最新大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試閱讀習(xí)題訓(xùn)練

1、最新大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試閱讀習(xí)題訓(xùn)練task 1San Juan & Jamba Juice1. San JuanSan Juan, capital, largest city, chief port, and commercial and cultural center of Puerto Rico. The city is named after Saint John the Baptist (Spanish: San Juan Bautista). The latest census estimates place the city's population at 433,7

2、33, making it the 42nd-largest city under the jurisdiction of the United States. It is also the oldest European settlement in United States territory.Coffee, tobacco, sugar, and fruit are exported from the busy port, mainly to the United States. San Juan's industries include tourism, brewing, di

3、stilling, and publishing; manufactures include metal products, cement, and clothing. The city is Puerto Rico's financial center and has many international banks and business corporations. San Juan also has an international airport. The city's old section, situated on two rocky islets guardin

4、g one of the best harbors in the Caribbean, is linked by bridges with the mainland.The bay was named Puerto Rico (rich port) by Ponce de León, who in 1508 founded a settlement at nearby Caparra. In 1521 the settlement was moved across the bay to San Juan's present site. Strongly fortified,

5、it withstood attacks by English buccaneers in 1595 but succumbed for a few months in 1598 to George Clifford, earl of Cumberland, and was sacked by the Dutch in 1625. San Juan's port gained increasing importance during the 18th and 19th cent. U.S. troops occupied the city during the Spanish-Amer

6、ican War in 1898.In the old city, whose narrow streets, small shops, and houses with overhanging balconies recall a colonial atmosphere, there are impressive historic buildings: El Morro castle (begun 1539), which commands the harbor entrance and is a national monument; San Cristóbal castle (be

7、gun 1631), originally a Spanish fort; and La Fortaleza (begun 1529), a former fort now used as the governor's official residence. Other San Juan landmarks include San José Church (founded c.1523), the oldest church in continuous use in the Western Hemisphere; Casa Blanca (1523); and the Cat

8、hedral of San Juan Bautista, which contains the tomb of Ponce de León. Also in the city are the Univ. of Puerto Rico and its School of Tropical Medicine, the College of the Sacred Heart, a campus of the InterAmerican Univ. of Puerto Rico, and the Museum of Art of Puerto Rico. Nearby are several

9、 resort beaches (notably the Condado and Isla Verde), which attract tourists from North America.Jamba Juice is a chain of smoothie restaurants headquartered in San Francisco, California with 533 locations operating in 26 states, the District of Columbia and the Bahamas. 324 locations are company-own

10、ed and 209 locations are franchised. For the 12 months ending January 10, 2006, system wide sales were $345 million, which included sales of $230 million from company locations. The company has achieved a compound annual growth rate of 20% per year over the last three fiscal years.Jamba Juice was fo

11、unded by Kirk Perron, Joe Vergara, Kevin Peters, and Linda Olds in 1990 as California Juice Club in San Luis Obispo, California. In 1995 Juice Club changed its name to Jamba Juice. It is known as one of the top smoothie stores worldwide. The company's website claims that "Jamba" derive

12、s from the "African" word "Jama," which means "to celebrate, taking care of body, mind and soul is a way of celebrating life."Jamba has an operating agreement with Whole Foods to sell only "natural" products inside some of their locations, which includes their

13、 smoothies' ingredients. For this reason, offerings at Whole Foods sites may differ from those at stand-alone sites.task 2閱讀理解原文及其譯文Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth.通訊技術(shù)在傳遞真相的時(shí)候并不是簡(jiǎn)單地和真相本身一致。The first study to compare honesty across a range of c

14、ommunication media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails.從第一項(xiàng)對(duì)使用不同通訊媒介時(shí)的誠(chéng)實(shí)程度的比較重可以看出，人們?cè)谑褂秒娫挄r(shí)的說(shuō)謊幾率是使用電子郵件時(shí)的兩倍。The fact that emails are automatically recorded-and can come back to haunt (困擾) you-appears to be the key to the finding.因?yàn)殡娮余]件內(nèi)

15、容會(huì)被自動(dòng)記錄下來(lái)-并可能對(duì)你造成困擾-這就是這項(xiàng)研究的關(guān)鍵所在。Jeff Hancock of Cor'nell University in Ithaca 'ik , New York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week.Jeff Hancock在位于紐約州伊薩卡的康奈爾大學(xué)執(zhí)教，他曾要求30個(gè)學(xué)生記錄一周中每天的.通訊情況。In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting mor

16、e than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told.參與其中的人需要記錄超過(guò)10分鐘的對(duì)話或者電子郵件通訊的數(shù)量，并且要坦誠(chéng)自己說(shuō)了多少謊話。Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium. He found that lies made up 14 per cent of emails, 21 per cent of instant messages, 27 percent of face-to-face interact

17、ions and an astonishing 37 percent of phone calls.Hancock據(jù)此推算出使用各種通訊媒介在每次交流過(guò)程中說(shuō)謊的次數(shù)。他得出結(jié)論：謊言在電子郵件通訊中占了14%，在當(dāng)面溝通中占了27%，而在電話交流中占了37%His results, to be presented at the conference on human computer interaction in Viennavien, Austria':stri, in April, have surprised psychologists.這項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果于4月份再奧地利維也納的“人

18、與電腦互動(dòng)國(guó)際會(huì)議”上被宣讀，并且令心理學(xué)家們感到驚訝。Some expected e-mailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment (非直接接觸) of e-mailing would make it easier to lie.有人認(rèn)為電子郵件是最主要的謊言媒介，因?yàn)槠垓_會(huì)讓人不適，而電子郵件非直接接觸的特性使其更容易成為謊言發(fā)生的渠道。Others expected people to lie more in face

19、-to-face exchanges because we are most practiced at that form of communication.還有人認(rèn)為在當(dāng)面交流的過(guò)程中更容易說(shuō)謊，因?yàn)楫?dāng)面交流史最常見(jiàn)的溝通方式。(因?yàn)槿藗兏瞄L(zhǎng)當(dāng)面交流，所以撒謊技術(shù)更嫻熟)。But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether occurs in real time.但是Hancock認(rèn)為同樣重要的是對(duì)話過(guò)程是否會(huì)被記錄下來(lái)并能

20、夠被重新閱讀，以及對(duì)話是否是即時(shí)發(fā)生的。People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says. This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone.當(dāng)人們覺(jué)得時(shí)候要對(duì)交流過(guò)程負(fù)責(zé)時(shí)，就會(huì)對(duì)說(shuō)謊存有恐懼感。這就是為什么電子郵件中的謊言要少于電話中的。People are also more likely to lie in real time-in an instant message to phone call, say