、代詞、不定式或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)充當(dāng)。它在句首。如： （1）Lucy is a beautiful nurse. （名詞作主語(yǔ)） （2）He reads newspapers every day. （代詞作主語(yǔ)） （3）Smoking is harmful to the health. （動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)） （4）To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pl

2、easure.（不定式作主語(yǔ)） （5）What we should do is not yet decided. （主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)）（二）謂語(yǔ) 說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么樣”。謂語(yǔ)（謂語(yǔ)部分里主要的詞）必須是動(dòng)詞。謂語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)兩方面必須一致。它在主語(yǔ)后面。 如：His parents are teachers. （系動(dòng)詞和表語(yǔ)一起作謂語(yǔ)） We study hard. （行為動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)） We dont finish reading the book. （助動(dòng)詞和行為動(dòng)詞一起作謂語(yǔ)） He can speak English. （情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和行為動(dòng)詞一起作謂語(yǔ)）（三）賓語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)

3、是動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象，由名詞、代詞、不定式或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短語(yǔ)來(lái)?yè)?dān)任，它和及物動(dòng)詞一起說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)做什么。一般放在謂語(yǔ)之后。 She is doing her homework now.（名詞作賓語(yǔ)） She says（that）she is ill.（賓語(yǔ)從句作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)） We often help him.（代詞作賓語(yǔ)） He likes to play basketball.（不定式作賓語(yǔ)） We enjoy listening to the music. 我們喜歡聽音樂(lè)。（動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)） 說(shuō)明1：賓語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞涉及到的人或物，賓語(yǔ)一般放在及物動(dòng)詞之后。介詞后面的名詞或代詞或動(dòng)名詞，稱為

4、介詞賓語(yǔ)。名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞常在句中做動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)。另外，動(dòng)詞不定式可作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)；動(dòng)名詞和賓語(yǔ)從句也可用作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)。 說(shuō)明2：及物動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面要跟賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)分直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)。直接賓語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞的直接對(duì)象，直接賓語(yǔ)指物，間接賓語(yǔ)通常是及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作所及的人，間接賓語(yǔ)指人。間接賓語(yǔ)一般放在直接賓語(yǔ)之前。 不是所有的及物動(dòng)詞都可以用雙賓語(yǔ)。有的動(dòng)詞可以跟。如：give, show（給看），bring, pass, buy等。如：（1）Our teacher tells us a story. （2）The sun gives us light. 注意：間接賓語(yǔ)如果放在直接賓語(yǔ)之后，在表

5、示“人”的間接賓語(yǔ)之前會(huì)出現(xiàn)介詞“to”或“for”。間接賓語(yǔ)前加“to”的有：give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise（答應(yīng)）, refuse（拒絕）等。間接賓語(yǔ)加“for”的有：make, buy, do, get, play, order（命令）, sing, pay等I give him a book. I give a book to him. He will buy me some books. He will buy some books

6、for me.（四）賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 在賓語(yǔ)后面補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、特征的成分，稱為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)以及動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞等可用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)稱為復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。 如：They make her happy.（形容詞） I see her dance.（不定式） Well help you to make the Olympics a success.（名詞） Please let him in.（副詞） We heard her singing a song.（分詞短語(yǔ)）（五）表語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)“是什么”或者“怎么樣”，由名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞、不定式及相當(dāng)

7、于名詞或形容詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)?yè)?dān)任。它的位置在系動(dòng)詞后面。 如：I am a teacher.（名詞） He is always happy.（形容詞） They are on the playground now.（介詞短語(yǔ)） It gets cold.（形容詞） Be動(dòng)詞（am，is，are, was, were） 系動(dòng)詞 表保持（keep, stay, remain） 表改變（get， become， turn） 感官動(dòng)詞（feel，sound（聽起來(lái)），seem/look（看起來(lái)），taste（嘗起來(lái)），smell（聞起來(lái)）如：It sounds interesting.（sound為系動(dòng)詞，

8、interesting為表語(yǔ)） We should all remain careful. Remain（為系動(dòng)詞， careful為表語(yǔ)） （六）定語(yǔ) 定語(yǔ)是用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞的。形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不等式或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等。 單個(gè)詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在它所修飾的名詞之前。 如：The black bike is mine.（形容詞） Whats your name?（代詞） They make paper flowers.（名詞） 說(shuō)明1：當(dāng)定語(yǔ)修飾不定代詞：nothing, anything, everything, something等時(shí)，定語(yǔ)在不定代詞后面。 如

9、：I tell him something interesting. （形容詞interesting作不定代詞something的后置定語(yǔ)） He has something to do. （to do為不定式作后置定語(yǔ)） 說(shuō)明2：短語(yǔ)或從句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，也放在被修飾的名詞之后。 如：The boys in the room are in Class Four. （in the room是介詞短語(yǔ)作the boys的后置定語(yǔ)。）（七）狀語(yǔ) 修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞。一般表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、方式、程度等意義，一般由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示。狀語(yǔ)一般放在句末，但有的

10、可以放在句首、句中。 如：He did it carefully.（副詞） We often help him.（副詞） Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.（介詞短語(yǔ)） When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher.（從句作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)） He sits there.（副詞地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）【簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型】 A. 主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞(主謂) 如：The sun rises. 太陽(yáng)升起來(lái)。 The car stopped. 小汽車停下來(lái)了。 rise和stop都是不及物動(dòng)詞，因此后邊不必加賓語(yǔ)。

11、B. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)(主謂賓) 如：I love my country. He helps me. I like action movies. I buy a book. C. 主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)(主系表) 如：Her brother is a driver. We feel happy.（feel為系動(dòng)詞，表示感到） It gets dark.天黑了。（get為系動(dòng)詞，表示變得） Tom looks ill. Tom看上去病了。（look為系動(dòng)詞，表示看上去，看起來(lái)） D. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+雙賓語(yǔ)（直接賓語(yǔ)、間接賓語(yǔ)）(主謂+直賓+間賓) 如：He gives Tom a presen

12、t.（雙賓語(yǔ)） 他給湯姆一件禮物。 Mother make a new dress for me.（雙賓語(yǔ)） 媽媽為我做了一件衣服。 E. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)) 如：They call her Mary.（賓補(bǔ)） 他們叫她Mary。 We make our classroom clean and tidy.（賓補(bǔ)） 我們使我們的教室干凈而整齊。 He always makes us laugh.（賓補(bǔ)） 他總使我們笑。一、 典型例題寫出劃線部分的句子成分。 1. Lily is cleaning the desk now. 2. Her garden is th

13、e best in our town. 3. Liu Ming is thirteen years old. 4. I like this book very much. 5. The girl on the blue bike is Janes sister. 6. She didnt come to my party because she was ill. 7. Wang Ping does his homework carefully. 8. We will go to the Childrens Palace once a week. 9. They are in the class

14、room. 10. It sounds good. 11. His name is Paul. 12. We always go to school early.二、 課后練習(xí)(一) 挑出下列句中的賓語(yǔ) My brother doesn't do his homework.A B C D People all over the world speak English. A B C D You must pay good attention to y

15、our pronunciation. A B C D How many new words do you learn ? A B C D Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? A B C D(二) 挑出下列句中的表語(yǔ)  The old man is feeling very tired. A B C D Why is

16、0;he worried about Jim? A B C D The leaves have turned yellow. A B C D Soon They all become interested in the subject. A B C D She is the first to learn about it. A B C D(三) 挑出下列句中的定語(yǔ)  They use Mr. Mrs. wi

17、th the family name. A B C D What is your given name? A B C D On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. A B C D I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. A B C D The man downstairs was tr

18、ying to sleep.A B C D（四) 挑出下列句中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.A B C D He asks her to take the boy out of school.A B C D She find it difficult to do the work. A B C D They call&#

19、160;me Lily sometimes. A B C D I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B C D(五) 挑出下列句中的狀語(yǔ) There is a big smile on her face. A B C D Every night he heard the noise upstairs. A B C D He began to learn English when h

20、e was eleven.A B C D The man on the motorbike is traveling to fast.A B C D With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. A B C D(六) 劃出句中的直接賓語(yǔ)( )和間接賓語(yǔ)（ ） Please tell us a story. My father bought a new bike for me last week. Mr. Li is going to teach

21、us history next term. Here is a pen. Give it to Tom. Does he leave any message for me?主語(yǔ)從句subject clause一、主語(yǔ)從句的連詞分三類（1）從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句 （that / whether）that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句:引導(dǎo)詞that無(wú)含義/在句中不做成分/不可以省。That 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句通常用it 作形式主語(yǔ)。例如：你想獲得獎(jiǎng)牌看起來(lái)是不可能的。That she survived the accident is a miracle.（改為it形式主語(yǔ)）她在事故中幸免于難簡(jiǎn)直是奇跡。 

22、_whether 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句: whether有含義(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。我們明天是否在戶外開晚會(huì)要看天氣而定。Whether she is coming or not doesnt matter too much.她來(lái)或者不來(lái)無(wú)關(guān)緊要。（2） 用連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句 在由連接代詞who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句中，其連接代詞在句中起名詞性作用，擔(dān)當(dāng)一定成分.例如：你所需要的是更多的訓(xùn)練。 Whatever we do is to serve the p

23、eople.我們無(wú)論做什么都是為人民服務(wù)。注：whatever / whoever的功用whatever, whoever在主語(yǔ)從句中不含疑問(wèn)意義。它引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。如：Whoever breaks the law should be punished. Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. （3）用連接副詞when, where, why, how

24、引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句(其連接副詞有含義,在句中作狀語(yǔ)。)例如: Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasnt been made public.二、it 作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)為了考慮句子平衡，通常在主語(yǔ)從句處使用形式主語(yǔ)it，而將真正的主語(yǔ)從句移至句末。這分四種情況：(1) 對(duì)于以連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，通常用形式主語(yǔ)it替代主語(yǔ)從句：<a> It is +名詞+從句It is a fact that 事實(shí)是；It is good news that 是好消息；It is a question t

25、hat 是個(gè)問(wèn)題；It is common knowledge that 是常識(shí)類似的名詞還有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。鯨不是魚是一個(gè)常識(shí)。It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.（.不奇怪） <b> It is +形容詞+從句It is necessary that 有必要；It is clear that 很清楚；It is likely that 很可能；It is important that 重要的是類似的形容詞還有：strange

26、; natural; obvious; true; good; wonderful; possible; unlikely; quite; unusual; certain; evident; worth-while; surprising; interesting; astonishing, etc.It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.（明顯的是我們不能再這樣繼續(xù)下去）你有必要掌握電腦<c> It is +過(guò)去分詞+從句It is said that 據(jù)說(shuō)；It is reported that 據(jù)報(bào)道；It has

27、been proved that 已證明；It must be proved that 必須指出類似的過(guò)去分詞還有：known; estimated; expected; believed; thought; hoped; noted; discussed; required; decided; suggested; demanded; made clear; found out,etc.例如：據(jù)說(shuō)很多人在這次地震中喪生了It is said that many people was killed in the earthquake.<d> It seems（happened /

28、appears / doesnt matter / makes no difference / occurred ）that 主語(yǔ)從句不可提前It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not. (他是否參加會(huì)議都無(wú)關(guān)緊要） It does not matter that if I missed my train.(我有沒(méi)有錯(cuò)過(guò)火車都不重要）It happened that I saw him yesterday.(我昨天碰巧碰到他）(2) 對(duì)于以連接代詞(副詞)引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，可以使用形式主語(yǔ)代主語(yǔ)從句，也可直接在

29、句首使用主語(yǔ)從句：Whether they would support us was a problem. 他們是否會(huì)支持我們還是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。(改寫）(3) 對(duì)關(guān)系代詞型what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，通常直接將主語(yǔ)從句放在句首。如：What we need is money. 我們需要的是錢。What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是這一點(diǎn)。有時(shí)也可將助用形式主語(yǔ)。如：It is clear enough what he meant. 他是什么意思很清楚。(4) 如果句子是疑問(wèn)句，則必須用帶形式主語(yǔ)it的結(jié)構(gòu)：Is it true that he is the girls

30、 father? 他是那女孩的父親，是真的嗎？How is it that you are late again? 你怎么又遲到了？四、連詞that的省略問(wèn)題引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的連詞that 有時(shí)可省，有時(shí)不能省，其原則是：若that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句直接位于句首，則that不能省略；若that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句位于句末，而在句首使用了形式主語(yǔ)it，則that可以省略：That you didnt go to the talk was a pity. 很遺憾你沒(méi)去聽報(bào)告。(that可省/不可省)It was a pity (that) you didnt go to the talk. 很遺憾你沒(méi)去聽報(bào)告。

31、(that可省/不可省)鞏固提升1._ makes mistakes must correct them. A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. A. while B. that C. if D. for 3.When and why he came here _ yet. A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not known4. _ is no reason for d

32、ismissing her. A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late5. _ Tom liked to eat was different from _. A. Thatthat you had expected B. What that you had expected C. Thatwhat you had expected D. Whatwhat y

33、ou had expected6._ we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good. A. If.do B. That.do C. If.does D. That.does7.It _ Bob drives badly. A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that8.It's uncertain _ the experiment is worth doing. A. if B. that C. whether D. how9._ the boy did

34、n't take medicine made his mother angry. A. That B. What C. How D. Which10._ we can't get seems better than _ we have. A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what11._ you don't like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether12._ we'll go camping tomorro

35、w depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where13._is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee. A. That B. Why C. How D. Who14._we'll finish translating the book depends on the time. A. When B. Why C. What D. That15._he won't go there is clear to all of us. A. H

36、ow B. What C. Why D. This16._the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting. A. If B. Where C. That D. What17. ._you come or not is up to you. A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether18._makes mistakes must correct them. A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody19._team will win the match i

37、s a matter of public concern. A. Which B. That C. If D. How20._leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who賓語(yǔ)從句The Object Clause賓語(yǔ)從句的概念：賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句 +連詞（引導(dǎo)詞）+ 賓語(yǔ)從句1. I know him . （簡(jiǎn)單句） 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)2. I know who he is .（復(fù)合句） 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 連詞 從句主語(yǔ) 從句謂語(yǔ) 主

38、句 賓 語(yǔ) 從 句一、連詞（引導(dǎo)詞） 1. 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是陳述句時(shí)（包括肯定句和否定句），連詞由that引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)閠hat在從句中不作任何成分，也沒(méi)有任何具體意思，因此在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略v Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. v 她說(shuō)她不會(huì)參加下個(gè)星期天的運(yùn)動(dòng)運(yùn)。v Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.v He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster. 注： 在主句為動(dòng)詞be加某些形容詞（如s

39、orry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面所跟的省略that的從句也可算是賓語(yǔ)從句v Im sorry (that) I dont know .v Were sure (that) our team will win .v Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam . 2. 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)（口語(yǔ)中常用if），因?yàn)閕f/whether翻譯成：“是否”，具有一定的意義，所以不能省略v Lily 想要知道她奶奶是否喜歡這個(gè)手包。v Lets see if /whether we can find o

40、ut some information about that city .v She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books .v I wonder whether/if she remembered to come earlier. 只用whether不用if的情況：a. 放在句首時(shí) Whether he will come is not sure.b. 放在 be 等系動(dòng)詞之后 The problem is whether he will come.c. 放在介詞后 He is thinking about whether he

41、has shut the door.d. 和or not 連用 I dont know whether he will come or not.e. whether to do I am not sure whether to accept his invitation. 3. 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，由連接代詞（what, who, whom, which, whose）或連接副詞（when, where, how, why）引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)檫B接代詞或連接副詞在從句中擔(dān)任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義，所以不可以省略。v 你知道他剛剛說(shuō)什么了嗎?v I dont remember when we

42、 arrived .v I asked him where I could get so much money .v Please tell me who /whom we have to see .v Do you know what time the plane leaves ?帶how的詞組也都可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句v Could you tell us how much it costs to fly to Hainan ?v Could you tell us how long the meeting will last ?v Please tell us how many student

43、s there are in your school ?v Can you tell us how old his brother is ?v Please tell us how soon you will be ready .二、時(shí)態(tài)1. 如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài) （包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)），從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。v I know he lives here .v I know he lived here ten years ago . v I have heard that he will come tomorrow .2.如果主句是過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般

44、過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)），那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用相對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)， 過(guò)去完成時(shí)）v I saw she was talking with her mother. v He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. v He said that he had seen it .3.當(dāng)從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。v The teacher said that the sun travels around the earth .(1) I hear that Jim ( be )

45、 a worker two years ago. I hear that Jim ( be ) an English teacher now . I hear that Jim ( cook ) dinner tomorrow . I hear that Jim ( sing )a popular song now. I hear that Jim ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . I hear that Jim ( play ) basketball when his father came back. (2) He will go to Hong Kong

46、.- He said that he to Hong Kong . He is sick.- He said that he sick. He is reading a book .-He said that he a book . He has finished his work.- He said that he his work三、語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序用陳述語(yǔ)序：連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library .r His brother ask

47、s when will he go to the library . 2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what he wants to buy .r I dont know what does he want to buy .3. Who are we going to meet ? Can you tell me who we are going to meet ?r Can you tell me who are we going to meet ?4. Does he know French ? We want to know if/w

48、hether he knows French .r We want to know if/whether does he know French. 5. Will they go to Canada in summer ? Theyre not sure if /whether they will go to Canada in summer .r They re not sure if /whether will they go to Canada in summer . 注意事項(xiàng)1could / would是委婉語(yǔ)氣，不是過(guò)去式，因此賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況用不同時(shí)態(tài)。v Could y

49、ou please tell me where we show our tickets ?v Would you like to know when he will come back ?2. 如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是ask時(shí)，連詞不可能是that；如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是say時(shí)，連詞用thatv She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk .v He said (that) he was going to take care of the child .v He asks if I like playing the piano .v Y

50、ou may ask the man over there how you can get to the bus station .4. 連詞 if 和 when 在不同從句中的區(qū)別：v Do you know if _back next week ? If he _ back , please let me know . A. he comes , will come B. will he come , comes C. he will come , comes D. he will come , will come v I dont know when he _ (come) . I ca

51、nt wait here any more . When he _ (come) , would you please ask him to call me ?5. 連詞+賓語(yǔ)從句=連詞+to dov I dont know what I shall do next .=I dont know .v She didnt decide which one she would choose .=She didnt decide .v Please tell me whom youll give the letter to .=Please tell me .6. it 可以作為形式賓語(yǔ) it 不僅

52、可以作為形式主語(yǔ)，還可以作為形式賓語(yǔ)而真正的賓語(yǔ)that 從句則放在句尾，特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子中。v We heard it that she would get married next month. 我聽說(shuō)她下個(gè)朋就會(huì)結(jié)婚了。v 我認(rèn)為每天喝大量開水是有必要的7. 否定的轉(zhuǎn)移 若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的賓語(yǔ)從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語(yǔ)上，從句謂語(yǔ)用肯定式。（否定前移的條件是：主句主語(yǔ)時(shí)一人稱）v 我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。注意：這種句型的反義疑問(wèn)句，應(yīng)與從句主謂保持一致。v I don't think that you can do it, _? v We do