新視野英語教程 2 U7

1、精選ppt NEW HORIZON ENGLISH COURSES Book Two精選pptUnit 7 Pollution1Around the Topic2Section A3Section B4Section C Leading in Exploring the Topic Plus Activities Warming-up Text A Exercises Background Information Reading Through Exercises Related Knowledge Sample Reading Exercises Useful Terms精選ppt Poll

2、ution is a major problem in the world today. It damages the environment and is harmful to humans, animals and plants. Although pollution can be a result of natural disasters such as earthquakes and forest fires, it is mostly caused by human activity. With the increase of population and the developme

3、nt of technology, pollution in our modern-day world has reached dangerous levels. Clean and fresh air is now a luxury in many big cities and the water in many of our rivers and lakes are too polluted to drink and swim in. The environment is our life support systemthe only one that we have. We should

4、 do our best to save it before its too late. 精選pptDirections: Land, air and water pollution are the three main types of pollution. Look at the pictures below and write down what particular form of pollution each picture describes. Then choose from the answers (A-H) provided in the boxes at the botto

5、m of the page to complete the rest of the information for each picture. Answers may be used more than once. Form of pollution: _Its sources: _ Its effects: _ AirF A DC A D HWays to prevent or reduce it: _ 精選pptForm of pollution: _ Its sources: _ Its effects: _ Ways to prevent or reduce it: _ Form of

6、 pollution: _ Its sources: _ Its effects: _ Ways to prevent or reduce it: _ Water Land H E IC B I B C G C E G 精選pptSources of Pollution A. Waste gases from automobiles B. Littering C. Use of chemicals in farming D. Burning coal to heat homes E. Sewage and waste water from homes and factories F. Emis

7、sions of harmful gases from factories G. Waste materials from homes and industries dumped in landfills H. Garbage dumped into the sea Effects of Pollution A. Cause people to get sick B. Kill animals and plants C. Give off bad smells D. Produce acid rain E. Pollute soil and groundwater F. Cause anima

8、ls to lose their homes G. Reduce farming land H. Contribute to the greenhouse effect/global warming 精選pptWays to Prevent or Reduce Pollution A. Invest in green energy such as wind or solar energy B. Reduce the amount of coal and gas we burn C. Exercise tougher control on factories and companies D. U

9、se energy-efficient cars E. Reduce and recycle the waste we create F. Cut down on chemicals in farming G. Treat sewage before it enters rivers H. Educate people to avoid littering 精選pptDirections: You will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and answer the following questions.1. What is the first

10、 solution to reduce air pollution ?2. What is the second solution to reduce air pollution ?精選pptSuggested answer: Too many cars have caused a lot of serious problems in our world. Besides congestion, accidents and fast fuel consumption, cars are responsible for a good part of air pollution in big ci

11、ties. One possible solution is to design and develop clean cars and clean fuels. In Shanghai, some of the public buses begin to run on natural gas, which does not give off as much carbon dioxide as petrol.Return精選pptSuggested answer: Another solution is to develop modern public transportation system

12、s and restrict the use of private cars. If the price of petrol rises constantly and the public vehicles are efficient and convenient enough, most people will not buy private cars. Thus, the total number of cars in big cities will reduce greatly. On the whole, the elimination of air pollution needs t

13、he collective efforts from the government, the public and the environmentalists.Return精選pptSmog in My CitySection A:精選ppt Smog is a type of air pollution that occurs when smoke or other pollutants in the air mixes with fog. The word “smog,” a blend of “smoke” and “fog,” was first coined in the early

14、 20th century to describe the smoky fog that hung over London and some other large cities at that time. Unfortunately though, more than one hundred years later, smog remains a familiar sight in many places around the world, especially in big cities with a lot of industry and traffic. 精選pptText A por

15、trays a city plagued by smog. The writer describes how serious the smog condition is in the city where he lives and explores the underlying causes of the problem. Although the name of the city is not revealed, it stands as a perfect example of a city that has yet to find a balance between economic g

16、rowth and environmental protection.精選pptSmog in My City When I wake up in the morning, I pause briefly before opening my curtains, and what I see out of my window is likely to set the tone for the rest of the day. Para. 1霧都早上醒來，在打開窗簾前，我停頓了一下，我在窗外看到的情景將會為整個一天定下基調。精選pptI am not checking up on the weat

17、her. Instead, I want to know exactly how bad the pollution is going to be. On some mornings, it is truly horrible. It is as if the whole city has been turned into a smokers room with a yellowish color staining the sky. Para. 2我并不是想看看天氣如何，我只是想知道這一天的空氣污染將會有多嚴重。有些早上，污染確實非?？膳?，整個城市仿佛變成了一個吸煙室，天空被染成了淡淡的黃色。

18、精選pptPara. 3And this month, pollution in my city went from bad to. well, dangerous. The hospitals were filled with patients, old and young, suffering from breath-related problems. People were warned to stay indoors and the streets were unusually quiet. 這個月，整座城市的污染程度由嚴重變成了危險。醫(yī)院里到處都是病人，老的少的，患的都是和呼吸道相關

19、的疾病。人們被警告要呆在室內，街道也變得異常安靜。精選pptSales of air purifiers for homes, as well as face masks, rocketed and some stores simply ran out. Even for a city that is used to pollution, this was an emergency. 家用空氣凈化器和口罩的銷售量猛增，有些商店干脆脫銷。即使對于一個已經(jīng)習慣了污染的城市，這種情形也是一個緊急狀況。Para. 4精選pptFor years, the local authorities often

20、 played down the pollution in the city, insisting it was fog in most cases, despite evidence to the contrary that was plain for all to see. Para. 5多年來，地方政府對這座城市的污染狀況常常輕描淡寫，堅持聲稱大多數(shù)的情況只是霧而已，盡管與此相反的證據(jù)顯而易見。 精選pptFaced with public pressure, the local authorities started publishing the hourly air-quality

21、readings this year. And when the recent unusually heavy smog hit, the state media, for the first time on this issue, made its voice heard. 面對公眾壓力，地方政府今年開始每小時發(fā)布一次空氣質量指數(shù)。 當最近一次特別嚴重的霧霾來襲時，官方媒體首次對這一污染問題發(fā)出了聲音。Para. 6精選pptThe pollution story led the countrys main evening TV news program. Even the major na

22、tional daily newspaper ran a headline asking “Whats wrong with our air?”. Well, the answer is not far to seek. The problem is caused by the country developing at a speed and scale unheard-of in history. It has been growth at all costs, resulting in widespread environmental worsening. Para. 7污染的報道出現(xiàn)在

23、國家主要的晚間電視新聞節(jié)目的頭條位置，連最大的全國性的日報也刊登了這樣的標題：“我們的空氣到底怎么了？”答案并不難找，污染問題是由這個國家空前的發(fā)展速度和規(guī)模造成的。這種不惜一切代價的增長，導致了環(huán)境的廣泛惡化。 精選pptCoal-burning energy plants power the countrys factories; they provide the heat for hundreds of millions of homes, but they also emit poisonous gases into the air. In my city alone, several

24、 million cars choke the streets, an illustration of the countrys growing prosperity. But all these vehicles, normally bumper to bumper, are also a sign of a country that is not coming to terms with pollution. Para. 8燃煤發(fā)電廠為這個國家的工廠提供電力，也為數(shù)億家庭提供暖氣，但是它們也把有毒有害氣體排放到空氣中。單單就我們這座城市，幾百萬輛的車把街道擠得水泄不通，這是國家日益繁榮的例

25、證，但是，車輛一輛緊接著一輛的狀況也表明了這個國家還沒有真正地來面對和處理污染。精選pptAnd it is not just the air quality. Lakes, rivers and underground water supplies have all been badly polluted by lightly regulated industry. Almost no one in the city trusts the water that comes out of their taps. 這不僅僅只是空氣質量，由于工業(yè)監(jiān)管不力，湖泊、河流和地下水供應都受到了嚴重的污染。

26、在這座城市，幾乎沒有人相信他們水龍頭里流出來的水是安全無害的。 Para. 8精選pptSo maybe the great smog of this city in recent days will mark a turning point. A time when the people say: “We need to put quality of life before economic growth.” In recent months, there have been several large-scale protests against factories being built

27、 in various cities. Para. 9也許這個城市這幾天的嚴重霧霾將成為一個轉折點。在這個時刻，人們要說：“我們需要把生活質量放在經(jīng)濟增長之上。”在最近幾個月，已經(jīng)有幾次大規(guī)模的抗議活動，反對一些城市正在興建的工廠。精選pptPara. 10But a huge sea change looks unlikelyfor now, anyway. Economic growth remains the citys top priority. Without it, large numbers of people could be left unemployed. There ar

28、e still millions of people who want the keys to their first car, their first air-conditioner, even a fridge. 但是徹底的改變看起來不太可能，至少目前不可能。經(jīng)濟增長仍然是這座城市的重中之重，沒有它，大量的人員會失業(yè)。還有數(shù)以百萬計的人想拿到他們第一輛車的鑰匙，他們的第一臺空調，甚至一臺冰箱。精選ppt誰又能剝奪他們實現(xiàn)夢想的權利？出于這個原因，在這個城市，潔凈的空氣在未來的幾年里仍可能非常稀罕。一些富人把他們的孩子帶到加拿大或澳洲定居，但對于大多數(shù)人，他們沒有這樣的選擇。 Who is

29、going to be the one to deny them their dream? For that reason, clean air is likely to remain a rarity in my city for years to come. Some wealthy people are taking their kids to live in Canada or Australia. But for most, that is not an option. Para. 10精選pptPara. 11As for me, after about five years of

30、 living here, I have ordered my first air purifier. And I now wear a face mask for my bike ride to work. And every morning, before opening my curtains, I pause and hope that the wind has blown the pollution away. 至于我，生活在這里大約五年后，我已經(jīng)訂購了我的第一個空氣凈化器，我現(xiàn)在騎自行車上班會戴上口罩。每天早晨，在打開窗簾前，我會停頓一下，希望風已經(jīng)把污染吹散。精選pptText

31、A is a descriptive piece of writing describing the smog problem of an unnamed city. First, Setting the scene for the passage and introducing the reader to a city plagued by constant air pollution. Then ,detailing different aspects of the smog problem in the city. Last, echoing the beginning of the p

32、assage and concluding the passage on a note of pessimism: The writer describes what he is doing to live with the smog, implying that people are left to their own devices to cope.Main Idea精選pptMain idea:The writer describes what he is doing to live with the smog, implying that people are left to thei

33、r own devices to cope.)StructureMain idea:Pollution became worse this month, adversely affecting life in the city; Official response to the smog problem: A change of attitude; Causes of the problem; Sea change unlikely to happen anytime soon. Main idea:Setting the scene for the passage and introduci

34、ng the reader to a city plagued by constant air pollution. Part II: Para. 3-10Part III: Para. 11Part I: Para. 1-2精選pptMeaning: and what I see out of my window will probably decide what the rest of the day would be like.1Meaning: Im not trying to find out what the weather is like. Rather, I want to k

35、now exactly how bad the pollution is going to be. 2 and what I see out of my window is likely to set the tone for the rest of the day. I am not checking up on the weather. Instead, I want to know exactly how bad the pollution is going to be. 精選pptMeaning: On some mornings, it is really very bad. 3Me

36、aning: with the sky turning into a yellowish color.4On some mornings, it is truly horrible. with a yellowish color staining the sky. 精選pptMeaning: The hospitals are full of patients. Some are old, some are young, and they are suffering from diseases related to breathing.5Meaning: People were told to

37、 stay inside and the streets were quieter than usual.6The hospitals were filled with patients, old and young, suffering from breath-related problems. People were warned to stay indoors and the streets were unusually quiet. 精選pptMeaning: Sales of home air purifiers and face masks shot up and in some

38、stores they were just all sold out. 7Meaning: Even for a city thats familiar with pollution, this was a serious situation that must be dealt with immediately.8Sales of air purifiers for homes, as well as face masks, rocketed and some stores simply ran out. Even for a city that is used to pollution,

39、this was an emergency. 精選pptMeaning: For years, the local government often tried to make people believe that the pollution in the city was not so bad, saying that it was just fog in most situations, although it was obvious that the evidence pointed to the opposite direction.9For years, the local aut

40、horities often played down the pollution in the city, insisting it was fog in most cases, despite evidence to the contrary that was plain for all to see. 精選ppt10Meaning: And when the recent unusually heavy smog happened, the government media reported the problem for the first time.11And when the rec

41、ent unusually heavy smog hit, the state media, for the first time on this issue, made its voice heard. Meaning: Because of public pressure, the local government started to make the air-quality figures available to people every hour this year.Faced with public pressure, the local authorities started

42、publishing the hourly air-quality readings this year. 精選pptMeaning: Even the major national daily newspaper published an article with the title: “Whats the matter with our air?”12Meaning: The problem is caused by the fact that the country is developing at a speed and size never heard of in history.1

43、3Even the major national daily newspaper ran a headline asking “Whats wrong with our air?” The problem is caused by the country developing at a speed and scale unheard-of in history. 精選pptMeaning: The country is willing to pay any price to achieve economic growth and the result of this is large-scal

44、e damage to the environment. 14Meaning: Energy plants that use coal to produce electricity to supply the countrys factories with power; they provide the heat for hundreds of millions of homes, but they also send out harmful gases into the air. 15It has been growth at all costs, resulting in widespre

45、ad environmental worsening. Coal-burning energy plants power the countrys factories; they provide the heat for hundreds of millions of homes, but they also emit poisonous gases into the air. 精選pptMeaning: Just in my city, several million cars fill the streets, which is a sign of the countrys growing

46、 wealth.16Meaning: But all these vehicles, which usually are so close to each other that their bumpers are almost touching, also show that the country is not yet trying to face and deal with the pollution problem.17In my city alone, several million cars choke the streets, an illustration of the coun

47、trys growing prosperity. But all these vehicles, normally bumper to bumper, are also a sign of a country that is not coming to terms with pollution. 精選pptMeaning: Industries are not properly managed and controlled, which results in the serious pollution of lakes, rivers and underground water supplie

48、s. 18Meaning: Almost no one in the city believes that the water that comes out their taps is safe. 19Lakes, rivers and underground water supplies have all been badly polluted by lightly regulated industry. Almost no one in the city trusts the water that comes out of their taps. 精選pptMeaning: Almost

49、no one in the city believes that the water that comes out their taps is safe. 20Meaning: “Quality of life should be treated as more important than economic development.”21So maybe the great smog of this city in recent days will mark a turning point. “We need to put quality of life before economic gr

50、owth.” 精選pptMeaning: In recent months, there had been several big public demonstrations against the building of certain factories in different cities.22Meaning: But a big complete change doesnt seem very possible, at least for the present.23In recent months, there had been several large-scale protes

51、ts against factories being built in various cities. But a huge sea of change looks unlikely, for now, anyway. 精選pptMeaning: Without it, a lot of people would become jobless.24Meaning: For that reason, it is likely that clean air will continue to be something very uncommon in my city for years in the

52、 future. 25Without it, large numbers of people could be left unemployed. For that reason, clean air is likely to remain a rarity in my city for years to come. 精選pptMeaning: But most people dont have enough money to take their children to live in another country.26Meaning: I stop for a moment and hop

53、e that the wind has carried the pollution away.27But for most, that is not an option. I pause and hope that the wind has blown the pollution away. 精選pptNew wordssmogcurtain tone pollution horrible smoker yellowish stain patient breath relateunusually sale purifier mask rocket emergency fog evidence

54、plain pressurepublish media main unheard-of growthwidespread environmental coal power 精選pptNew wordsheatemit poisonous gas choke illustrationprosperity vehicle bumper underground supplybadly pollute regulate industry trust tap economic protest huge unlikelyanyway unemployed fridge rarity blow 精選pptP

55、hrases and expressions set the tone (for something) check up on run out play down to the contrary at all costs result in come to terms with turning point sea change 精選pptn. U; C mixture of smoke and fog 煙霧（指城市里由汽車和工廠廢氣所造成的不潔空氣） e.g. Smog is a major problem in Los Angeles. 在洛杉磯，煙霧污染是一個很嚴重的問題。 當我們飛入機場

56、時，可以看到深黃色的煙霧盤旋在城市的上空。As we flew into the airport, we could see a dark yellow smog hovering over the city. smog Practice :精選ppt1) singular; U the general feeling or attitude expressed in a piece of writing, a speech, an activity etc 基調；氣氛 e.g. The tone of the report was radical. 報告的基調十分激進。toneestabli

57、sh a particular mood or character for something 為某事確定基調 e.g. His funny opening speech set the tone for the evening. 他幽默風趣的開場白為整個晚會定下了基調。 set the tone for something n. 精選ppt2) C the quality of somebodys voice, especially expressing a particular ，emotion 語氣；口吻 e.g. Dont speak to your mother in that to

58、ne of voice. 不要用這樣的語氣對你媽媽說話。 It wasnt so much what she said that annoyed meit was her tone. 并不是她說的話，而是她說話的語氣把我惹惱了。set the tone for something Practice :精選pptobtain information in order to establish the truth about someone or something 檢查；核實 e.g. My parents are always checking up on me. 我父母老是查我在干什么。 c

59、heck up on I need to check up on a few things before I can decide. 我需要核實幾件事情后才能做決定。Practice :精選pptn. U the process of damaging the air, water or land with chemicals or other substances 污染 e.g. The new law is aimed at reducing pollution in the air. 新的法律旨在減少空氣的污染。pollution精選pptadj. very bad or unpleas

60、ant 可怕的 e.g. The coffee tastes horrible. 這咖啡太難喝了。 It was horrible sitting there all on my own. 我獨自一人坐在那兒太可怕了。horriblePractice :精選pptadj. slightly yellow 微黃色的e.g. The leaves vary from yellowish green to dark green. 樹葉的顏色從淡淡的黃綠到深綠不等。 yellowish 精選pptvt. leave a mark on (something) that is difficult to