初中英語語法形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級簡單記法

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級一.形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的變化方法如下(1) 符合規(guī)則的：情 況加 法例 詞一 般 情 況直接加 -er ; -estall-taller-tallest以e結(jié)尾的詞加 r ; -stnice-nicer-nicest以“輔音+y”結(jié)尾的詞變y為i再加-er ; -estdry-drier-driestheavy-heavier-heaviest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞輔音字母雙寫，再加-er ; -estthin-thinner-thinnest多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)單詞在詞前加 more ; mostmore deliciousmos

2、t delicious(2)幾個(gè)不規(guī)則的形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級如下表：一分為二有兩個(gè)， 一是遠(yuǎn)來一是老。合二為一共三對， 壞病兩多并兩好。 還有一詞雙意含， 只譯少來不譯小。原 級比較級最高級farfarther / furtherfarthest / furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldestbad / ill/badlyworseworstmany /muchmoremostgood / wellbetterbestlittlelessleast二形容詞和副詞比較級的用法級別比較程度表達(dá)方式和意義例 句備 注原級同等程度肯定形式As+原級+as(像一樣)A

3、rt is as interesting as music.Play as well as you can.否定形式not + so (as) +原級+as(不如那樣)English is not so difficult as science.She does not study so well as I do. 比較級不同程度（用于兩者比較）比較級+than(比)Jim is older than Luky.I like pork better than beef.比較級前面可以加much, far, even, still,a lot, a little, a bit等程度加深比較級+a

4、nd+比較級（越來越）The + 比較級，the + 比較級（越, 越）He is growing taller and taller.He studies better and better.The more books she reads, the better she understand.最高級最高程度（用于三者或三者以上）The +最高級+of (in)(最)Spring is the best season of the year.Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all.副詞最高級前面的the 往往省略注意：有些形容詞，如 dead, empty,

5、 round, sure, woolen 等受本身含義的限制，沒有比較級。 例題解析1. He is _ friends than I.A. much more B. many more C. very more D. too more解析： 后面有可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)， many的比較級形式為many more 修飾。 應(yīng)選B.2. Which is the _ country, Japan or Australia? A. more developed B. more developing C. most developed D. most developing解析：兩者比較用比較級,表示發(fā)達(dá)用

6、 developed, 而developing 是 發(fā)展中的 意思3There were _ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990.A. little B. few C. fewer D. less解析：little 不能修飾可數(shù)名詞，兩者比較需用比較級， 所以應(yīng)選C.4. If you are not free today, come another day _A. too B. so C. instead D. yet 解析：instead 作副詞用時(shí)意為代替，頂替， 表示前面的事情沒做， 而是做了后面的事。Instead一般位于句首。應(yīng)選C.5He

7、 cant tell us _, I think. A. important anything B. anything importantC. important something D. something important. 解析：不定代詞與形容詞聯(lián)用需后置，否定句中應(yīng)該用anything而不是something. 因此應(yīng)選B6. The Huang River is the second _ river in our country. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest 解析：定冠詞the+ 序數(shù)詞 + 形容詞最高級 表示第幾大 應(yīng)選

8、C.7. The light in the office wasnt _for him to read. A. enough bright B. bright enough C. brightly D. enough brightly 解析：enough修飾名詞時(shí)可前可后， 修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)， 要后置。應(yīng)選B.8. There was an accident at the corner. _, the girl wasnt _hurt. A. luckily, badly B. luck, hardly C. Lucky, heavily D. Lucky, strongly 解析：第一空修

9、飾全句需用副詞，第二空修飾形容詞hurt也要用副詞， 因此選A.9. You must keep your eyes _ when you do eye exercises. A. close B. open C. closed D., opened 解析: 此處需用形容詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語。 應(yīng)選C.10. Five days has passed , but I havent finished half of the work. _, A. already B. still C. too D. yet解析：already 與 yet 都可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。Already常用于肯定句， 而yet

10、常用與否定句。應(yīng)選D.三形容詞副詞比較級最高級的其他用法（1）和冠詞連用the 形容詞原級v(復(fù))，指一類人或物the 形容詞比較級，指兩者中“較的”的那一個(gè)，eg. the younger of the two a/ an 形容詞比較級eg. The pen is expensive. I want a cheaper one. ( a) most形容詞最高級“非?！眅g. a most beautiful city( 2 ) 相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)1) 原級比較：肯定句 as.as., 否定句not so / as.as.2) 比較句： 比較級 than.或more (less) .than.The f

11、urniture in this shop is less beautiful than that in that shop.(注意代詞that的用法)3) 比較級 and比較級 或 more and more比較級 “越來越 ”richer and richer, more and more interesting4) The more., the more.“越， 越”The more you look at the picture, the better you will like it. 5) 比較級than any other n. （單） （適用于范圍一致時(shí)） (all) othe

12、r n.（復(fù)） any n.(單) （適用于范圍不一致時(shí)） He is taller than any other student / all other students in his class. any student in my class.6) 倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, lon

13、ger, etc.)than B.用times 表倍數(shù)通常用于三倍以上，兩倍可以用twice或double.The new building is four times the size (the height)of the old one.這座新樓比那座舊樓大三倍（高三倍）。 Asia is four times as large as Europe.亞洲比歐洲大三倍。Your school is three times bigger than ours.你們的學(xué)校比我們的學(xué)校大三倍。7) morethan結(jié)構(gòu)，其意往往是rather than，可譯為“是而不是”或顛倒詞序譯作“與其說是，不

14、如說是”。That little girl is more tired than hungry. 那個(gè)小姑娘是累了而不是餓了。 She is more a mother than a wife或She is more of a mother than a wife.她是賢妻，更是良母。8) A is to B what C is to D A和B的關(guān)系就像C和D的關(guān)系 Air is to man what water is to fish. 空氣 對于人類就像水和魚的關(guān)系。9) no more than= only “只不過”，言其少not more than=at most “不多于”，“至

15、少”，指事實(shí)。 no more than 和一樣不 如單音節(jié)使用比較級形式 not morethan 不比更no less than= as much as “多達(dá)” no fewer than= as many as例：I have no more than five yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里的錢只不過5元。 I have not more than five yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里的錢不多于5元。 He is no richer than I.他和我一樣窮。He is no less determined than you. 他的決心不亞于你。

16、(no less determined than等于“其決心不亞于你”，言其大) He is not less determined than you. 他的決心不比你小。(not less determined than等于“其決心不小于”，無言其大或小的含義) 10) 最高級of/ in/ among. He is the tallest of the three/ among them/ in is class.四相關(guān)詞語辨析1.very 和much A）very修飾形容詞、副詞的原級；much修飾比較級；修飾動(dòng)詞用much或very much ,eg. I very like Engl

17、ish.(),因改為：I like English very much.B) 表示狀態(tài)的過去分詞前用very。a very frightened boy, a very tired child .一般的情況下，以-ed結(jié)尾的分詞多用much、very much / greatly等修飾。如：We were greatly /much shocked by the news about Tom. C) 已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞的現(xiàn)在分詞前用very。如：very interesting / worrying / exciting D）too前用much/ far ,不用very。You are much

18、/ far / a lot too nice.另外，在too many / much, too few / little前用far。 Weve got far too many eggs and far too few egg cups. E)還有修飾詞既不用very,也不用much. eg. be well worth doing, be well above the tree2. so和suchA)so that 與such that 的區(qū)別。so + 形容詞 / 副詞 + that so + 形容詞 + a（n）+ 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that so + many / much / lit

19、tle / few + 名詞 + that such + a(n)+ 形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that such + 形容詞 + 不可數(shù)名詞 + that such + 形容詞 + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that 注意： 但當(dāng)little表示“小”時(shí)用such。如：These are such little boys that they cant dress t hemselves.下列so的用法是錯(cuò)誤的：so a difficult problem, so difficult problems, so hot weather。B) some/ any/ every/ no/ each/ all/

20、another/ several/ few/ many/ one/ two +such+n. eg. no such word3. be too much + n. be much too+ adj. be too much for sb. 對太過分了4. cant be too +adj.= cant be +adj.+ enough “無論都不為過” You can never be careful enough.= You can never be too careful.你越小心越好。練習(xí)與鞏固選擇最佳答案填空：1 Dont worry, sir. Im sure I can run

21、_ to catch up with them. A. slowly enough B. enough slowly C. fast enough D. enough fast2. The text is very easy for you. There are _ new words in it. A. a few B. a little C. few D. little3. Its such an _ film that all the students are _ in it. A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting C

22、. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested; interested4. Mingming got up very _,so he came to school half an hour _. A. late; lately B. lately; late C. lately; lately D. late; late5. I am _ worried about y parents healthy conditions. A. some times B. sometime C. sometimes D. some times6. W

23、e dont have _ every day. A. a lot of school works B. many school work C. any school works D. much school work7. -Look! How fast the two horses are running! -Oh, yes! They are nearly _. A. up and down B. slower and slower C. more or less D. neck and neck8. _ children there are in family,_ their life

24、will be. A. The less; the better B. The fewer; the better C. Fewer; richer D. More; poorer9. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting _. A. more and more rich B. more rich and more rich C. richer and richer D. richer and richest10. Which lesson is _, this one or that one? A. difficult B. much dif

25、ficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult11. A _ accident happened at 7:30 a.m. said the policeman _. A. serious, serious B. seriously, seriously C. seriously, serious D. serious, seriously12. _ is it from our school to Lupu Bridge? A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much13. In our city

26、, it is _ in July, but it is even _ in August. A. hotter; hottest B. hot; hot C. hotter; hot D. hot; hotter14. This pencil is _ that one. A. so long as B. as longer as C. longer than D. not as longest as15. The station is two kilometers _ the hospital. A. away to B. far away C. far from D. away from

27、16. Beijing has _ many buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush hours. A. so B. very C. too D. much17. This box is _ heavy _ I cant carry it. A. too, to B. so, that C. very, that D. too, that18. India has the second _ population in the world. A. larger B. most C. smallest D. largest19. Mary r

28、eceived _ many postcards at Christmas. A. so B. such C. too D. even20. The cake smells _. Please throw it away. A. good B. badly C. bad D. well21. - What was the weather like yesterday? - It was terrible. It rained so _ that people could _ go out. A. hardlyhard B. hardly hardly C. hard hardly D. har

29、d hard22. The meeting will be held in half an hour, but they havent got everything ready_. A. ever B. already C. yet D. still23. - What about the English novel? - Its not very difficult. There are only _ new words in it. A. few B. a few C. many D. a little24. How beautiful she sings! Ive never heard

30、 _. A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice25. Mr Smith always has _ to tell us. A. some good pieces of news B. some pieces of good news C.some good piece of news D. some piece of good new26. Im afraid the headmaster is _ busy to meet the visitors. A. too much B. much

31、 too C. so much D. very much27. - Dad , when will you be free? You agreed to go to the seaside with me four days ago. - I am sorry, Jean. But I think I will have a _ holiday soon. A. four-days B. four-day C. four days D. four day28. The scenery in Sanya looks _, especially Tian Ya Hai Jiao is _. A,

32、well, best B. fine, the most famous C. nice, better D. beautifully, the best29. What a _ day it is! Lets go out for a walk. A. windy B. lovely C. rainy D.cloudy30. Of the two Australian students , Masha is _ one. I think you can find her easily. A, tallest B, the taller C. taller D. the tallestKey1-

33、5 CCADC 6-10 DDBCC 11-15 DCDCD 16-20 ABDAC21-25 CCADB 26-30 BBBBBHomework選擇最佳答案填空：1. John told me that _ nothing important have ever happened. A. hardly B. rarely C. nearly D. almost2. -Why dont you like the shirt? -Its neck is not big for me at all. Have you got a shirt of this kind with _ neck? A.

34、 the biggest B. a far bigger C. by far the biggest D. a more bigger3. -The temperature today is 10 below zero. -Oh, its _cold. A. the most B. the more C. most D. much more4. -Do you think him naughty enough? -Im afraid hes _than naughty. A. more clever B. clever C. much clever D. much more clever5.

35、Exercise is _as any other to lose unwanted weight. A. so useful a wayB. as a useful way C. as useful a way D. such a useful way6. -Whats wrong? You seem restless. -I was reduced to paying _ price for it. A. double the B. double of the C. double D. double of7. _, the boys were shouting and singing. A

36、. Happy and excited B. Happily and excitedly C. To be happy and excited D. To be happily and excitedly8. Im glad to say that hes already finished _50% of the book in these three days. A. no less than B. no more than C. not more than D. much less than9. Ill get there by six, if_. A. not sooner B. no

37、sooner C. not more quickly D. no quick10. The US is about the same size as China, but its population is five times _. A. as little B. smaller C. as few D. fewer11. -Is this _book? - Yes, its _what Im after. A. the very; just B. the just; exactlyC. a very; just D. the right; only12. He has given up d

38、rinking. He drinks _. A. never again B. not any more C. no more D. once again13. He hurried away, _to meet his old friend. A. looking forwardB. hoped C. anxiously D. eager14. Everything was very expensive. I didnt buy _fruit, but Ive got some _apples. A. any; big red B. any; red big C. much; big red

39、 D. some ; red big15. -Are you going to the football game? -No, the tickets are _expensive for me. A. very much B. so much C. far too D. highly16. Well have to wait a _two weeks to know the examination result. A. other B. further C. another D. more17. The little town has now grown into a modern big

40、city, and is _ what it used to be. A. twice the size than B. two times the size as C. twice the size as D. twice the size of18. The living carried away the dead and the healthy helped _. A. the ill B. the wounded C. the brave D. the rich19. He likes going fishing. He usually uses a _. A. bamboo long fishing pole B. long bamboo fishing pole C. pole long bamboo and fishing D. bamboo fishing long pole20. He was the _at that moment. A. only awake person B. only person awake