寫(xiě)科技英文的注意事項(xiàng)

1、寫(xiě)科技英文注意事項(xiàng)寫(xiě)科技英文注意事項(xiàng)20132013年年4 4月月2727日日 Title （作者，單位等） Abrstact-對(duì)文章研究方法、結(jié)論、研究意義進(jìn)行概括。 Introduction -研究的是什么問(wèn)題？ Materials and Methods -這個(gè)問(wèn)題是怎樣研究的？ Results -發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么問(wèn)題？ Discussion -這些發(fā)現(xiàn)意味著什么？Conclusion- Acknowledgement References文章的結(jié)構(gòu)文章的結(jié)構(gòu) Conclusion should include:* A summary of your key findings.* A high

2、light of your hypothesis, new concepts and innovations.* A summary of key improvements compared to findings in literature. * Your vision for future work.Abstract 概括自己的研究方法、主要結(jié)果、結(jié)論和研究貢概括自己的研究方法、主要結(jié)果、結(jié)論和研究貢獻(xiàn)；獻(xiàn)；注意內(nèi)容邏輯性、條理性；注意內(nèi)容邏輯性、條理性； 注意縮寫(xiě)，摘要和全文中第一次出現(xiàn)要有全稱(chēng)；注意縮寫(xiě)，摘要和全文中第一次出現(xiàn)要有全稱(chēng)； 如果后面不再次出現(xiàn)不需要縮寫(xiě)；如果后面不再次出現(xiàn)

3、不需要縮寫(xiě)； 時(shí)態(tài)的一致性。時(shí)態(tài)的一致性。注意摘要的內(nèi)容邏輯性、條理性注意摘要的內(nèi)容邏輯性、條理性In this paper we report a new method for the production of carbon foams from. . . The abstract should start: Carbon foams were produced from. . . This is shorter and gets straight to the point. some journals ban the use of new, novel etc.A detailed ex

4、amination of the Raman spectra shows that. . . can be changed to The Raman spectra show that. . .摘要語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練摘要語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練注意縮寫(xiě)，摘要和全文中第一次出現(xiàn)要有全注意縮寫(xiě)，摘要和全文中第一次出現(xiàn)要有全稱(chēng)稱(chēng)時(shí)態(tài)的一致性時(shí)態(tài)的一致性Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) were both decorated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles and were characterized by scanning and tr

5、ansmission electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 注意縮寫(xiě)，如果后面不再次出現(xiàn)不需注意縮寫(xiě)，如果后面不再次出現(xiàn)不需要縮寫(xiě)要縮寫(xiě)Introduction 為什么要選擇某個(gè)研究對(duì)象（Motivation to engage in the proposed research）； 概述目前其研究對(duì)象的研究進(jìn)展（如方法，材料，原理等方面）； 目前存在的某個(gè)問(wèn)題需要解決； 提出自己研究

6、方法、研究目的、內(nèi)容和你的特殊貢獻(xiàn)； 注意需要參考大量的文獻(xiàn)。Materials and Methods描述所用的材料，實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置，實(shí)驗(yàn)方法，理論模型，計(jì)算方法等；提供恰到好處的細(xì)節(jié)，避免過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單或繁瑣（太復(fù)雜或不必要的公式，推導(dǎo)可以放入Supplementary materials。Results and DiscussionResults 只需如實(shí)匯報(bào)結(jié)果或數(shù)據(jù)即可，通常包括圖表，讀者在閱讀一篇論文時(shí)，往往看完題目和摘要就會(huì)瀏覽圖表，有興趣才會(huì)再讀其他部分。圖表非常重要，要簡(jiǎn)明，清晰，準(zhǔn)確，美化。圖要認(rèn)真的美化圖要認(rèn)真的美化圖里的文字要清楚圖里的文字要清楚Not good！三線表Discus

7、sion是精髓，其內(nèi)容包含： 提煉原理，揭示關(guān)聯(lián)，進(jìn)行歸納，提出分析、模型或理論； 解釋結(jié)果與作者的分析、模型或理論之間的聯(lián)系；u 注意多參考別人的結(jié)果、分析；u 注意語(yǔ)氣，不夸張，同時(shí)避免無(wú)關(guān)緊要或不相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。u遵循科技論文的基本要求如“講究邏輯，表達(dá)清晰，用詞準(zhǔn)確”。u少用長(zhǎng)的句子，每段要有“Leading Sentence”。u注意中西人思維方式的不同，中文人行文含蓄，西方直接，因此，即使一篇現(xiàn)成的中文論文，在其基礎(chǔ)上寫(xiě)英文也不能采用全盤(pán)“翻譯”。u多用西方人發(fā)的文章句子，表達(dá)自己的思想，盡量不要自己去寫(xiě)句子，學(xué)會(huì)如何“拿來(lái)”。Conclusions：總結(jié)論文的主要結(jié)果及其重要性，同時(shí)

8、點(diǎn)明局限性或保留的地方。結(jié)論是水道渠成，不應(yīng)有讓讀者感到驚奇的內(nèi)容，不應(yīng)該應(yīng)用文章其他部分未提及的文獻(xiàn)。 把Results和Discussion的精要部分進(jìn)行總結(jié)。時(shí)態(tài)（時(shí)態(tài)（tense)tense) 科技論文采用的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，但在列表、進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析或描述不爭(zhēng)事實(shí)時(shí)采用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：“Table 4 shows that” (列表）；These values are significantly greater than those of the females of the same age, indicating that the males grew more rapidly (

9、統(tǒng)計(jì)分析）；“Water was added and the towers became damp, which proves again that water is wet” (不爭(zhēng)事實(shí)）IntroductionMethodsResultsDiscussion現(xiàn)在時(shí) 大量使用很少很少大量過(guò)去時(shí) 偶爾使用大量大量偶爾時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)句子要注意語(yǔ)態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)形式、時(shí)態(tài)一致性，語(yǔ)法等問(wèn)題句子要注意語(yǔ)態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)形式、時(shí)態(tài)一致性，語(yǔ)法等問(wèn)題常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤名詞復(fù)數(shù)不能作定語(yǔ)名詞復(fù)數(shù)不能作定語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)單復(fù)數(shù)亂單復(fù)數(shù)亂主謂不一主謂不一不是句子不是句子單位不一單位不一主謂不一主謂不一時(shí)態(tài)亂時(shí)態(tài)亂錯(cuò)

10、誤錯(cuò)誤名稱(chēng)不一名稱(chēng)不一不要再贅述不要再贅述to characterize them by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, technique and instrument have been mixed. They should not be

11、mixed up. Please make changes accordingly throughout the whole manuscript.Response: the original sentence was changed to “to characterize them by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)

12、, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)”, Please note that when you use two numbers close together, you can omit the first unit. For example, wavelength of 212 nm and 213 nm.“ Response: the original sentence was changed to “ at wavelength of 212 and 213 nm. RespectivelyThe correct use of this w

13、ord is to link two or more lists in theorder in which items appear in them. Samples A, B, and C were heat-treated at 250, 400 and 600 oC, respectively, means that sample A was heated at 250 oC, sample B at 400 oC and sample C at 600 oC. Many people automatically add the word respectively after a lis

14、t, as in the following: Samples were heated at 250, 400, and 600 oC, respectively. The use of the word here is wrong and it must be deleted.1 X.L. Tan, Q.H. Fan, X.K. Wang and B. Grambow, Eu(III) sorption to TiO2 (anatase and rutile): batch, XPS, and EXAFS studies, Environ. Sci. Technol. 43 (9) (200

15、9) 31153121. 2J, Lu.； Jiao, X.； Chen, D.； Li, W. Solvothermal synthesis and characterization of Fe3O4 and -Fe2O3 nanoplates, J. Phys. Chem. C 113 (2009) 40124017. 3 S.B. Yang, J. Hu, C.L. Chen, D.D. Shao, X.K. Wang, Mutual Effects of Pb(II) and Humic Acid Adsorption on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes/P

16、olyacrylamide Composites from Aqueous Solutions, Environ. Sci. Technol. 45 (2011) 36213627.4 Z.H. Huang, X.Y. Zheng, W. Lv, M. Wang, Q.H. Yang, F.Y. Kang, Adsorption of lead(II) ions from aqueous solution on low-temperature exfoliated graphene nanosheets. Langmuir 27 (2011) 7558.5 D. Xu, X.L. Tan, C

17、L Chen, XK Wang, Removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes, J Hazard Mater 154 (2008) 407416. 參考文獻(xiàn)格式的一致性參考文獻(xiàn)格式的一致性 Manuscript, Cover Letter， TOC， Highlights， Suggested reviewers, Supplementary material投稿投稿修改：按照審稿意見(jiàn)逐條回答修改：按照審稿意見(jiàn)逐條回答Thank you very much for your k

18、ind email and the reviewers comments on our manuscript entitled “Eu(III) uptake on rectorite in the presence of humic acid: A macroscopic and spectroscopic study” (Ms. No.: JCIS-12-1827). The comments are valuable and very helpful for revising and improving our manuscript. We have revised the manuscript according to the comments,