u6L3被動語態(tài)英語課件

1、Unit 6 Lesson 3Pronunciation and words:mapgallerynationalcornerstraightmuseumappreciatedistance setblockmentioncompassdirectionfollowmethodunfortunatelypositionclearearthworkphonepaintinggovernmentcarrysupermarket1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_7_8_Choose the correst answero 1. There are a lot of beautiful paintin

2、gs in a _. a) compass b)gallery c) distanceo 2. “How can I learn English?” “Speaking, practicing, and listening are good _.” a) positions b) blocks c) methodso 3. The _ government is in Beijing. a) set b) clear c) nationalcBcUnscramble the letters. Then, number the pictures.o 1. The _ (hEatr) is ver

3、y big.o 2. I can _ (looflw) directions on a _(pam).o 3. The _ (mspcaos) is pointing north.Stucture: 讀下列句子，并歸納劃線部分的構(gòu)成：oThe sun and the stars can be followed.oA compass is used in any weatheroThe sky cant be seen.oIt can be used in any weather.oA newer method is used被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)專項專項Passive voice被動語態(tài)的用法被動語

4、態(tài)的用法o （1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。o 例如：例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。（不知道電腦是誰偷的）（不知道電腦是誰偷的）o This bridge was founded in 1981.這座這座橋竣工于橋竣工于1981年。年。o （2）強調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行）強調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。者。o 例如：例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是邁克打破的。玻璃杯是邁克打破的

5、。o This book was written by him.這本書是這本書是他寫的。他寫的。o Your homework must be finished on time.你們的家庭作業(yè)必須及時完成。你們的家庭作業(yè)必須及時完成。主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法o 1）把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。）把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。 （2）把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)（）把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)（be過去分詞）（根據(jù)過去分詞）（根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來主動被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式

6、）。的形式）。 （3）把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞）把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。將主格改為賓格。例如：例如：All the people laughed at him.o -He was laughed at by all people.His brother washes bowls every day主主謂謂賓賓(受動者受動者)Bowls are washed byhis brother every day.改為被動語態(tài)1.They make shoes in that factory.主語主語+及物動詞及物動詞+賓語賓語Shoes are made

7、 (by them) in that factory.一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時：S(主語）主語）+am/is /are +過去分詞過去分詞Rewrite them in the passive voiceMany students play soccer Soccer is played by many studentsI close the door. The door _ _ _ me.o 1. We open the window every day. The window_ _ _ _ every day.o 2. The girls make a cake. A cake _ _ _

8、the girls .o 3. The children help the teacher. The teacher o _ _ _ the children.o 4. People use computers. _ _ _ _ people.o 5. He sets the clock. The clock _ _ _ _ .o 6. She wrote the book. The book _ _ _ her. o They play football on Sunday.o Lucy does the homework in the evening.o They often use co

9、mputers in class.o We make these machines in Beijing.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing.He looked after the little baby yesterday.主謂賓(受動者)The little baby was looked afterbyhim y

10、esterday .2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.一般過去時：一般過去時：S+was/were +過去分詞過去分詞o They built the tall building last year.o He took good care of his little brother yesterday.o We cleaned our classroom just now.o They used this room for resting.The tall b

11、uilding was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主謂謂賓賓(受動者受動者)The room will be cleaned byTom tomorrow.3.They will finish the work in ten day

12、s.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般將來時：一般將來時：S+ will+be+過去分詞過去分詞o We will have a sports meeting next week.o Children will take some photos in the school tomorrow.o The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by

13、 children in the school tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.4Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞：S+ can/may/must/should + be+過去分詞過去分詞1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They

14、 should learn English well. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.Exercises：1.Many people speak English.2.People used knives for cutting things.3.We can use the box as a table.4.We should clea

15、n the classroom every day.5.She will repair the bike tomorrow. Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now. 現(xiàn)在進行時：現(xiàn)在進行時： S+ am/is/are + being +過去分詞過去分詞We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.現(xiàn)在完成時：現(xiàn)在完成時： S+ have/has + been+過去分詞過去分

16、詞各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時：一般過去時：一般過去時：一般將來時：一般將來時： 情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞：現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在完成時：現(xiàn)在完成時： S+ am/is /are + doneS+can/may/must/should+be+done S+ will + be + done S+ am /is /are + being+ doneS+ have/has + been+ doneS+ was/were + done 使用被動語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的幾個問題1. 不及物動詞無被動語態(tài)。o What will happen in 100 years.o The

17、dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2. 有些動詞用主動形式表示被動意義。o 1) Need, want, 接doing表被動。o 2)系動詞taste, sound , prove, feel, look，smell 等表被動o 3）sell， wash，clean, cook等與副詞如well, easily等連用 ，用主動表被動，o This pen writes well.o This new book sells well.o 3. 感官動詞(see, look at, watch, notice, feel, hear,

18、 listen to,)或使役動詞(make, have , let )使用省略to的動詞不定式，主動語態(tài)中不帶to ，但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，須加上to 。o 例：make somebody do somethingo somebody+ be +made to do somethingo see somebody do somethingo somebody +be +seen to do somethingo A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.o My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she

19、passed by.o The boss made the little boy do heavy work.o The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. o 4. 如果是接雙賓語的動詞改為被動語態(tài)時，直接賓語如果是接雙賓語的動詞改為被動語態(tài)時，直接賓語(物物)作主語，那么動詞后要用介詞，這個介詞是由與其搭配的動作主語，那么動詞后要用介詞，這個介詞是由與其搭配的動詞決定。詞決定。o He gave me a book.A book was given to me by him.o He showed me a ticket.A

20、ticket was shown to me by him.o My father bought me a new bike. A new bike was bought for me by my father.o 5. 一些動詞短語用于被動語態(tài)時，應(yīng)當看作一個整體，不一些動詞短語用于被動語態(tài)時，應(yīng)當看作一個整體，不能丟掉其中的能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞介詞或副詞。o We cant laugh him. He cant be laugh by us.o He listens to the radio every day. The radio is listened to by him every

21、 day.o The nurse is taking care of the sick man. The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.不能轉(zhuǎn)化成被動語態(tài)的主動句不能轉(zhuǎn)化成被動語態(tài)的主動句o 有的及物動詞也可以用作不及物動詞，同樣也沒有被動語態(tài)，凡是屬于下列情況的主句不能轉(zhuǎn)化成被動語態(tài)： o 1. 某些表示狀態(tài)的及物動詞。如：have, own, possess, lack, want, fit, suit, become, last, cost, fail, escape, hold等。如： o Our boss owns grea

22、t wealth. 我們老板擁有巨大的財富。 o 2. 當賓語是反身代詞或相互代詞時，不能有相應(yīng)的被動語態(tài)。如： o I cut myself when I was cutting meat. 當我切肉時，割傷了自己。 o 3. 當賓語是不定式或動名詞時，通常不能有對應(yīng)的被動句。如： o This might help to bring out the problem more clearly. 這也許有助于使問題明朗化。 主動形式表被動主動形式表被動1. 有些表示狀態(tài)特征的系動詞、感官動詞，如look, sound, feel, smell, taste, prove, appear, so

23、und, turn out 等+形容詞/名詞的系表結(jié)構(gòu)。如： o The music sounds beautiful. 這音樂聽起來很美。 2. 表示主語的某種屬性特征的動詞。如：read, write, act, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, dry, eat, drink, keep, feel,burn, last, strike, cut等。這類動詞一般不單獨使用，常有一個修飾語。或與表示行為方式的狀語連用，或與情態(tài)動詞連用。如： This coat dries easily. 這件大衣很容易干。 The door

24、wont lock. 這扇門鎖不上。 3. 表示開始、結(jié)束、運動的動詞。如begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, move。如： Work began at 6 oclock this morning. 今天早晨的工作是6點開始的。 4. 少數(shù)動詞用于進行時，其主動形式表示被動含義。如：print, build, cook, fry, hang, build, make。如： o The books are printing. 這些書正在印刷中。 o 5. 介詞in, on, under . + 名詞構(gòu)成的介詞短語表示被動意義。如： The

25、house facing the tower is in the possession of Mr Bob. 面對著塔的屋子是Bob的。 o 6. 當get, become, go 等動詞用作系動詞，其表語是過去分詞時，可以表示被動，此結(jié)構(gòu)比較口語化。如： o The patient got treated once a week. 那位病人一周得到一次治療。 o 7. 某些不及物動詞或相當于不及物動詞的短語動詞如break out, go well, take place, occur等。如： o What body changes occur when the sperm whale dr

26、ives? 抹香鯨潛入水中時，身體會發(fā)生什么變化？ o8. want, need, require等動詞后用V-ing形式可以表示被動意義。如： oThe machine needs repairing. 這臺機器需要修理了。 o9. 形容詞worth + V-ing分詞時。如： oThis book is well worth reading again. 這本書很值得再讀一遍。Put a check ( ) next to the correct answero 1. The light ( ) is turned on in the evening ( ) turns ono 2. Mu

27、sic ( ) enjoys most people。 ( ) is enjoyed byo 3. Backpacks ( ) can use to carry books. ( ) can be used1.-Do you often see him _ the old man? -yes, he is often seen _ the old man. A. helping, to help B. help, to help C. helping, helping2.-Its _ that the underground line No.3 _ in Harbin in 2010. - W

28、hat good news!A. said , was built B. say, will buildC. reported, will be built.3.Your mother _ very young. Thank you. A. looks B. is looked C. looks like()4.-If your homework_, you can play outside. -Really? Ill try my best to do that.A. finishes B. will be finished C. is finished()5.The old parents

29、 must _ well by their children.A. look after B. be looked after C. be looked()6.The boy was made _ the dishes after dinner.A. to wash B. wash C. washing()7.The food tastes _ and _ well. A. well, is sold B. good, is sold C. good, sells()8.Students arent allowed _ in the library.A. speaking B. to spea

30、k C. spoken()9.A new building _ by the workers now.A. is being built B. is built C. is buildingB ABCABo 被動語態(tài)考題被動語態(tài)考題1.The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty thing into it.(南京市中考題）南京市中考題） A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop to throw D stop from throwing 2.This book _ often _from the library.(北京市中考題）北京市中考題）A arent take away B taken awayC isnt taken away D be taken away3.He _ _ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (黃岡市黃岡市中考題）中考題）was told5. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by