山東省成人高等教育學(xué)士學(xué)位英語考試復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)

1、目 錄第一部分 山東省成人高等教育學(xué)士學(xué)位英語考試大綱（試行）及樣題2第二部分 試題題型分析及應(yīng)試技巧 14一、 閱讀理解 14二、 詞匯與語法結(jié)構(gòu)24三、 完形填空51四、 漢譯英53五、 寫作58第三部分 單項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練67一、 閱讀理解練習(xí)67二、 詞匯和語法練習(xí)105三、 完形填空練習(xí)143四、 漢譯英練習(xí)150五、 寫作練習(xí)152第四部分 模擬試題155Test One155 Test Two164 Test Three172參考答案180第一部分山東省成人高等教育學(xué)士學(xué)位英語考試大綱 (試行) 及樣題一、 山東省成人高等教育學(xué)士學(xué)位英語考試大綱(試行)總則二、 為了客觀地評(píng)價(jià)我省成人高等

2、教育（非英語專業(yè)）學(xué)員的英語水平，有效地調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的積極性，提高學(xué)生的英語水平，從而保證成人教育本科畢業(yè)生學(xué)士學(xué)位的授予質(zhì)量，根據(jù)教育部大學(xué)英語課程教學(xué)要求（試行）的要求、結(jié)合我省英語教學(xué)的現(xiàn)狀和成人高等教育的特點(diǎn)以及社會(huì)對(duì)學(xué)生英語能力的實(shí)際要求，制定本考試大綱。本考試的難度界定在大學(xué)英語三級(jí)的水平，是一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試。為保證試卷的信度，除短文寫作部分是主觀性試題外，其余試題全部客觀性的多項(xiàng)選擇題形式。短文寫作部分的目的是考核考生運(yùn)用語言的能力，從而提高試卷的效度。（一） 評(píng)價(jià)目標(biāo)本考試采用水平測試的方法，指在考察學(xué)生的基本英語綜合應(yīng)用能力，包括一定的聽說能力，使他們在今后工作和社會(huì)交往中

3、能用英語比較有效地進(jìn)行口頭和書面的信息交流，同時(shí)增強(qiáng)其自主學(xué)習(xí)能力、提高綜合文化素養(yǎng)，以適應(yīng)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和國際交流的需要，并為進(jìn)一步提高英語水平打下較好的基礎(chǔ)。具體要求如下：（二） 詞匯應(yīng)掌握 3500 個(gè)左右的英語單詞，正確熟練使用由這些單詞構(gòu)成的常用搭配，并具備用構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)識(shí)別生詞的能力。（三） 語法知識(shí)掌握主謂一致關(guān)系，表語從句、賓語從句、定語從句和狀語從句等句型，直接引語和間接引語的用法，動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞的用法，各種時(shí)態(tài)、主動(dòng)語態(tài)、被動(dòng)語態(tài)等基本的語法知識(shí)，并注重在語篇層面上運(yùn)用語法知識(shí)的能力。1. 閱讀能力2. 考生應(yīng)該能夠綜合運(yùn)用英語語言知識(shí)和閱讀技能理解書面英語，能以每分鐘 60

4、 詞的速度閱讀各種題材（包括社會(huì)生活、人物傳記、科普、史地、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)等）和體裁（包括議論文、記敘文、說明文、應(yīng)用文等）的文字材料。閱讀材料的生詞量不超過，對(duì)于超出全日制教學(xué)大綱詞匯表一至三級(jí)詞匯表范圍的詞，用漢語注明詞義。應(yīng)試人員能夠：3. 掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意;4. 了解用以闡述主旨的事實(shí)和有關(guān)細(xì)節(jié);5. 根據(jù)上下文判斷某些生詞或短語的意義;6. 理解單詞的意義和上下句之間的邏輯關(guān)系;（四） 根據(jù)所讀的材料進(jìn)行一定的判斷、推理；領(lǐng)會(huì)作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。三、 寫作能力 能在 30 分鐘內(nèi)寫出長度為 100 個(gè)單詞的短文，內(nèi)容切題，語句連貫，條理清楚，語法正確，語言通順恰當(dāng)?？荚噧?nèi)容本考試包

5、括五個(gè)部分：閱讀理解、詞語用法與語法結(jié)構(gòu)、完型填空、漢譯英、短文寫作。全部題目按順序統(tǒng)一編號(hào)。1 第一部分：閱讀理解（分開我閱讀理解）:共 20 題，考試時(shí)間 35 分鐘。本部分要求考生閱讀 4 篇英文短文，總閱讀量不超過 1000 詞。每篇短文后有 5 個(gè)問題?？忌鷳?yīng)根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容從每題四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。2 本部分選材的原則是：3 題材廣泛，包括人物傳記、社會(huì)、文化、日常知識(shí)等，其中所涉及的背景知識(shí)均在考生能理解的范圍之內(nèi)；體裁多樣，包括敘述文、說明文、議論文等；1 文章的語言難度適中，超出考生應(yīng)掌握的詞匯范圍的詞，用漢語注明詞義。2 本部分主要測試以下能力：3 掌握所讀材料的主指

6、和大意；4 了解說明主指和大意的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)；既能理解字面意思，也能根據(jù)所讀材料進(jìn)行一定的判斷和推理；既能理解個(gè)別句子的意思，也能理解上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。本部分的目的是測試考生通過閱讀獲取信息的能力，既要求準(zhǔn)確，也要求有一定的速度。第二部分：詞語用法和語法結(jié)構(gòu)（部份 2 字匯 &構(gòu)成）:共 40 題，考試時(shí)間 30 分鐘。題目中 60% 為詞和短語的用法， 40% 為語法結(jié)構(gòu)。要求考生從每題四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。本部分的目的是測試考生運(yùn)用詞匯、短語及語法結(jié)構(gòu)的能力。第三部分：完型填空（部份 3 關(guān)）:共 10 題，考試時(shí)間 10 分鐘。在一篇題材熟悉、難度適中的短文（約 200 詞

7、）中留有 10 個(gè)空白，每個(gè)空白為一題，每題有四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)，要求考生在全面理解內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上選擇一個(gè)最佳答案，使短文的意思和結(jié)構(gòu)恢復(fù)完整。填空的詞項(xiàng)包括結(jié)構(gòu)詞和實(shí)義詞。本部分的目的是測試考生綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力。第四部分：漢譯英（部份 4 翻譯）:共 5 題，考試時(shí)間是 15 分鐘。給出 5 個(gè)漢語句子，要求考生翻譯成英語，所譯英語表達(dá)清楚，句子結(jié)構(gòu)和用詞正確。本部分指在考察考生掌握漢英翻譯的方法技巧、語言翻譯能力以及漢英翻譯所必備的語言文化知識(shí)。第五部分：寫作（部份 V 寫作）:共 1 題，考試時(shí)間為 30 分鐘。要求考生根據(jù)題目規(guī)定寫出一篇 100 詞左右的短文。試卷上可能給出題目，或規(guī)定情景，

8、或給出段首句，或給出提綱。要求能夠正確表達(dá)思想，意義連貫，無重大語法錯(cuò)誤。寫作的內(nèi)容包括日常生活和一般常識(shí)。四、 本部分的目的是測試考生運(yùn)用英語書面表達(dá)思想的初步能力。答題及計(jì)分方法客觀性試題用機(jī)器閱卷，要求考生從每題四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案，并在答題紙上（答案紙）上該題的相應(yīng)字母中間用鉛筆劃一條橫線。試卷（測試紙）不能做任何記號(hào)。每題只能選擇一個(gè)答案，多選作答錯(cuò)處理。主觀性試題（短文寫作），寫在作文紙上，按科學(xué)的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評(píng)分。試卷各部分計(jì)分采用加權(quán)的方法，折算成百分制，以 60 分為及格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。試卷五個(gè)部分的題目、計(jì)分和考試時(shí)間列表如下：序號(hào)題號(hào)名稱題目數(shù)計(jì)分考試時(shí)間I120閱讀理解（閱讀

9、理解）20題40分35分鐘II2160詞語用法和語法結(jié)構(gòu)(字匯&構(gòu)成）40題20分30分鐘III6170完型填空（結(jié)束）10題10分10分鐘IV7175漢譯英（翻譯）5題10分15分鐘V76短文寫作（寫作）1題20分30分鐘合計(jì)76題100分120分鐘山東省成人高等教育學(xué)士學(xué)位英語考試樣題樣品測試分開我閱讀理解(35 分鐘,40 點(diǎn))方向: 那里是四在這個(gè)部份中讀通道. 每個(gè)通道被一些問題或未完成的陳述跟隨. 因?yàn)槊總€(gè)他們有被作記號(hào)的四選擇一), B),C)和 D). After you read a passage you should decide on the best choi

10、ce and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. A fire drill(操練) is ,to put it mildly(略微地,適度地), an inconvenient(不方便的) exercise at the best of times. A fire drill at 2:00 in the morning

11、 in terrible weather conditions, like the one we had on Thursday night and Friday morning last, is incomparably more inconvenient. This is why writing this note to thank you all most sincerely(真誠地) for your excellent co-operation and the spirit with which you endured(忍受,忍耐) the inconvenience.(打擾)A f

12、ire drill is not an idle (空閑的,懶散的)exercise. It is an extremely (極其,非常)serious(嚴(yán)重的,嚴(yán)肅的) one and can, in fact, save lives in the long run. Last week fire drill has already reyealed a number of important things regarding fire precautions(預(yù)防,警惕) in the Hall. For instance(例子), there seem to exit(出口) a nu

13、mber of “deaf (聾的)spots” in the Hall, namely(即,也就是), the two rooms in Purser House and some rooms in the Bottom corridor(走廊). I have no reason to doubt(懷疑,疑問)that residents (居民)from these areas could not hear the alarm(驚恐,憂慮,警報(bào)). I shall request an immediate examination of this problem.I should, als

14、o, remind (使想起)you that it is a requirement that fire drills should be regularly(有規(guī)律地) carried out(at least two in every one year)and each resident should be made fully aware(知道的,意識(shí)到的) of this and obliged(強(qiáng)迫,迫使) to take part. All residents must take fire precautions(預(yù)防,警惕) with the seriousness they

15、deserve. (應(yīng)受,值得).Failure to do so can result bin fines and expulsion(驅(qū)逐)from the Hall. Thank you again for your co-operation.1. The last fire drill caused much more inconvenience (打擾)because_. A) it was in bad weather B) there were “deaf spots” C) a big fire started D) it was at the weekend2. The ph

16、rase “in the long run”(L.2,Part.2)means_. A)effectively B) endlessly C) eventually(終于,最后) D) efficiently3. Some people did not make their appearance(出現(xiàn),來到,外觀) at the last drill because_. A) they were deaf (聾的) B)they could not hear the alarm C) nobody waked them up D) they refused to leave their roo

17、ms4. Afire drill is extremely(極其,非常) important according to the writer for_. A) it is a good physical exercise B) it cultivates (培養(yǎng)) peoples endurance(耐久力,持久力) C) it is a legal requirement D) it can save lives in case of a fire5. Which of the following was NOT stated (規(guī)定的)by the author? A) A fire dr

18、ill is very important and useful. B) The last fire drill received inactive co-operation from the residents. C) Those who do not take fire precautions (預(yù)防,警惕)will be fined and driven out. D) It has been made a rule that fire drills will be performed(行動(dòng)) regularly.(有規(guī)律的)Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 ar

19、e based on the following passage Accidents(事故,意外的事) are caused; they dont just happen. The reason may be easy to see: a shelf(架子) out of reach, a patch (補(bǔ)丁,小塊土地)of ice on the misfortune(不幸,災(zāi)禍,災(zāi)難)frustration(挫折,灰心喪氣), tiredness (疲勞的,累的)or just bad temper(脾氣)that show what the accident really is, a so

20、rt of attack(進(jìn)攻,攻擊) on oneself.Road accidents, for example, happen frequently(經(jīng)常地,屢次地) after a family quarrel(爭吵), and we all know people who are accident-prone(有.傾向的), so often at odds(困難) with themselves and the world that they seem to cause accidents for themselves and others.By definition(定義,解說)

21、, an accident is something you can not predict(預(yù)言,預(yù)告,預(yù)測) or avoid(避免,回避,躲開), and the idea which used to be current(當(dāng)前的,通用的), that the majority (多數(shù),大多數(shù))of road accidents are caused by a minority(少數(shù)) of criminally careless(粗心的) drivers, is not supported by insurance(保險(xiǎn),保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)) statistics(統(tǒng)計(jì),統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字). These

22、show that most accidents involve(使卷入,牽涉) ordinary (普通的)motorists(開汽車的人) in a moments of carelessness(粗心) or thoughtlessness.(欠考慮的,自私的)It is not always clear, either, what sort of conditions(條件,狀況) make people more likely(可能的,很可能) to have an accident. For instance(例子,實(shí)例,事例), the law requires(需要,要求) a

23、ll factories to take safety precautions and most companies(公司) have safety committees(委員會(huì),全體委員) to make sure the regulations (規(guī)則,規(guī)章,管理)are observed(觀察), but still, every day in Britain, some fifty thousand men and women are injured (傷害,損害,損傷)from work due(由于,應(yīng)歸于) to accidents. These accidents are la

24、rgely the result of human error (錯(cuò)誤,差錯(cuò))or misjudgmentnoise and fatigue(疲勞,勞累), boredom(煩惱,無聊) or worry are possible factors (因素)which contribute(有助于.,促成) to this. Doctors who work in factories have found that those who drink too much, usually people who have a high anxiety(焦慮,憂慮,渴望) level, run three

25、 times the normal risk (風(fēng)險(xiǎn),危險(xiǎn),冒險(xiǎn))of accidents at work.6. The passage suggests that_.A) Accidents are usually caused by psychological(心理的,心理學(xué)的) factors.B) Accidents mostly result(是由.造成的) from slippery(滑的,使人滑跤的) roads.C) Drinkers run three times the normal risk of accidents in factories.D) About 50 00

26、0people lose their lives at work in Britain every day.7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned(提到,說起) as a factor of accidents?A) Mood. (心情,情緒,語氣) B) Tiredness.(疲勞的,累的) C) Carelessness (粗心) D) Weather8. The word “accidents-prone”(L.2 Para.2)means_.A) likely to have accidents B) injured in accident

27、sC) possible to die in accidents D) responsible(有責(zé)任的,負(fù)責(zé)的) for road accidents9. What can we infer(推論,推斷,猜想) about the author opinion (意見,看法)of accidents?A) Safety precautions(預(yù)防,警惕) are of little use in accidents.B) Many accidents can and should be avoided.(避免)C) Factory accidents , unlike (不像,和.不同)r

28、oad accidents, are inevitable(不可避免的).D) Most road accidents are caused by just a few careless(粗心的) drivers.10. The best title for the passage would be _.A) Accidents and Anxiety(焦慮,憂慮,渴望)B) How to Deal with Accidents on Road and in FactoriesC) Human Factors in AccidentsD) How to Prevent(防止,阻止) Accid

29、ents on Road and in FactoriesPassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Is language, like food, a basic human need? Judging from the result of the violent experiment by a German King, Frederick II, in the 13th century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would

30、 speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.All the infants(嬰兒) died before the first year. But clearly there was more than language deprivation(剝奪,喪失) here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity(能力,

31、容量) to survive(幸免于,活下來) is seriously affected.Today no much violent deprivation exists as that by Frederick II. Nevertheless(然而,仍然), some children are still backward(向后的,向后) in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive (不敏感的)to the signals(信號(hào)) of the infant, whose br

32、ain(腦力,智能) is programmed to map up language rapidly. There are critical(緊要的,關(guān)鍵性的) times, it seems, when children learn more readily. If these sensitive(敏感的,靈敏的) periods are neglected(忽略,忽視), the ideal time for acquiring(取得,獲得,學(xué)到) language skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again

33、.Linguists(語言學(xué)家)suggest that speech stages(階段) are reached in a fixed sequence(連續(xù),繼續(xù)) and at a constant(經(jīng)常的) age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually(終于,最后) turns out to be of high IQ.Recent evidence(根據(jù)) suggests that an infant is born with the capacity(能力) to

34、 speak. What is special about Mans brain(腦力,智能) compared(比較,對(duì)照) with that of the monkey, is the complex (復(fù)雜的)system which enables(使能夠,使可能) a child to connect the sight and feel of , say, a teddy-bear(玩具熊)with the sound pattern (式樣)“teddy-bear”. But speech has to be stimulated(刺激,激發(fā)), and this depend

35、s on interaction (相互作用,干擾)between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals(信號(hào)) in the childs babbling(牙牙學(xué)語), grasping(貪心的,貪婪的), crying, smiling, and responds(響應(yīng)) to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls(枯燥的,不鮮明的) the interaction because the child gets disc

36、ouraged (泄氣的)and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity(敏感) to the childs non-verbal signals is essential(必要的) to the growth and development language.11. Frederick IIs experiment was violent because_. A) he wanted to prove children are born with ability to speak B)he ignored the importance

37、of mothering to the infant C) he was unkind to the nurse D) he wanted his nurses to say no mother tongue12. The reason some children are backward in speaking today that_. A) their mothers do not respond to their attempts to speak B) their mothers are not intelligent(聰明的,理智的) enough to help them C) t

38、hey do not listen carefully to their mothers D) their brains have to absorb(吸收) too much language at once.13. By “critical(緊要的,關(guān)鍵性的) times” in Paragraph 3 the author means_. A) difficult periods in the childs life B) moments when the child becomes critical to its mother C) important stages(階段) in th

39、e childs development D) times when mothers often neglect(忽視,忽略,疏忽) their children14. Which of the following in NOT implied in the passage? A) Ability to learn to speak a language is inborn(天生的,天賦的) in man B) Children do not need to be encouraged to learn to speak C) Early language starters are not n

40、ecessarily highly intelligent D) Most children learn their language in definite(明確的,肯定的) stages15. If the mother does not respond to her childs signals_. A) the child will never be able to speak properly(適當(dāng)?shù)?徹底地) B) the child will stop giving out signals C) the child will invent a language of his ow

41、n D) the child will make little effort(努力) to speakPassage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Americans who remember “the good old days” are not alone in complaining (抱怨)about the educational system in this country. Immigrants(移民) complain ,too. Lately a German friend was fill

42、ed (裝滿)with anger when he learned that the mathematics(數(shù)學(xué)) test given to his son on his first day as a college freshman included multiplication and division. Japanese businessmen in Los Angeles send their children to private schools staffed by teachers imported from Japan to learn mathematics at Jap

43、anese levels, generally considered at least a year more advanced than the level here.But I wonder: If American education is so poor, why is it that this is still the country of innovation(創(chuàng)新)?When I was 12 in Indonesia, I had to memorize the name of all the worlds major cities, from Kabul to Karachi

44、. At the same age, my son, who was brought up by a Californian, thought that Buenos Aires was Spanish for good food. However, unlike children of his age in Asia and Europe, my son had studied creative geography. When he was only 6, he drew a map of the route that he traveled to get to school, includ

45、ing the streets, the traffic signs and the houses that he passed.Dissatisfied American parents forget that in this country their children are able to experiment freely with ideas; without this they will not really be able to think or to believe in themselves.Critics of American education cannot gras

46、p one thing: freedom. America, I think, is the only country that extends even to children the license to freely speak, write and be creative. Our public education certainly is not perfect, but it is a great deal better than any other. I think I have found the answer to my question.16. From the text

47、we learn that_. A) both Americans and immigrants are dissatisfied with the quality of American education B) the author shares the general idea that American education is worse than education in many other countries C) Japanese schools in America require their American teachers to teach mathematics a

48、t Japanese levels D) the authors German friend was a little displeased because the mathematics test for his son was too easy.17. Which of the following is NOT true? A) The author most probably was an immigrant from Asia and received some school education there. B) Buenos Aires must be the name of a

49、city, as are Kabul and Karachi. C) Children in other countries are not likely to learn creative geography. D) The knowledge of geography of the authors son shows that American education is poor.18. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A) If children are not allowed to experiment

50、freely with ideas they wont grow up independent and creative. B) Most Americans think the present American educational system is not as good as it used to be. C) Private schools run by Japanese businessmen maintain a higher level than American public schools. D) Americans are more innovative than ot

51、her people in the world.19. In the last paragraph the author says, “I have found the answer to my question.” What is the question? A) Is Japanese education better than American education? B) Why do Japanese businessmen send their children to Japanese-staffed schools? C) Why was my son not taught eno

52、ugh geographic knowledge? D) Is American education really worse than education in other countries?20. What would be the best title for this passage? A) American Education and Education in Foreign countries B) Improvement Needed for American Education C) Freedom to Think Characteristic of American Ed

53、ucation D) Education and Innovation in American1. A2. C3. B4. D5. B6. A7. D8. A9. B10. C11. B12. A13. C14. B15. D16. A17. D18. A19. D20. CPart II Vocabulary and Structure (30 minutes, 20points)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked

54、 A), B), C), D). Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.21. Dont leave your bicycle out in the rain. Itll get_. 不要把車子放在雨中，它會(huì)生銹的 A) rusty (生銹的) B) crude (簡陋的,天然的) C) rough(粗糙的) D) tough (強(qiáng)硬的,

55、粗暴的)22. I_ to him for the error.因?yàn)檫@個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，我向他道歉 A) excused (原諒) B) apologized (道歉) C) pardoned (原諒) D) congratulated(祝賀)23. Its _ to ask Mr. Blake for help.向BLAKE求助是不可能的事 A) out question B) beyond(毫無疑問,無可爭辯) question C) out of question（固定搭配） D) in question24. Hardly _ home when the telephone rang.我一到家電話鈴就響了（hardly had sb.done when,倒裝） A) I got B) did I getC) I had got D) had I got 25. _his not a