Gsm呼叫流程(基本)

1、目的和內(nèi)容目的和內(nèi)容t目的p介紹GSM正常的呼叫流程（空中接口、A-bis接口和A接口）t內(nèi)容pGSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議介紹p無線鏈路建立流程（Radio and Link Establishment Procedure）pTCH正常分配流程（Normal Assignment Procedure） p主叫流程（Originating Call）p被叫流程（Terminating Call）p位置更新流程（Location Updating）p切換流程（Handover Procedure）p呼叫釋放流程（Call Release Procedure）p信道釋放流程（Channel Release Pr

2、ocedure）GSMGSM協(xié)議協(xié)議層數(shù)層數(shù)無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化主要關(guān)心第三層的無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化主要關(guān)心第三層的信令信令無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化主要關(guān)心無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化主要關(guān)心DTAPDTAP、RSLRSL的信令的信令無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化主要關(guān)心無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化主要關(guān)心DTAPDTAP、BSSMAPBSSMAP和部分和部分SCCPSCCP的信令的信令DTAPRSLOMLGSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議t信令解碼介紹信令流程的主要階段信令流程的主要階段t信令流程的主要階段tLayer 3介紹pRR : 無線資源管理（Radio Resource Management）由MS、BTS和BSC控制功能舉例 Paging管理（P

3、aging Management） 加密管理（Ciphered Mode Management） 頻點(diǎn)分配（Frequency Redefinition） 信道分配（Dedicated Channel Assignment） 切換（Handover Management ） 測量和功率控制（Measures and Power Control）pMM : 移動(dòng)性管理（Mobility Management）由MS和MSC / VLR控制功能舉例 鑒權(quán)和身份識(shí)別（Authentication / Identification Procedures） 位置更新（Location Updating）

4、 IMSI Attach / DetachGSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議pCC : 呼叫控制（Call Control）由MS和MSC控制功能舉例 呼叫處理和路由（Call processing and routing） 雙音多頻（DTMF Facilities） 短消息服務(wù)（Short Message Service） 附加服務(wù)（Supplementary Service）GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議t定義p手機(jī)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)間建立一個(gè)無線鏈路，用于信令傳送p包括以下四個(gè)步驟Paging過程（Paging Procedure）（僅用于被叫流程中）隨機(jī)接入過程（Random Access Procedure）立即分

5、配過程（Immediate Assignment Procedure）SCCP聯(lián)接建立過程（SCCP Connection Establishment Procedure） 當(dāng)手機(jī)需要與網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)生聯(lián)系時(shí)，必須要當(dāng)手機(jī)需要與網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)生聯(lián)系時(shí)，必須要先建立無線鏈路和先建立無線鏈路和A A接口的信令連接接口的信令連接無線鏈路建立流程無線鏈路建立流程MSBTSBSCMSCChannel RequestChannel RequiredChannel Activation（SD）Channel Act Ack （SD）Immediate AssignmentCommandUI Imm Assignment /

6、 Imm Ass ExtST9103ET9103ST3126ET3126ST3101SABM L3 InfoEst Ind L3 InfoSCCP Con Rqrd L3SCCP Conn ConfirmET3101ST9105ET9105UA L3 Info（RACH）（）（Est Cause，Rnd Nbr）（Est Cause，Rnd Nbr，TA）RACH_TA_FilteringRACH_TA_Filtering（TA，BS/MS_TxPwr -Max，Chann）空中接口空中接口AbisAbis接口接口A A接口接口（Rnd Nbr隨機(jī)序列碼隨機(jī)序列碼，TDMA Frame Nbr

7、，Chan ，TA）（AGCH）同時(shí)對兩個(gè)同時(shí)對兩個(gè)MSMS分配分配SDCCHSDCCH（SDCCH）無線鏈路建立流程無線鏈路建立流程MSBTSBSCMSCAuthentication ReqCiphering Mode CmdAuthentication ReqAuthentication ReqAuthentication RespAuthentication RespAuthentication RespEncryption CommandCiphering Mode CmdCiphering Mode CmpCiphering Mode CmpCiphering Mode CmpTMS

8、I Realloc CmdTMSI Realloc CmdTMSI Realloc CmdTMSI Realloc CmpTMSI Realloc CmpTMSI Realloc CmpAuthenticationCipheringTMSI ReallocST3260ET3260*Authentication Reject*IdentificationIdentification RequestST3270ET3270Identification RequestIdentification RequestIdentification ResponseIdentification RespIde

9、ntification ResponseST3250ET3250（RAND）（SRES）RANDRAND與與KiKi經(jīng)過經(jīng)過A3A3算法算法得到得到SRESSRES；經(jīng)過經(jīng)過A8A8算算法得到法得到KcKc比較比較SRESSRES（IMSI）選擇加密算法選擇加密算法（Permitted Alg，Kc）準(zhǔn)備解密接收準(zhǔn)備解密接收（Alg，Kc）（Alg（A5算法）算法）開始加開始加密發(fā)射密發(fā)射和解密和解密接收接收如正確解密接收，則下條如正確解密接收，則下條消息加密發(fā)射消息加密發(fā)射已加密的消息已加密的消息（TMSI）VLRVLR從從HLRHLR處得處得到到RAND/SRRAND/SRES/KcES/

10、Kc鑒權(quán)、身份識(shí)別、加密、鑒權(quán)、身份識(shí)別、加密、TMSI重重新分配過程新分配過程t定義p分配TCH的過程p特殊情況排隊(duì)（Queuing）直接重試（Directed Retry）TCH分配過程分配過程MSBTSBSCMSCChannel Activation TCHSABM (FACCH)Channel Activation Ack.Assignment CommandAssignment CommandAssignment RequestPhysical Context RequestPhysical Context ConfirmEstablish IndicationUAAssignmen

11、t CompleteAssignment CompleteAssignment CmpRF Channel Release (SD)RF Channel Release Ack.STrr1ETrr1ST9108ET9108ST9103ET9103ST3107ET3107（Chn Type，Priority，CIC，DL DTX，Queuing Flag）（TA，MS/BS_TxPwr）（SDCCH）（TA，MS/BS_TxPwr）（MA，TS，HSN，MAIO，MS_TxPwr）占用占用TCHTCH時(shí)，如需傳送信令，則通過時(shí)，如需傳送信令，則通過Stealing FlagStealing Fl

12、ag將將TCHTCH轉(zhuǎn)換成轉(zhuǎn)換成FACCHFACCH一般情況下，在一般情況下，在RFRF信道釋放前都有信道釋放前都有Physical Context ReqPhysical Context Req過程過程TCH分配過程分配過程MSBTSBSCMSCSABM (FACCH)Channel ActivationHO CMDAssignment RequestPhysical Con ReqChan. Act. Ack.HO DetectionUAPhys. InfoAssignment CmpST11ST3103Queuing IndicationET11At this time, a TCH b

13、ecome freeTCH擁塞和排隊(duì)Assignment RequestST11Queuing IndicationET11A Handover alarm is raised. A target BTS is selectedHO CMDHO AccessST9103ET9103TTSTTEstablish IndicationTTHO CMPTHO CMPST3124ET3124ET3103直接重試如果如果Queuing Ind=TrueQueuing Ind=True或或Queuing_Anyway=TrueQueuing_Anyway=True。（。（當(dāng)當(dāng)Queuing _Anyway

14、Queuing _Anyway時(shí)時(shí)T11_ForcedT11_Forced取代取代T11T11TCH分配過程分配過程排隊(duì)和直接重試排隊(duì)和直接重試主叫過程主叫過程MSBTSBSCMSCRR Connection EstablishmentRR Connection EstablishmentRR Connection EstablishmentAuthentication ProcedureCiphering ProcedureAuthentication ProcedureAuthentication ProcedureCiphering ProcedureCiphering Procedur

15、eTMSI Realloc ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureCall ProceedingSETUPSETUPSETUPCall ProceedingCall ProceedingAssignment ProcedureAssignment ProcedureAssignment Procedure（called party nbr）ESTIN (CM_Serv_Req)CM_Serv_Req(CM Service Type)SDCCHAlertingAlertingAlertingConnectConnectConne

16、ctConnect Ack.Connect Ack.Connect Ack.Speech先建立先建立TCHTCH，再再接通接通B B側(cè)信道。側(cè)信道。AlertingAlerting在在FACCHFACCH上發(fā)送上發(fā)送TCHCM SERVICE ACCEPTCM SERVICE ACCEPTCM SERVICE ACCEPTCLASSMARK UPDAECLASSMARK CHANGECLASSMARK UPDAEMSBTSBSCMSCCall ConfirmedESTIN (Paging Resp)RR Connection EstablishmentRR Connection Establi

17、shmentRR Connection EstablishmentAuthentication ProcedureAuthentication ProcedureAuthentication ProcedureCiphering ProcedureCiphering ProcedureCiphering ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureSETUPSETUPSETUPCall ConfirmedCall ConfirmedAssignment ProcedureAssignmen

18、t ProcedureAssignment ProcedureAlertingAlertingAlertingConnectConnectConnectConnect Ack.Connect Ack.Connect Ack.Speech 被叫過程只有主叫號(hào)碼，主叫過程只有被叫號(hào)碼Paging ResponsePagingPaging CommandPaging RequestST3113ET3113Paging GroupPaging Group的個(gè)數(shù)（的個(gè)數(shù)（N N）：）：由由BS_AG_BLKS_RESBS_AG_BLKS_RES和和BS_PA_MFRMSBS_PA_MFRMS決定決定;

19、;MSMS的的Paging Group = (IMSI mod 1000) mod Paging Group = (IMSI mod 1000) mod N;MSN;MS只監(jiān)聽自己對應(yīng)的只監(jiān)聽自己對應(yīng)的Paging GroupPaging Group的的Paging ReqPaging Req消息消息（MS ID（TMSI/IMSI），），Cell ID（LAC/LAC+CI）（MS ID（TMSI/IMSI），），Paging Group）（MS ID（TMSI/IMSI）（最多可同時(shí)發(fā)最多可同時(shí)發(fā)4個(gè)個(gè)TMSI）（Mobile ID，Classmark2，Priority，），）（call

20、ing party nbr）被叫過程被叫過程MSBTSBSCMSCClear CMDESTIN (Loc Up Req)RR Connection EstablishmentRR Connection EstablishmentRR Connection EstablishmentAuthentication ProcedureAuthentication ProcedureAuthentication ProcedureCiphering ProcedureCiphering ProcedureCiphering ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureTMSI Rea

21、lloc ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureLoc Up AcceptChannel ReleaseDeactivate SACCHDISCRelease IndicationUARF Ch ReleaseLoc Up ReqLoc Up AcceptLoc Up AcceptChannel ReleaseRF Ch Release AckClear CMPST3210ET3210（LU Type，MS ID，LAI，Classmark1，），）位置更新過程位置更新過程MSBTSservingBSCMSCBTStargetHO Alarm & Candida

22、te CellChannel ActivationChannel Act Ack.HO CommandHO CommandHO AccessHO DetectionSABMEstablish IndUAHandover CompleteHandover CompleteHandover PerformedRF Channel ReleaseRF Channel Rel. Ack.ST9103ET9103ST3103ST3103ST3105ET3105Physical InfoST3124ET3124ST200ET200ST_RCR_ACKET_RCR_ACKPhys Context ReqPh

23、ys Context ConfST9108ET9108Meas ReportMeas Result沒有沒有Physical Cont Physical Cont ReqReq過程，原信道上的過程，原信道上的TATA不能被沿用到新的信不能被沿用到新的信道上道上測量測量TATA（TA）（TA被采用）被采用）在在RFRF信道釋放前，有信道釋放前，有Physical Physical Context ReqContext Req過程過程Internal Inter Cell切換過程切換過程異異步切換步切換Clear Command如果帶有HO成功則表示切換成功ET3124ST3124ST200ET20

24、0External Inter Cell切換過程切換過程異步切換異步切換MSBTSservingBSCservingMSCBTStargetMeas ReportMeas ResultHO Alarm & Candidate CellChannel ActivationChannel Act Ack.HO CommandHO CommandHO AccessHO DetectionSABMEstablish IndUAHandover CompleteHandover CompleteHO CompleteRF Channel ReleaseRF Ch. Rel. Ack.BSCtar

25、getHO Required要求切出HO Request要求切入HO Request Ack.HO CommandPhys Information（SCCP Con Required）（SCCP Con Conf）.Clear CompleteSCCP ReleasedSCCP Rel. Cmp.STrr2ETrr2ST_HO_REQ_LostST9103ST9103ST9113ST3103ET3103ST3106ET3106ST8ET8ET9113ET_HO_REQ_LostMSBTSBSCMSCDisconnectDisconnectDisconnectReleaseReleaseReleaseRelease CompleteRelease CompleteRelease Complete手機(jī)觸發(fā)的呼叫釋放DisconnectDisconnectDisconnectReleaseReleaseReleaseRelease CompleteRelease CompleteRelease Complete網(wǎng)絡(luò)觸發(fā)的呼叫釋放呼叫釋放過程呼叫釋放過程t信