Unit3_Why_I_teach

1、Unit ThreeWhy I Teach? Introductory Remarks Teaching has been considered an undesirable profession in many parts of the world. But why? Teachers pay and prestige are low in most countries. Teachers work long hours both during the day and in the evening. Teachers hard work often goes unnoticed and un

2、appreciated. Yet, there have always been people who love the teaching profession and choose teaching as their life-long career. Here, Mr. Beidler, professor of English at Lehigh University in Pennsylvania（賓夕法尼亞賓夕法尼亞州利哈伊大學(xué)州利哈伊大學(xué)）, U.S.A , gives his reasons why he teaches. The reasons are as following

3、: I teach because I like the pace of the academic calendar. I teach because teaching is a profession built on change. I teach because I like the freedom to make my own mistakes, to learn my own lessons, to stimulate myself and my students. I teach because I like to ask questions that students must s

4、truggle to answer. I teach because I enjoy finding ways of getting myself and my students out of the ivory tower and into the real world. So teaching gives me pace, and variety, and challenge, and the opportunity to keep on learning. The most important reasons why the author teaches are the followin

5、g. One is Vicky. Another is George. There is Jeanne. There is Jacqui. Love for his students is the most important reason why the author teaches?Peter G. Beidler Peter G. Beidler is a professor at Lehigh（美國里哈美國里哈伊大學(xué)伊大學(xué).1865） University. He teaches British medieval literature(英國中世紀文英國中世紀文學(xué)學(xué)） as well a

6、s American literature（美國文學(xué)美國文學(xué)）. He has won every teaching award that Lehigh offers, as well as two national teaching awards（兩個國家級的教學(xué)獎兩個國家級的教學(xué)獎）. He has taught for a year as a Fulbright professor at Sichuan University in Chengdu, Peoples Republic of China. He has published many books and over 100 ar

7、ticles, as well as a number of book reviews. In his spare time he renovates and builds houses. “It has always given me a sense of freedom,” he says, “to know that if teaching and writing did not work out, I could earn a living as a simple carpenter.”New Words and Expressions administrate: v.v.管理、支配管

8、理、支配 administration n. n. 管理（部門），行政（部門）管理（部門），行政（部門） administrative adj.adj.行政的，管理的行政的，管理的 profession n. n. 職業(yè)職業(yè) ，專業(yè)，專業(yè) professional a. a. 職業(yè)職業(yè)的，專業(yè)的的，專業(yè)的 convince vt. 使確信，使信服；說服使確信，使信服；說服 convince sb of sth 使某人確信使某人確信 convince sb that 使某人確信使某人確信 convince sb to do 說服說服做做 How can I convince you of her

9、 honesty? Her smile convinced him that she was happy. Ive been trying to convince him to come with me. convincing: adj. 令人信服的，有說服力的令人信服的，有說服力的 convinced: adj. 確信的，堅信的確信的，堅信的 be convinced of be convinced that I am convinced of his guilt. I am convinced that he is guilty. Academic calendar refers to t

10、he calendar used in an institution of education. It is a list of important events during the school year, such as when school terms begin, when exams are administered and when commencements are held. Academic Calendar academic calendar 校歷 academic year 學(xué)年學(xué)年 academic record 學(xué)習(xí)成績學(xué)習(xí)成績 academic freedom

11、學(xué)術(shù)自由學(xué)術(shù)自由 ? reflect v. 反射反射 深思，考慮深思，考慮 reflect (on/upon) Take your time to reflect before doing important things. reflection n. freshman n. 一年一年級級新生新生 sophomore n. 大二大二學(xué)學(xué)生生 junior n. 大三大三學(xué)學(xué)生生 senior n. 大四大四學(xué)學(xué)生生 fellowship n. 研究員職位；研究員薪金研究員職位；研究員薪金 fellow：學(xué)術(shù)團體的成員學(xué)術(shù)團體的成員 -ship: 表示情況、狀態(tài)、身份、資格或職務(wù)表示情況、狀態(tài)、

12、身份、資格或職務(wù) ownership所有權(quán)，所有制所有權(quán)，所有制 scholarship 獎學(xué)金獎學(xué)金 professorship教授身份教授身份 urban a a. . 城市的城市的 urb n. n. 城市，市區(qū)城市，市區(qū) suburb n.郊區(qū)，市郊郊區(qū)，市郊 sub- 前綴前綴. .低一等的，副的，附屬的低一等的，副的，附屬的 suburban a.a.郊區(qū)的，市郊的郊區(qū)的，市郊的 subeditor副編輯副編輯, , subtitle副標題副標題 rural a a. . 農(nóng)村的農(nóng)村的 intuition n.直覺直覺 by intuition 憑直覺憑直覺 outdo: v. 勝

13、過，超過勝過，超過 He tried to outdo his opponents.他試圖超過他的對手他試圖超過他的對手 。 The effects of psychological balance outdo all health measures.心理平衡的作用超過所有的心理平衡的作用超過所有的“保健保健“措施。措施。 注：注： out 通常放在動詞的前面表示通常放在動詞的前面表示“超過超過”或或“超越超越”的意思，而且的意思，而且多是多是及物動詞及物動詞。如：如： outnumber（在數(shù)量上超過某人在數(shù)量上超過某人）, outfight(賽過，勝過賽過，勝過），），outgrow（長得

14、比長得比高高/快快）, outfox（比比精明精明）, outlive（活得活得比比長長）, outplay（勝過，打敗勝過，打?。? outpoint（比比得分多得分多）, outrank（級別上高于級別上高于）, outrival（勝過勝過）, outsell（比比銷售的多或快銷售的多或快） outweigh: v v. .（在質(zhì)量、價值或重要性上）超過（在質(zhì)量、價值或重要性上）超過 Do the rewards of teaching outweigh the trying moments? 教書得到的教書得到的價值超過那些煎熬的時刻嗎？價值超過那些煎熬的時刻嗎？ The advanta

15、ges outweigh the disadvantages. 利大于弊。利大于弊。 The benefits of this treatment far outweigh any risks. 這種治療的好處遠遠超過任何風(fēng)險。這種治療的好處遠遠超過任何風(fēng)險。 2Many novels that attempt to mirror the world are really _ of the reality that they represent. A) reflections B) demonstration C) illustrations D) reproductions1In a tim

16、e of social reform, peoples state of mind tends to keep _ with the rapid changes of society. A) step B) progress C) pace D) touchMultiple Choice KEY KEY 4. Dont place too much _ on his advice. A) reliance B) emphasis C) trust D) obedience3. TV, if properly used, can _ a childs imagination. A) cause

17、B) arise C) encourage D) stimulateKEY KEY 5. The time of day when you feel most _ is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. A) energetic B) vigorous C) enthusiastic D) dynamic6. There was no person _ enough to understand it. A) known B) learned C) taught D) studiedKEY KEY 7. They got a

18、_ result, and they were wild joy. A) magic B) magician C) magnetic D) magical8. The new machine _ seeds evenly and quickly over the whole field. A) switched B) controlled C) risked D) distributedKEY KEY 9. Breaking Marys doll was purely _; John did not mean to do it. A) occasional B) accidental C) c

19、asual D) incidental10. I was _ the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived. A) to B) on C) at D) inKEY KEY Vocabulary activity 1. 1) urban 2) analysis 3) keep a diary 4) pace 5) technological 6) catch his breath 7) intuition 8) convince 9) Civil 10) was/has been renovated 2. 1) took (detail

20、ed) notes 2) switched 3) energetic 4) stimulated 5) built on/is built on 6) renovate 7) learned (man) 8) compelled 9) distributed 10) repay 3. 1) switch to 2) has set up 3) kept on 4) leave out 5) called on 6) send off 7) stayed up 8) found out 1) the point2) points3) There is no point in4) Whats th

21、e point of5) The point6) a pointPartsParagraphsMain Ideas11 2233 4114121952021Part Division of the TextWhile all Americans are taught to want money and power, I want to teach and this greatly puzzles my friends.I teach neither because teaching is easy for me, nor because I have so much knowledge tha

22、t I must share with my students.I love the teaching profession because teaching offers me a great number of rewards, such as pace, variety, intellectual challenge and the chance to keep on learning.Being a teacher, I can help and see my students grow and change in front of me.Teaching offers somethi

23、ng besides money and power: love. In addition, seeing students growing, I find myself growing and changing with them too. para.1 I didnt want to be considered for an administrative position. to be considered for to think about I didnt want to think about an administrative position. 我不想謀求行政職務(wù)我不想謀求行政職

24、務(wù). Para.1 He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a “step up” toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power. What does the expression “step up” mean? “Step up” means “promotion”, which can bring him money and power. For example, a university administra

25、tor earns more money and has more power than an average professor and most Americans would be only too pleased to get a “step up” towards these goals. How to paraphrase the sentence? While all Americans are taught to want money and power, I dont want an promotion toward money and power, and this gre

26、atly puzzles my friends. Para.1 He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a “step up” toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 所有美國人受的教育是長大成人后應(yīng)該追求金錢和權(quán)所有美國人受的教育是長大成人后應(yīng)該追求金錢和權(quán)力，而我卻不要明明是朝這個目標力，而我卻不要明明是朝這個目標“邁進邁進

27、”的工作，的工作，他為之大惑不解。他為之大惑不解。 Para.2 Certainly I dont teach because teaching is easy for me. How to translate the sentence? 當(dāng)然，我教書不是因為教書當(dāng)然，我教書不是因為教書對我來說容易。對我來說容易。 negative shift 否定轉(zhuǎn)移否定轉(zhuǎn)移 Copernicus didnt do it by uncovering more information. 哥白尼哥白尼不是通過發(fā)現(xiàn)更多地信息不是通過發(fā)現(xiàn)更多地信息而做了這件事。而做了這件事。 VI. Structure 1) I

28、didnt leave college because I was tired of learning. 2) We didnt set up the corporation merely because we wanted to make profits. 3) John didnt marry Alice because she was rich, or because she was pretty. 4) He didnt join the Confederate army because he stood for slavery. 5) The police didnt arrest

29、him because he had really committed any crime, or because he was an escaped prisoner. Para.2 Why does the author call teaching a red-eye, sweaty-palm, and sinking-stomach profession? Teaching is a profession that makes my eyes red for lack of sleep. Teaching is a profession that my palms are sweaty

30、because of nervousness. Teaching is a profession that my stomach sinks because I often feels so disappointed with my lectures. Para.2 Sinking-stomach, because I leave the classroom an hour later convinced that I was even more boring than usual. How to understand convinced that I was even more boring

31、 than usual? 這是一個這是一個過去分詞短語過去分詞短語，在句中作，在句中作狀語狀語。More Examples:Destroyed in the storm, the house will be rebuilt.Once published，this book will be popular with the students. Being shy, he didnt come to the party. 現(xiàn)在分詞短語現(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中做狀語在句中做狀語 Crusoe stared at the footprint, full of fear. 形容詞短語形容詞短語在句中做狀語在句

32、中做狀語 Destroyed in the storm, the house will be rebuilt. 過去分詞短語過去分詞短語在句中做狀語在句中做狀語 The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved. The Trojans asleep, the Greek soldiers crept out of the hollow wooden horse 特洛伊人睡著了，于是希臘士兵從中空的木馬里悄悄爬了出來。特洛伊人睡著了，于是希臘士兵從中空的木馬里悄悄爬了出來。 獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨立主格結(jié)

33、構(gòu)相同點：獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和分詞短語、形容相同點：獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和分詞短語、形容短語在句中都可以做狀語。短語在句中都可以做狀語。不同點：獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語句子的不同點：獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語句子的主語不相同，而分詞短語、形容詞短語的主語不相同，而分詞短語、形容詞短語的主語和句子的主語是一致的。主語和句子的主語是一致的。 More practice on P 57. 1) We all left the meeting convinced that the project was feasible. 2) Peter got home tired out from the three-month-

34、long journey to the Antarctic. 3) They went hunting for hours, but they returned empty-handed. 4) He entered the office still annoyed by the way she had spoken to him. (Paras. 411) In this part, how many reasons were given about why the author teacher? FiveFind out the concluding paragraph in this p

35、art. Para.11 So teaching gives me pace, and variety, and challenge, and the opportunity to keep on learning 所以說，教所以說，教書書使我的使我的生活生活有規(guī)律，使我的生活豐富多有規(guī)律，使我的生活豐富多彩，彩，還有還有挑戰(zhàn)，也給了我不斷學(xué)習(xí)的機會。挑戰(zhàn)，也給了我不斷學(xué)習(xí)的機會。What figure of speech（修辭）（修辭）does the author use in this part? I teach because . I teach because I teach Par

36、allelism Other example in this part I teach because I like the freedom to make my own mistakes, to learn my own lessons, to stimulate myself and my students. 我教書是因為我喜歡我教書是因為我喜歡有讓自己犯錯誤的自由，有讓自有讓自己犯錯誤的自由，有讓自己吸取教訓(xùn)的自由，有激勵自己和激勵學(xué)生的自由己吸取教訓(xùn)的自由，有激勵自己和激勵學(xué)生的自由。 Para. 6 What does the author mean when he says “ t

37、eaching is a profession built on change”? When the material is the same, I change and, more important, my students change. Even if I use the same textbook I have used before, I always teach in a different way as I may have new ideas about the subject. Each year I have new students who are different

38、from the ones I have taught before and therefore I have to change my way of teaching accordingly to meet their needs. Para.7 If I want my freshmen to learn to write by creating their own textbook, who is to say I cant? to learn to write by creating their own textbook 通過自行編寫課本的辦法來學(xué)習(xí)寫作通過自行編寫課本的辦法來學(xué)習(xí)寫作

39、 How to translate the sentence? 如果我想要求一年級學(xué)生如果我想要求一年級學(xué)生通過自行編寫課本的辦法通過自行編寫課本的辦法來學(xué)習(xí)寫作來學(xué)習(xí)寫作，誰能說我不可以那樣做呢，誰能說我不可以那樣做呢? ? Para.8 I teach because I like to ask questions that students must struggle to answer. The world is full of right answers to bad questions. While teaching, I sometimes find good questions

40、. What does “bad questions” refer to? It refers to careless questions or simple questions that every student can answer easily without difficulty. What can you infer from the sentence? The questions I asked that students must struggle to answer are good questions which are useful for my stuents. Tra

41、nslate this sentence into Chinese. 我們這個世界有無窮無盡的正確答案來對付拙劣的問題。我們這個世界有無窮無盡的正確答案來對付拙劣的問題。 Ivory tower Institutions like universities and colleges are often referred to as “ivory towers” where professors and their students engage in pursuits that are disconnected from the practical concerns of everyday l

42、ife . “Living in an ivory tower” usually depicts theintellectuals who live only for their work and dont care much about social and political affairs. They concentrate their entire efforts on the quest for what they perceive to be scientific or artistic truth. Para.9 I teach because I enjoy finding w

43、ays of getting myself and my students out of the ivory tower and into the real world. 我教書，是因為我喜歡想方設(shè)法我教書，是因為我喜歡想方設(shè)法使自己和我的學(xué)生從象使自己和我的學(xué)生從象牙塔里走出來，步入現(xiàn)實世界。牙塔里走出來，步入現(xiàn)實世界。 I once taught a course called “Self-Reliance in a Technological Society.” My 15 students read Emerson, Thoreau, and Huxley. They kept dia

44、ries. They wrote term papers. Why did the author ask his students to read Emerson, Thoreau, and Huxley? Ralph Waldo Emerson was a leader of the philosophical movement of transcendentalism (先驗說先驗說, 超越論超越論). His essays had a strong influence on both American and European readers and writers. In a spee

45、ch entitled “the American Scholar,” he called upon American students to “Know Thyself” and “Study Nature. ” In the essay “Self-Reliance” he stresses the importance of sturdy independence in thought and action. Ralph Waldo Emerson American philosopher，essayist and poet (1830-1882)Henry David Thoreau

46、American naturalist, essayist and poet (1817-1862) Thoreau was educated at Harvard University. After graduation from Harvard University in 1837, Thoreau started a school that was perhaps the first in America to introduce field trips for nature study. In 1845 he built a small cabin at Walden Pond wit

47、h his own hands and lived there until 1847, spending 27 cents a week for food to supplement the vegetables he raised. In 1854, he published his masterpiece Walden or, Life in the Woods. In Walden, Thoreau records his life in the woods and describes freshly and vividly the changing seasons and other

48、natural events and scenes that he observed. English novelist, essayist, critic, and poet (1893-1963) Aldous Huxley In his works he expressed concern that the pursuit of material possessions was taking place at the expense of individual freedom and a respect for nature. He satirized such trends in Br

49、ave New World (1932), a novel set in a future world where individuality is deliberately stifled. In Island (1962), on the other hand, he presents his utopia, a libertarian community living in close harmony with its natural environment. Para.10 But we also set up a corporation, borrowed money, purcha

50、sed a run-down house and practiced self-reliance by renovating it. At the end of the semester, we sold the house, repaid our loan, paid our taxes, and distributed the profits among the group. 但除此而外，我們還辦起一個公司，借錢買下一所破舊但除此而外，我們還辦起一個公司，借錢買下一所破舊的房屋，的房屋，通過對這一建筑物的整修翻新，實踐通過對這一建筑物的整修翻新，實踐自力更生自力更生的的活動活動。在期末我們

51、把房子賣掉，還清貸款，繳了稅，。在期末我們把房子賣掉，還清貸款，繳了稅，把獲的利益在大伙間分發(fā)了把獲的利益在大伙間分發(fā)了。Paras.12-17Please find out some special persons the author has taught. One is Vicky.Another is George.There is Jeanne.There is Jacqui.What are the most important reasons the author gives for choosing teaching as his profession. Love for hi

52、s students is the most important reason why the author teaches. Para.13 About Vicky One is Vicky. My first doctoral student, Vicky was an energetic student who labored at her dissertation on a little-known 14th century poet. She wrote articles and sent them off to learned journals. She did it all he

53、rself, with an occasional nudge from me. But I was there when she finished her dissertation, learned that her articles were accepted, got a job and won a fellowship to Harvard working on a book developing ideas shed first had as my student.其中一個其中一個是是維基維基。維基是維基是我的第一個博士生我的第一個博士生。她精力充沛，。她精力充沛，孜孜不倦地撰寫她那

54、篇孜孜不倦地撰寫她那篇關(guān)于關(guān)于1414世紀一位不知名詩人世紀一位不知名詩人的學(xué)位論的學(xué)位論文。她寫過一些文章，寄給了文。她寫過一些文章，寄給了學(xué)術(shù)刊物學(xué)術(shù)刊物。這一切都由她獨立。這一切都由她獨立完成，完成，偶爾偶爾我這兒得到點我這兒得到點指點指點。我親眼看到了她完成論文，。我親眼看到了她完成論文，看到了她得悉自己的文章被采用，親眼目睹她找到了工作并看到了她得悉自己的文章被采用，親眼目睹她找到了工作并獲得了在哈佛大學(xué)當(dāng)研究員的職位，獲得了在哈佛大學(xué)當(dāng)研究員的職位，著書論述她在做我學(xué)生著書論述她在做我學(xué)生時萌發(fā)的思想。時萌發(fā)的思想。 Para.14 About George Another rea

55、son is George, who started as an engineering student, then switched to English because he decided he liked people better than things. 他開始學(xué)的是他開始學(xué)的是工程學(xué)工程學(xué)，后來他深信自己愛人勝過愛物，后來他深信自己愛人勝過愛物，所以改學(xué)英語。所以改學(xué)英語。How to understand the sentence?A student of English mainly studies literature, which reflects mans life a

56、nd thought, while an engineering student focuses on the making of things. Para.15 About Jeanne There is Jeanne, who left college, but was brought back by her classmates because they wanted her to see the end of the self-reliance house project. I was there when she came back. I was there when she tol

57、d me that she later became interested in the urban poor and went on to become a civil rights lawyer. 還有珍妮。她中途輟學(xué)，但是她的同學(xué)把她拉了還有珍妮。她中途輟學(xué)，但是她的同學(xué)把她拉了回來，因為他們想讓她看到自力更生整修舊房子回來，因為他們想讓她看到自力更生整修舊房子這一項目的結(jié)果。我親眼看到她回來了。我親耳這一項目的結(jié)果。我親眼看到她回來了。我親耳聽到她對我說，她后來對聽到她對我說，她后來對城市貧民城市貧民產(chǎn)生了興趣，產(chǎn)生了興趣，繼而成繼而成為為一名一名公民權(quán)的律師公民權(quán)的律師。 Para.

58、16 About JacquiThere is Jacqui, a cleaning woman who knows more by intuition than most of us learn by analysis. Jacqui has decided to finish high school and go to college. 還要一提清潔女工杰基。還要一提清潔女工杰基。她憑直覺了解的事情比我們她憑直覺了解的事情比我們多數(shù)人通過分析弄清的東西還要多。多數(shù)人通過分析弄清的東西還要多。杰基已經(jīng)決定讀杰基已經(jīng)決定讀完中學(xué)，然后還要上大學(xué)。完中學(xué)，然后還要上大學(xué)。Para.17 Bein

59、g a teacher is being present at the creation, when the clay begins to breathe. How to understand the sentence? According to the Bible, man was created by God out of clay. Here the author compares the job of a teacher to the work of God. What can you infer from this sentence? We can infer from this s

60、entence that the author implies that the teacher helps the student to become a real man or woman. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 老師是創(chuàng)造的見證人，他目睹人體開始呼吸，開始老師是創(chuàng)造的見證人，他目睹人體開始呼吸，開始有了生命。有了生命。 Para.18 A “promotion” out of teaching would give me money and power. But I have money. I get paid to do what I