英語(yǔ)詞根詞源精講2

1、英語(yǔ)詞根詞源精講英語(yǔ)詞根詞源精講2Tong Limin 4.be-,使成為，進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài)使成為，進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài) 來(lái)自來(lái)自bebehave:v.表現(xiàn)，行為；舉止behave yourself:behaviour:n.behaviourism:n.behaviourist:n. hind-:后，后面behind:conj.hind:adj.后面的hinder:adj.更后面的 v.阻礙，阻止hinderland:n.內(nèi)陸hindrance:n.befriend:v.beget:v.生育belabor:v.痛擊，痛斥；冗長(zhǎng)的責(zé)罵legh-:放置beleaguer:v.圍攻，使苦惱lay:v.lie:v

2、.lager:n.貯藏啤酒，拉格啤酒lov-:愛(ài)，準(zhǔn)許believe:v.belief:n:love:leave:n.許可；假期，假日f(shuō)urlough:n.士兵休假；休假，公休She has my leave to visit him.Id like to read the letter by your leave.relieve-relief:elevateriv-,reav-:撕，扯撕，扯bereave:v.剝奪；喪失親人bereavement:n.思親之痛bereft:adj.river:n.rift:n.裂口，裂縫*rivet:n.鉚釘 v.用鉚釘釘上*riveting:adj.吸引人

3、的，著迷的rob:v.robe:n.rape:v.rip:v.ripple:n. ripple effect:river:n.riven:v.使分裂rivening:adj. -,con-,一起，表強(qiáng)調(diào)一起，表強(qiáng)調(diào)pan-,pant-:面包面包c(diǎn)ompany:n.伙伴，同伴；公司companion:n.同伴，陪伴companionate:panionship:n.*pantry:n.面包室；茶水間accompany:v.陪伴accompaniment:n.陪伴，伴奏accompanist:n.陪伴者，伴奏者pl-,ply-:滿滿complete:pletion:n.deplete:v.耗盡ac

4、complish:v.取得成就accomplishment:n.成就full:adj.fill:v.supply:v.supplier:n.merc-:commerce:n.商業(yè)，貿(mào)易commercial:adj. (ICBC)commercialize:mercialization:n.merchant:n.商人merchandise:n.商品mercenary:n.雇傭兵market:n.marketing:n.促銷；營(yíng)銷bat-,beat-,but-:擊，打擊，打combat:v.搏斗，打斗combatant:n.beat:v.butt:n.屁股batter:v.battery:n.ba

5、ttle:n.abut:v.前綴的詞根同化現(xiàn)象co-: vowel and h and gcol-: lcor-:r com-:b,f,m,pcon-:f,g,and otherco-:一起一起co-author:n.co-respondent:n.coalesce:v.聯(lián)合，合并coalescent:adj.coalescence:ncoalition:n.聯(lián)合，合并cohere:v.粘合；使連貫coherent:adj.cohesion:n.凝聚力ag-:做，驅(qū)動(dòng)coagulate:v.凝固，凝結(jié)coagulant:n.coagulation:n.anticoagulate:v.antic

6、oagulant:n.anticoagulation:n.cogent:(*coagent)adj.有說(shuō)服力的cogitate:(*coagitate)v.認(rèn)真思考cogitation:n.gn(1)-,gen-:認(rèn)識(shí)，知道cognitive:adj.認(rèn)知的，認(rèn)識(shí)的cognition:n.cognizant:adj.cognizance:n.know:v.ken:n.知識(shí)范圍；視野 beyond ones kencan:v.canny:adj.精明的，狡猾的cunning:adj.狡猾的*uncanny:adj.怪異的gn(2)-,gen-:生育，產(chǎn)生cognate:adj.同源的*cogna

7、teness:n.gene:n.generate:v.generator:n.generation:n.genesis:n.起源；創(chuàng)世紀(jì)genetic:adj.kin:n. kind:adj.leg-,leag-,lect-,lig-:挑選，選擇colleague:n.collect:v.collective:adj.eligible:adj.elect:v.elite:n.elitism:n.elitist:n.refer:latte,lettuce,lactic,lactate,galaxy,leg-,leag-,lect-,lig-:挑選，選擇colleague:n.同事collect:

8、v.收集collective:adj.收集的；集合的eligible:adj.有資格的elect:v.選舉elite:n.精英elitism:n.精英主義loc-,loq-:說(shuō)話，談話colloquial:adj.口語(yǔ)的colloquy:n.說(shuō)話，對(duì)話loquacious:adj.話多的eloquent:adj.雄辯的elocution:n.演說(shuō)；演說(shuō)術(shù)grandiloquent:adj.浮夸的interlocuate:v.插話interlocutor:n.參與對(duì)話者circumlocution:n.含混表達(dá)； 迂回的話 circumlocutory:adj.bust-:燃燒combust:v

9、.燃燒combustion:bustible:bustion chamber:n.ed-,eat-,est-,es-,吃eat:v.edible:estible:adj.可吃的 n.食物eatery:n.小餐館obese:adj.肥胖的obesity:n.肥胖癥refer:is,essence,interestinterest groupfort-:堅(jiān)固，力量comfort:fortable:fortably:forter:forting:adj.fort-:堅(jiān)固，力量comfort:v.安慰comfortable:adj.舒服的comfortably:forter:n.安慰劑；安慰物comf

10、orting:adj.安慰的fort:n.城堡force:n.力量enforce:v.強(qiáng)制施行t-cefort:n.force:n.enforce:n.space-spatial:divorce-vertdivorce-divorceefiance-fianceemit-,mis-,miss-,送，送出commit:v.承諾；委托，交付；犯錯(cuò)誤commitment:n.承諾commission:n.委托，委任；傭金 admit:v.準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入；承認(rèn)，同意admission:n.承認(rèn)；入場(chǎng)費(fèi)admittance:n.承認(rèn)emit:v.送出；發(fā)射emission:n.emissary:n.使者mis

11、sion:n.使命missionary:n.傳教士promise:n.v.pat-,pet-:展開(kāi)，追尋；翅膀compete:petent:petence:petitive:petor:n.repeat:v.repetition:n.petition:n.請(qǐng)?jiān)竝etitioner:n.pet-,pter-:展開(kāi)；翅膀patent:adj.展開(kāi)的 n.專利 （patent letter）feather:n.helicopter:n.dinosaur:n.*pterosaur:n.digit:n.手指*pterodactyl:n.ced-,cess-:走，離開(kāi)concede:v.承認(rèn)，同意；讓步c

12、oncession:n.讓步，優(yōu)惠concessionary:adj.優(yōu)惠的，減價(jià)的accede:v.承認(rèn)，同意；就職access:n.進(jìn)入；通道accession:n.就職accessible:adj.可進(jìn)入的cap-,capt-,ceive-:拿，抓，握conceive:v.想出，構(gòu)思，設(shè)想；懷孕conceivable:adj.想出的，構(gòu)想的concept:n.概念，觀念conception:n.概念，設(shè)想conceptionalize:v.形成概念capable:adj.capacious:adj.容量大的；寬敞的capacity:n.capture:n.v.captive:adj.n.

13、jac-,ject-:扔，投擲conjecture:n.猜測(cè) v.猜測(cè)abject:adj.悲慘的adjacent:adj.鄰近的adjective:ject:jectile:n.missile:n.reject:v.rupt-:破裂，斷裂corrupt:adj.腐敗的 v.corruptible:adj.uncorruptible:adj.bankrupt:adj.bankruptcy:n.rupture:n.bereave:v.rob:v.rip:v.rob-:強(qiáng)，硬corroborate:v.加強(qiáng)，鞏固corroboration:n.robust:adj.

14、強(qiáng)健的robot:n.robotics:n.robotization:n.sider-,star-,astro-:星consider:v.considerate:adj.considerable:adj.unconsiderable:adj.sidereal:adj.star:n.astrology:n.astronaut:n.nautical:adj. 6.in-,en-,進(jìn)入，使來(lái)自inin-,在內(nèi)，進(jìn)入，使inborn:adj.in-house:adj.inside:n.adj.clin-,clim-:傾斜傾斜incline:v.傾向inclination:n.decline:v.下傾；

15、拒絕declination:n.傾斜*cline:n.漸變?nèi)篶limate:n.acclimate:v.m-nhome-hauntlamp-lanternlimit-lintelsublime:adj.崇高的，極好的m-nhaunt:v.鬧鬼；縈繞心頭lantern:n.燈籠*lintel:n.門欄；門楣clud-,clos-:關(guān)閉關(guān)閉include:v.包含inclusive:adj.inclusion:n.conclude:v.下結(jié)論conclusive:adj.conclusion:n.close:v.clause:n.volv-:卷卷involve:v.involvement:n.ev

16、olve:v.evolution:n.evolutionism:n.evolutionist:n.Volvo:n.lum-,lust-:光，光彩光，光彩illuminate:v.照明，闡明；解釋illumination:n.luster:n.光澤illustrate:v.說(shuō)明；給例證，加插圖illustrative:adj.說(shuō)明的，例證的illustration:n.說(shuō)明，例證；圖解illustrator:n.插圖作家illustrious:adj.著名的，顯著的light:adj.bib-,bev-:喝，飲喝，飲imbue:v.灌輸imbibe:v.喝，飲；吸收imbibition:n.*b

17、ib:n.小孩用的圍裙，圍嘴beverage:bevy:一群小鳥(niǎo)a bevy of： migr-,移動(dòng)，遷移移動(dòng)，遷移immigrate:v.移居入境immigration:n.immigrator:n.immigrant:n.emigrate:v.移民，移出emigration:n.emigrator:n.emigree:逃亡者，流亡者rad-,根根irradiate:v.輻射，放射；發(fā)出光線irradiation:n.irradiance:n.放射；輻射；容光煥發(fā)irradiant:adj.irradiator:n.放射裝置；暖熱片radius:n.半徑radish:n.蘿卜root:n.

18、 en-,進(jìn)入，使來(lái)自in-變體形式enable:v.enact:v.ensure:v.enlighten:v.啟發(fā)，開(kāi)悟enlightening:adj.enlightenment:n.embody:v.embitter:v.empower:v.bar:n.barrier:n.障礙物barrister:n.大律師barricade:n.障礙物，路障embargo:v.禁運(yùn)；禁止 n.禁運(yùn)令embarass:v.embarassment:n.bl-,bol-:扔，投擲扔，投擲emblem:n.徽章；符號(hào);象征problem:n.symbol:n.v.ball:n.舞會(huì)ballet:n.ball

19、istic:adj.彈道的ballistics:n.*ballad:n.民謠；歌謠ploy-,plic-:卷卷employ:v.雇傭；雇用employer:n.employee:n.employment:n.unemployed:adj.unemployment:n.ploy-,plic-,ply-:卷卷deploy:v.部署deployment:v.disemploy:v.disemployment:n.imply:v.implicit:adj.explicit:adj.implication:n. 7.ex-,向外來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ)ex,從.離開(kāi)ex,前妻，前夫，前男友，前女友-clud,clos

20、-:關(guān)閉關(guān)閉exclude:v.排除exclusion:n.exclusive:adj.exclusive club/exclusive newsinclude:v.conclude:v.close:v.clause:n.it-,走走exit:n.*adit:n.transit:n.v.initiate:v.啟動(dòng)initiative:n.倡議，主動(dòng)權(quán)itinerary:n.日程表*itinerate:v.巡回 adj.巡回的itinerant:adj.巡回的，流動(dòng)的cap-,capt-,cept-,cip-:抓，握抓，握except:prep:capable:adj.capture:n.acc

21、ept:v.participate:v.參與st-,sist-:exist:v.existance:n.existant:adj.extant:adj.assist:v.insist:v.stand:v.sec-,seq-:跟隨，順序跟隨，順序execute:v.執(zhí)行，施行execution:n.executive:adj.sequence:n.persecute:v.迫害，煩擾prosecute:v.控告，起訴sec-,seq-:跟隨，順序跟隨，順序consequent:adj.作為結(jié)果的，隨之發(fā)生的consequence:n.結(jié)果；重要性consequently:adv.結(jié)果地suit:n

22、.v.suitable:adj.*suitor:n.pursuit:n.追逐 in pursuit of ex變體形式變體形式e-,b,d,g,l,m,n,vec-,ef-:el-,ec-:向外向外eccentric:adj.怪異的eccentricity:n.center:cate:cator:cation:cationist:n.edit:v.editor:n.editorial:adj.edition:n.anecdote:n.軼聞；趣事anecdotic:adj.greg-:集中集中egregious:adj.極壞的，極糟糕的egregiousl

23、y:adv.aggregate:v.聚集，集合aggregation:n.聚集體，集合體congregate:v.聚集，集合congregation:n.教堂會(huì)眾，人群group:n.ject-,扔，投擲扔，投擲eject:v.噴射，射出；射精ejection:n.inject:ject:n.reject:v.lev-:舉，舉起舉，舉起elevate:v.舉起elevated:adj.elevator:n.lever:n.alleviate:v.light:adj.lev-:舉，舉起舉，舉起elevate:v.舉起elevated:adj.elevator:n.lever:n.a

24、lleviate:v.light:adj.merg-,mers-:浸，浸，浸入浸入emerge:v.出現(xiàn)emergent:adj.emergence:n.emergency:n.immerse:v.浸入immersion:n.immersive:adj.vad-,wad-:走走evade:v.逃避，逃走evasive:adj.逃避的；推諉的invade:v.入侵invasion:n.wade:v.wader:n.vid-,vis-:看看evident:adj.evidently:adv.evidence:n.video:n.visit:v.visual:adj.n.visualize:v.fe

25、ct-:做做effect:n.影響，效果effective:adj.有效的effectiveness:n.effectual:adj.有效的efficient:adj.有效率的efficiency:n.效率efficacy:n.功效，效果lip-:留下留下ellipsis:n.省略ellipse:n.橢圓elliptic:adj.橢圓的，省略的 8.de-,向下，離開(kāi)；表相反；表強(qiáng)調(diào)來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ)de,向下，離開(kāi) 8.1 de-,向下，離開(kāi)cid(1)-,砍，切砍，切decide:v.decision:n.decisive:adj.insecticide:n.herbicide:n.cid(2)-

26、,cas-:掉落掉落deciduous:adj.落葉的accident:n.accidental:adj.accidentally:adv.incident:n.incidental:adj.case:*cascade:n.小瀑布duc-,duct-:拉，引導(dǎo)拉，引導(dǎo)deduce:v.演繹出；推論deduct:v.減除deductible:adj.可減除的deduction:n.演繹，推論；減除produce:duct:duction:ductivity:n.prim-,print-,press-:壓壓press:v.n.depress:v.壓低；使沮喪，壓抑de

27、pression:n.蕭條；沮喪depressive:adj.impress:v.impression:n.impressive:adj.prim-,print-,press-:oppress:v.鎮(zhèn)壓，壓迫oppression:n.oppressive:adj.oppressor:n:*reprimand:v.責(zé)備，苛責(zé)print:v.imprint:v. 8.2 de-,不，非，表相反de-,不，非，表相反不，非，表相反de-ice:v.defrost:v.defroest:v.sper-:希望希望despair:v.絕望desperate:adj.絕望的，不顧一切的desperation

28、:n.desperado:n.暴徒desperately:sper:v.繁榮，繁盛prosperous:sperity:n.ser-,sert-:連接，插入連接，插入desert:n.沙漠 v.離棄，遺棄deserter:n.逃兵insert:v.assert:v.series:n.serial:adj.exert:(*exsert)v.盡力，努力；運(yùn)用，使用 exertion:n.tect-:遮蓋遮蓋detect:v.偵察detective:tect:tection:n.deck:n. 8.3 de-:表強(qiáng)調(diào)或加強(qiáng)bat-,beat-,擊，打擊

29、，打debate:v.辯論 n.batter:v.battle:n.beat:v.liber-:稱量，秤稱量，秤deliberate:v.n.仔細(xì)衡量，思考 deliberation:n.Libra:n.天秤座level:n.水平ter-:恐懼恐懼deter:v.威懾deterent:n.威懾因素terror:n.恐懼，恐怖terrorism:n.terrorist:n.fin-:界限，終結(jié)界限，終結(jié)define:v.下定義definition:n.finish:v.finite:adj.finiteness:n.definite:adj.明確的，確定的definitely:adv.infin

30、ity:n. finiteness:n.fin-:infinite:adj.無(wú)限的infinity:n. finiteness:n.indefinite:adj.不確定的term-:界限，終結(jié)界限，終結(jié)determine:v.決定determination:n.determinism:n.determinist:n.term:n.terms and conditions:terminal:n.terminate:v. 9.dis-:不，非，表相反；表離開(kāi)；表分開(kāi) 9.1 dis-:不，非，表相反dis-:不，非不，非disagree:v.disallow:v.dishonest:adj.dissident:n.discount:n.dis-:表相反表相反discharge:v.discover:v.dishonor:v.displace:v.displease:v.dissuade:v.persuade:v. 9.2 dis-:表離開(kāi)(away)miss-:送送dismiss:v.解散，遣散dismissal:n.mission:n.emission:n.pel-,puls-:推，擠推，擠dispel:v.驅(qū)散compel:v.強(qiáng)迫，迫使compelling:pulso