初三英語被動(dòng)語態(tài)知識(shí)精講

1、初三英語被動(dòng)語態(tài)【本講主要內(nèi)容】被動(dòng)語態(tài)【知識(shí)總結(jié)歸納】一. 概念：表示動(dòng)作與主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系的句子是被動(dòng)語態(tài)。二. 主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)之間如何轉(zhuǎn)換 We Visited that factory last summer 主動(dòng)語態(tài)主語 謂語 賓語 狀語That factory was visited by us last summer 被動(dòng)語態(tài) 主語 謂語 賓語 狀語三. 各種不同時(shí)態(tài)的主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的對(duì)比時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am / is / are + P.P.（1）Do they speak French ?（2）They dont use the room .Is Fr

2、ench spoken by them ?The room isnt used by them .一般過去時(shí)was / were + p.p.（1）The hunter killed a tiger .（2）He wrote many stories last year .A tiger was killed by the hunter .Many stories was written by him last year .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am / is / are +being +p.p.（1）These workers are building a new bridge . （2）He is m

3、ending his car .A new bridge is being built by these workers . His car is being mended by him .過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was / were + being + p.p.（1）He was selling books .（2）They were discussing the plan at that time .Books were being built by him . The plan was being discussed by them at that time .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have / has + be

4、en + p. p.（1）She has learned many English words .（2）He has finished the work .Many English words have been learned by her . The work has been finished by him . 過去完成時(shí)had + been + p.p.（1）They has solved the problem .（2）We had told him the news by then . The problem had been solved by them . The news h

5、ad been told to him by us .一般將來時(shí)shall / will be + p.p.（1）I shall make a plan . （2）They are going to fix the radio in an hour .A plan will be made by me . The radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour . 過去將來時(shí)would be + p.p.was/ were going to be + p.p.（1）He told me they would paint the room . （2）T

6、hey were going to put on a play the next week . He told me the room would be painted by them . A play was going to be put by them the next week .情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can / may / must / should + be + p.p.（1）We should hand in our homework .（2）You must answer the question in English .Our homework should be handed in by

7、 us .The question must be answered in English by you .四. 如何正確使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)1. 有些動(dòng)詞帶有兩個(gè)賓語，即直接賓語和間接賓語，變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，可把其中一個(gè)賓語變成主語，另一個(gè)留在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)謂語后面。需要注意的是：若把直接賓語變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語，需要在間接賓語之間加上介詞“to”。eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主動(dòng)語態(tài)） （被動(dòng)語態(tài)）常帶雙賓語的詞有：tell , show , lend , pass等。2. 在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，某些動(dòng)詞之后帶有復(fù)合賓語，即賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語，這個(gè)復(fù)合賓語由

8、動(dòng)詞不定式來充當(dāng)，to被省略，但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，這個(gè)to還要還原。eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主動(dòng)語態(tài)） She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被動(dòng)語態(tài)） 有這種用法的常用動(dòng)詞有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice等。3. 有些“be +過去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)并不是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，它們有可能是“系表結(jié)構(gòu)（即系動(dòng)詞之后由過去分詞來充當(dāng)表語）?！北容^：（1）  （2）4. 只有及物動(dòng)詞和可有賓語的動(dòng)詞+介詞詞組才

9、可以有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。eg. 【題型展示】1. A talk on Chinese history in the school hall next week . A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give答案：C （2003天津市）2. To make our city more beautiful , rubbish into the river . A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may not throw答案：B （2003重慶市）3.

10、You may go fishing if your work .A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done答案：A （2003河北?。?. The trees must three times a week . A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters答案：C （2003長沙市）5. I wont come to the party unless Sue , too .  You mean if Sue comes youll come ? A. will invite

11、 B. invites C. invited D. is invited答案：D （2003江西?。?. I like my new bike . It very well . A. rides B. is riding C. is ridden D. has ridden答案：A （2003江西?。?. Mr. Chen has a lond voice . His voice can clearly even in that big classroom . A. hear B. be heard C. be hearing D. have heard 答案：B （2003臺(tái)灣?。?. It

12、s time to do your homework , Jack .       Yes , Mum . Ill turn off the TV as soon as the programme .A. ends B. end C. will be ended D. will end答案：A （2003廣州市）9. You to the meeting , why didnt you go ?A. be invited B. will be invited C. were invited D. are invited答案：C （2003山西省

13、）10. A lot of trees along the river last year . A. planted B. are planted C. were planted 答案：C （2003四川?。緦?shí)戰(zhàn)模擬】一. 選擇填空1. The rivers smells terrible People must dirty things into it .A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwingC. stop to throw D. stop form throwing2. Paper first invented in Chin

14、a . A. is B. are C. was D. were3. Do you like the flower ? Yes , it sweet . A. is smelling B. smelt C. is smelt D. smells4. It snowed heavily last night . The ground thick snow .A. was covered with B. was filled withC. was made of D. covered with5. The light in the room before you leave . A. must tu

15、rn of B. will turn off C. are turned D. must be turned off6. the kind of question often in your class , Ann ? A. Does , ask B. Is , asked C. Has , asked D. Will , ask7. The bridge in three weeks . A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. builds8. The old men and the children must in our country

16、 . A. take good care B. be taken good care C. take good care of D. be taken good care of9. Paul doesnt have to be made He always works hard . A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning10. The girl was unhappy because she by some boys in the class . A. is laughed B. was laughed C. laughed at D. was

17、laughed at 11. We that the English test next Monday . A. are told , gives B. tell , will give C. are told , will be given D. told , is going to be given12. Great changes place in China since 1978 . A. have been taken B. have taken C. has been taken D. took13. the red pencil-box by your father last w

18、eek ?A. Has , bought B. Was , bought C. Does , buy D. Did , buy14. Mary many songs at the party . A. heard sing B. heard to sing C. was heard sing D. was heard to sing15. trees usually in April ?A. Have , planted B. Are , planted C. Do , plant D. Were , planted16. When we got there , the broken road

19、 repaired .A. is being B. was being C. has been D. /17. The windows of the room once a week .A. has been cleaned B. is cleaned C. are cleaned D. are cleaning18. In 1620 , about half the USA forests . A. was covered B. was covered by C. were filled with D. covered with19. The young tree the stick . A

20、. should be tied to B. must be tied by C. should tie to D. can be tied with20. A present me by my friend on my birthday . A. is giving B. was given to C. is given for D. will give to21. By was the book ?A. who , wrote B. whom , write C. whom , written D. whom , writing22. Films about crime and viole

21、nce（暴力與犯罪） by young children . A. should not see B. should be not seen C. should not be seen D. should be seen23. In warm weather fruit and meat long . A. cant be kept B. dont keep C. is not kept D. arent keeping24. Half the worlds telephone calls in English .A. are made B. are making C. make D. is

22、made25. That building now . A. is building B. is built C. is being built D. builds26. The trees in our school every Friday afternoon . A. are watered B. are watering C. have watered D. water27. More “ Great Green Walls ” must all over the world . A. build B. are built C. be building D. be built28. H

23、is school bag by a woman ten minutes ago . A. took away B. was taken away C. was taken off D. is taken29. It that she very clever . A. was said , is B. was said , were C. is said , is D. is said , is being30. Yesterday a visitor something about his hometown . A. was asked B. was asking C. is asked D

24、. asked31. Do you like this kind of paper ? Yes , it very nice . A. is felt B. felt C. is feeling D. feels32. These books well . A. sells B. are being sold C. are sold D. sell33. The boy lost on his way home yesterday . A. got B. is C. gets D. has34. Though the coat is a bit large now , it me very s

25、oon . A. will be fit B. will fit C. fit D. fits35. Football everywhere in the world . A. is played B. play C. is playing D. plays36. Everybody here was a present . A. gave B. given C. To give D. Giving37. A new factory in our city last year . A. built B. has built C. was built D. is building38. All

26、trees must well when it is dry . A. be watered B. are watered C. water D. be watering39. This shirt silk . A. must be made in B. make by C. must be made of D. must be made by40. These books good care of . A. must taken B. must take C. have to take D. must be taken41. Stamps by people for sending let

27、ters . A. use B. in using C. used D. are used42. More trees next year . A. will be planted B. will plant C. have planted D. are planting43. When the Peoples Republic of China ?   On October 1.1949 . A. did found B. was found C. was founded D. is founded44. Today , too many trees are still in th

28、e world . A. cutting down B. cut down C. being cut down D. cutted45. This kind of machine Japan . A. is made by B. is made from C. is made in D. is made of46. The teacher says that the man will .A. be well taken care B. well look after C. take care well D. be well looked after47. I think the shop .&

29、#160;       No , Its open . It at six . A. is close close B. is closed closes C. closed closes D. is closed48. I was astonished（吃驚）to hear that the colour TV set 5 , 000 yuan . A. has cost B. cost C. costed D. was cost49. Great changes place since he came here . A. have

30、 been taken B. have taken C. has been taken D. has taken 50. He was seen something from the shop . A. steal B. to steal C. to be stolen D. stealed 51. She has by her classmates . A. laughed B. laughed at C. been laughed D. been laughed at 二. 用正確的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)填空1. Nearly everybody here （know）when the old mus

31、eum （build）.2. The building can （see）from every part of the city ; It （build）many years ago . 3. Yesterday Tom （tell）me that his bike （break）last week . 4. The students often （tell）to take care of their desks and chairs . 5. Now he （be）asked if the meeting （hold）next Friday . 6. It is known to all t

32、hat the moon （turn）round the earth . 7. Miss Li often （use）a recorder in her English class . But she （not use）it tomorrow . 8. Vegetables , eggs and fruits （sell）in this shop . 9. English （speak）here . 10. The song （like）by us all twenty years ago . 11. The pictures （take）by Jack tomorrow . 12. The

33、computer （can use）in the room .13. The room （paint）now . 14. The novel （translate）into many languages since it was published . 15. That clock （call）Big Ben . 16. Last week , when I （ask）about English culture , I couldnt answer it well . 17. What language （speak）in your country ? 18. School football

34、games often （hold）on Friday evenings . 19. The film （show）again sometime next week . 20. If anything （happen）to him , let me know . 21. the pair of new shoes （suit）you ? 22. The bottle （break）by the cat yesterday . 23. A tall tree （can , see）in the picture . 24. The sports meeting （hold）last week . 25. We （tell）yesterday that Jane would come back from Australia . 26. Look , Mr Smith （take）to the station by Mark in his car . 27. These trees should （water）after they （plant）.28. The TV set （make）in Beijing . It （make）last April . 29