工業(yè)設(shè)計 畢業(yè)設(shè)計 外文翻譯

1、畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文外文翻譯題 目 戰(zhàn)后重建：IDEO和邁克爾格雷夫斯為傷殘的退役軍人設(shè)計的家專 業(yè) 工 業(yè) 設(shè) 計 班 級 2021 級 0 1 班 學(xué) 生 李 靜 指導(dǎo)教師 郭 園重慶交通大學(xué) 2021 年戰(zhàn)后重建:IDEO和邁克爾.格雷夫斯為殘疾的退役軍人設(shè)計的家元林儀發(fā)表于在不到一個月的時間里,最后的駐軍伊拉克的美軍準(zhǔn)備回家.美國已經(jīng)做好準(zhǔn)備去慶祝這個痛苦的令人擔(dān)憂的政治和戰(zhàn)爭時代的結(jié)束,退伍軍人和他們的家人即將面臨他們的另一個巨大的挑戰(zhàn):回到家迎接一個和平時期的常態(tài).通常,美國的男女軍人都帶著他們身體和心理上的疼痛回家.基于他們特殊的能力和參考去尋找適應(yīng)他們生活環(huán)境的變通方法.今天, ,當(dāng)美

2、國貝爾沃堡軍隊和克拉克物業(yè)把在軍事基地上建筑的新模型:傷員的家展示出來的時候, IDEO和邁克爾格雷夫斯組織他們的工作就活潑起來了傷員之家這個工程是和弗吉尼亞洲的一家房地產(chǎn)公司克拉克物業(yè)合作的，并得到了國防部的支持，自發(fā)性的為效勞人員們開發(fā)私有化的住房。運用IDEO的以人為中心的設(shè)計程序，調(diào)查小組觀察和采訪了10位市民和20位受傷的士兵，“通過會見他們的家人，以及從差不多20多位專家的反響。IDEO的工作人員問他們問題，意指說明怎樣從現(xiàn)役軍人受傷后恢復(fù)到平民生活中，什么能夠使他們的經(jīng)歷更高貴、更健康，又是什么讓他們和家人、親密的朋友以及這個世界重新聯(lián)系在一起?！癐DEO沉浸在傷兵們自我恢復(fù)和治

3、療的過程中，同時也咨詢很多醫(yī)學(xué)專家和利益團體。通過他們的進行，團隊很快意識到?jīng)]有一個受傷的士兵時這樣的，相反，他們的工作行為是需要適應(yīng)大范圍的交互，同時也需要身心障礙效勞。IDEO從這次調(diào)查中鑒定出7個雙重性：詳細(xì)說明的地方、沒有說明的地方：一個家庭從來就不是一成不變的。在一個家庭里面，角色的轉(zhuǎn)變、偏好的改變，以及最重要的，身體和心理的重創(chuàng)支配一個進化裝置的挑戰(zhàn)。這就要求不管在有說明的地方還是沒有注明的地方都要有靈活的設(shè)計。人們希望自己是家的建筑師。開放式的空間能給他們足夠的空間，想象為自己塑造的積極地未來。移動的根：當(dāng)他們每隔幾年被猛提起,定下來是很難的。持續(xù)不斷轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的軍隊生活的地方是額

4、外需要家庭的。人們不愿覺得他們只是路過,短時工,從一個地方到另一個地方。他們想要家去感覺他們終于到達了目的地。流動性和深深的扎根可以決定大量的幸福。內(nèi)外結(jié)合：詩人、探索者和修復(fù)理療師都知道人體巨大的自愈能力。在任何人遭受創(chuàng)傷，生理或者心理問題時，這是一個巨大的禮物。外面的世界甚至后院都是深呼吸的地方,也就是自由的地方。自然是大自然之力。這個雙重性是關(guān)于將外面世界的經(jīng)驗帶回到家里，同樣重要的是，確保外面的旅程是短暫的，容易的，愉悅的?？梢姷?隱形的平安性：精神上的創(chuàng)傷,來自崗位戰(zhàn)斗的壓力,困床問題-這些都是使他們很難感覺到平安的因素。人們總是想保護他們隱私，但是360度對外界完全可見。這個二重性

5、是關(guān)于通過隱藏和減少曝光來提供平安的，同時也可以通過能見度，即時通信，和控制他們的環(huán)境來制造平安感。社交隱私：有時候，人們將他們自己的家看做避難所，休息的地方，一個隱人反思的地方。其他時候，人們看待他們的家是一個與世隔絕地方。家必須是一個給人舒舒服服休息的地方，是一個度過喧鬧美好時光的地方，同時也是一個有益身體健康的地方。唯一，正常：這里有兩個截然不同的要求：無論是重要的身體問題，還是心理的傷害都有渴望有一個正常生活。就像其他正常人一樣，沒有任何特殊待遇。但是其二，需要明顯的特殊住宿來顯著增加生活質(zhì)量。在家里，目標(biāo)就是要到達一個平衡點：就是輪椅上的夢想之家，但是經(jīng)常呈現(xiàn)出來的狀況只是平淡無奇的

6、生活。舊的自我，新的自我：康復(fù)過程是一個漫長而崎嶇的道路。早期階段是修復(fù)傷害，重新建立起所失去的東西。隨著時間的過去，傷員們唯一的目的就是促使自己自我完善和自我改造。人類的美就是表現(xiàn)在遭受巨大損失的同時也能激發(fā)獲得巨大的收益。這需要那個建筑可以給人以鼓舞其恢復(fù)，不管是在哪或者不管要花多少時間。特定正常的居住空間里，私人小角落里可見與不可見得平安性今天揭示的傷員之家模型是一種創(chuàng)新的、靈活的, 能夠滿足不僅僅是殘疾退伍軍人的需要，而是廣泛的面臨身體障礙的人們?？死宋飿I(yè)和建筑師邁克爾格雷夫斯建好了第一個家-格雷夫斯將他自己的見解帶到了這個工程中。格雷夫斯曾經(jīng)下半身癱瘓，致使他必須坐上輪椅近十年，通

7、過他的這個經(jīng)歷，他獲得了更重要的經(jīng)驗，不管是不是有移動困難的人他們怎么生活，怎么工作。我們很快樂看到格雷夫斯從IDEO調(diào)查中獲得的概念來建筑了這個敬愛，以及這個建筑今天在貝爾沃堡收到關(guān)注。Core77有這個時機同IDEO的設(shè)計師阿爾泰森迪爾和這個傷員之家工程的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)坐在一起，從這個獨特的工程中學(xué)習(xí)更多的過程和經(jīng)驗。Core77：什么是“傷員之家的這個工程，它是怎么發(fā)生的？阿爾泰森迪爾：傷員之家的工程是一個在軍事基地里的一個新型的容易接觸的房屋。在克拉克物業(yè)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，以及在邁克爾格雷夫斯的組織下，我們設(shè)計的家是為了現(xiàn)役的效勞人員在受傷后重新回到現(xiàn)役任務(wù)。這將會充當(dāng)未來家庭模型，在今天就曝光出來。這

8、個工程是全國性挑戰(zhàn)的結(jié)果：美國的服役人員在戰(zhàn)場上受傷后必須找到變通方法去適應(yīng)他們回家后的生活。這些傷員們有多種多樣的不管圣體上的或者心理上的需求，是不能在生活環(huán)境里處理的，即使他們遵從美國人殘障法。克拉克公司想重新考慮可接觸家和設(shè)計，不僅僅是符合傳統(tǒng)的可觸及的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這樣才能更好的支持傷員之家的進展需要，他們請IDEO來幫組他們做更深入的設(shè)計，然后幫助不管是不是殘障人士都可以居住的普遍的包容空間。在我們的工作完成后，格雷夫斯就參與和施工隊伍一起完成設(shè)計和建造房屋的工作進程中。我們對克拉克的不懈追求印象深刻，他在這個過程中他總是將傷員們和他們的要求擺在第一位。他們是很好的一對組合，致力于以人為本挑

9、戰(zhàn)設(shè)計優(yōu)良功能性的，易接觸的，和任何人都渴望的家居環(huán)境。你從那些殘疾的退伍軍人的生活中發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么，你是怎么設(shè)計他們的家來改善他們的生活的呢？我們打算真正的理解那些平民家庭，以及一直忍受著各種傷害的服役人員他們的經(jīng)歷。這些跨越了身體上，精神上和認(rèn)知挑戰(zhàn)，包括燒傷、失明或者視覺損傷、單個或者多個截肢、創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙、外傷性腦損傷和失憶。我們自己也沉浸在活膚和治療的過程中，同時也沉浸在找到軍人家庭生活設(shè)計的時機的獨特地意義。我們同許多個工業(yè)專家一起工作，包括美國匹茲堡大學(xué)的研究人員和參軍隊中受傷的戰(zhàn)士方案(AW2) 的提倡人。由于大范圍的家庭力學(xué)，性格和偏好一直必須住在家里，軍人家庭的生活發(fā)生頻繁的

10、變化，很明顯，我們的設(shè)計必須適應(yīng)大范圍的互動和需要。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那并不是一個傷員，一個集體或者共同經(jīng)驗。相反，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)者存在著一系列的雙重性?！疽娚厦妗亢苊黠@，殘疾有不同的范圍-那么他們的家是怎么顧及訪問性呢？家可以幫助心理恢復(fù)嗎，就像身體恢復(fù)一樣？我們旨在設(shè)計出不管是否是殘障人士都渴望的住宅。我們鑒定出的這些雙重性的其中一個例子，“里外結(jié)合它描述了將自然和外面的東西結(jié)合進來的重要性。這在治療花園，周邊通道，私人陽臺和飄窗中都有反響出來。外界的自然元素扮演者一個積極催化劑的角色，不管是不是針對殘障人士，在家都可以被發(fā)覺到，接觸到。看看外面的世界，體驗外面的世界，隱喻的意義和強大的自主訪問戶外都是我

11、們想要的時刻的空間,使任何潛在的居民。另外的一個二重性社交隱私形容的是人們怎么將他們的家看作是避難所,但是也想看到他們的家是怎么通過媒體或者面對面的交流提供與外界接觸的時機。我們通過私人治療空間里的平板顯示器和高分辨率數(shù)碼相機來表達這個房間允許人們從社會切換連接、遠(yuǎn)程治療咨詢。另一方面，大的開放的室內(nèi)室外空間可以獲得娛樂的時機。(上圖)里外結(jié)合的二元性顯示在一個院子的時候。(下列圖)在一個適應(yīng)社會隱私的辦公套件。退伍軍人的人格和在戰(zhàn)場上的經(jīng)歷是怎么影響設(shè)計過程?一個有趣的模式是我們一開始認(rèn)識到不同的受傷的戰(zhàn)士是一種積極的態(tài)度,動力和決心，它們中的每一個都表現(xiàn)出來。治療是一個長期的、富有挑戰(zhàn)性的

12、道路,早期的階段是關(guān)于修復(fù)損傷，重新建立失去的,重新校正他們新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。傷員們很快朝著自我完善和改造進化。他們理解自己在快節(jié)奏的外界的局限性,那未必滿足他們特別的需要。適當(dāng)?shù)募彝ソ巧畹?也不是公開。例如,視力受損的服役人員，指定的不同外表和空間的高度比作為一個隱含的控制實驗法的參考。雖然受傷的戰(zhàn)士很感謝額外的支撐,但是他們還是想盡可能的生活的正常,所以他們很快的從我要怎么幸存到我要怎么成長?決心生活盡可能地正常,所以他們很快適應(yīng)。多種升降的工作外表,家用電器和細(xì)木工家具讓他們的空間更人性化，像廚房里面配置盡可能多的條條框框。退伍軍人們要回到那個不能理解他們的國家了,設(shè)計師如何設(shè)計的產(chǎn)品和效勞

13、,去正向影響退伍軍人的生活呢?為退役軍人設(shè)計所需要的東西是意見很有趣的事,因為他不是政治上的,也不是紅與藍的判斷，也不是關(guān)于你是贊成還是反對戰(zhàn)爭。當(dāng)軍人們分享他們的故事時,我們可以成認(rèn)他們已經(jīng)付出了什么,我們就能更好地理解他們作為公民,作為家人,作為真正的人的需求。我們可以更加緊密地領(lǐng)會這些共同的尺寸來我們的生活。我們什么時候能結(jié)束連接這些類似的目標(biāo)和愿望,看他們在更大的職權(quán)范圍的具體職責(zé)(往往是伴隨損失),我們每個人都應(yīng)該有一種更大的驅(qū)動,以創(chuàng)造一個積極的影響。沒有人想要成為一個負(fù)擔(dān),這些男人和女人在設(shè)計過程中值得被我們尊重。這不是關(guān)于同情和難過,它是共鳴,是使產(chǎn)生積極效果成為可能。如果一個

14、設(shè)計師能夠尊重和欣賞他們設(shè)計的對象,就會在設(shè)計經(jīng)歷中傳達出高尚與正直。人內(nèi)心的同情 “以人為本的設(shè)計使我們都有時機得到好處。Walt Disney Animation Studios is seeking a Senior Software Engineer, Animation Apps & UI in Burbank, California 原文 HYPERLINK :/ core77 /blog/giftguide/core77_ultimate_gift_guide_2021_featured_item_heirloom_seeds_21196.asp Core77 Ultimate

15、Gift Guide 2021 Featured Item: Heirloom Seeds HYPERLINK :/ core77 /blog/architecture/architecture_for_recovery_ideo_and_michael_graves_design_a_home_for_disabled_military_veterans_21224.asp Architecture for Recovery: IDEO and Michael Graves Design a Home for Disabled Military VeteransPosted by HYPER

16、LINK :/ core77 /about/cloggers.asp l LinYee Yuan LinYee Yuan|30 Nov 2021 | Flexible kitchen design in the Wounded Warrior home. All images and video courtesy of IDEOIn less than a month, the last American troops stationed in Iraq are set to return home. As the United States prepares to celebrate the

17、 close of a painfully fraught era of politics and war, veterans and their families face the beginning of their next great challenge: returning home and acclimating to a peacetime normalcy. Oftentimes, United States military men and women carry the physical and emotional wounds of their service home

18、with them, finding workarounds to cope with their surroundings based on individual capabilities and preferences. Today, IDEO and Michael Graves Associates see their work come alive as the U.S. Army Fort Belvoir and Clark Realty Capital unveil a new model for building accessible homes on military ins

19、tallations: the HYPERLINK :/ ideo /work/designing-the-ideal-home-for-wounded-warriors t _blank Wounded Warrior home.The Wounded Warrior project is a collaboration with the Virginia-based real estate firm Clark Realty Capital and supported by a Department of Defense initiative to develop privatized h

20、ousing for service members. Using IDEOs human-centered design process, the team interviewed and observed 10 civilians and 20 injured soldiers, meeting with their loved ones, and getting feedback from nearly two dozen experts. IDEO asked questions that shed light on how active duty service members re

21、sume civilian life after debilitating injuries, what could make their experience more dignified and healthy, and what might reconnect them with family, close friends, and the world. IDEO also immersed itself in the recovery and therapy process for disabled veterans and consulted with dozens of medic

22、al experts and advocacy groups.Through their process, the team quickly realized that there was no one Wounded Warrior, but instead, their work would need to accommodate a wide range of interactions and needs of disabled service men and women. IDEO identified seven dualities from their research:Well-

23、Defined, Undefined Spaces: A home is never set in stone. In a household, roles shift, preferences change and most important, physical and mental impairments dictate an evolving set of challenges. This demands a flexible design that allow for both defined and undefined space. People wish to be the ar

24、chitect of their own home. Open-ended space gives them square feet to imagine an optimism and future they shape themselves.Mobile Roots: Its difficult to sink down roots when theyre yanked up every few years. The constant flux of transient military life places extra demands on a family. People dont

25、want to feel theyre just passing through, short timers, skipping from base to base. They want home to feel like theyve finally arrived at their destination. The dynamic of mobility and deep roots often decides a big chunk of happiness.Inside Out, Outside In: Poets, explorers, and rehab therapists al

26、l know the immense healing powers of nature. Its a tremendous gift for anyone suffering wounds, physical or mental. The outside world or even back patio is a deep-breath metaphor for freedom. Nature is force of nurture. This duality is about bringing the outside experience inside the homeand equally

27、 important, making sure the journey outside is short, effortless, and joyful.Visible & Invisible Security: Trauma, post combat stress, reduced mobilitythese are issues that make it hard to feel safe and secure. People want the protection of their hidden cocoon but also a total 360 degree visual awar

28、eness of their surroundings. Its about providing security through concealment and reduced exposureyet also creating security through visibility, instant communication, and control of their environment. Social Privacy: Sometimes people view their home as a sanctuary, a retreat, a place of privacy and

29、 introspection. Other times, people see their home as a gateway to the outside worldto social and cultural connections that both determine well-being. A home must be a restful oasis and a place for raucous good timesboth equally therapeutic.Uniquely Normal: Here are two distinct and contrary require

30、ments: the desire to live a normal life despite significant physical and often mental wounds. Normal in the just like everybody-else sense. No special treatment whatsoever. But second, the obvious need for specific accommodations that dramatically improve quality of life. In the home, the goal is to

31、 strike that balance: a wheel chair-friendly dream home, but one that appears ordinary, nothing more than plain wonderful normal life.Old Self, New Self: Healing is a long and winding road. The early stages are about repairing the damage, rebuilding what was lost. Over time, the unique determination

32、 of Wounded Warriors drive them toward self-improvement and transformation. The human beauty is that great loss also inspires tremendous new gain. This calls for an architecture that encourages that recovery, no matter where or how far that journey takes themVisible and Invisible Security in private

33、 nooks in a Uniquely Normal Living Room.Todays unveiling of the Wounded Warrior model home represents an innovative and flexible approach to addressing the needs of not only disabled military veterans, but a wide-ranging group of people facing physical disabilities. Clark Realty partnered with archi

34、tect Michael Graves to build the first homesGraves brought his personal insights to the project. Graves has suffered from lower-body paralysis that has confined him to a wheelchair for nearly a decade, and through this experience, he has gained significant expertise into how people live and work, wh

35、ether mobility challenged or not. Were excited to see which concepts Graves took from IDEOs work and how the build will be realized today in Fort Belvoir.Core77 had the opportunity to sit down with Altay Sendil, IDEO designer and project lead for the Wounded Warrior house to learn more about the pro

36、cess and learnings from this unique project:Core77: What is the Wounded Warrior Home Project and how did it come about?Altay Sendil: The Wounded Warrior Home Project is a new model for accessible homes on military bases. Led by Clark Realty Capital, and together with Michael Graves of Michael Graves

37、 and Associates, we designed homes for service members returning to active duty after being injured. The first two, which will serve as models for future homes, will be unveiled today, November 30th, at Fort Belvoir, Virginia. The project is a result of a nationwide challenge: U.S. service members i

38、njured in the field must find workarounds and ways to adapt when they return home. These Wounded Warriors have varied physical and psychological needs that arent always addressed in their living environments, even if they comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act guidelines. Clark Realty Capit

39、al wanted to rethink accessible homes and design beyond these conventional accessibility codes to better support the evolving needs of Wounded Warrior families, and they asked IDEO to help them dig deep into who they were designing for, then help design universally inclusive spaces that anyone would

40、 want to live in, physically disabled or not. After our work was completed Graves was brought in to work with the development and construction teams finishing the design and building of the homes. We were so impressed with Clarks relentless pursuit to put the Wounded Warrior and their needs first in

41、 every step of this process. They were a great match for our human-centered design approach to the challenge of designing homes that are functional, accessible, and desirable for anyone. What were some of the insights you discovered about the lives of disabled veterans and how did you design the hom

42、es to improve their lives?We set out to truly understand the experiences of civilian families and service members that were living with a variety of injuries. These span physical, emotional and cognitive challenges that include burns, vision loss or impairment, single or multiple amputations, PTSD,

43、Traumatic Brain Injury, and memory loss. We immersed ourselves in the recovery and therapy process and the unique implications of military family life to find design opportunities. We worked with dozens of industry experts, including researchers from the University of Pittsburgh and advocates from t

44、he Army Wounded Warrior Program (AW2). Because of the wide array of family dynamics, personalities and preferences amongst families that would be living in the homes, and the frequent turnover of military family life deployment, it became evident that what we designed would have to accommodate a wid

45、e range of interactions and needs. We discovered there is no one Wounded Warrior; no one collective or common experience. Instead, we found that there exists a series of dualities. See aboveThere is definitely a diverse range of disabilitieshow do the homes allow for universal accessibility? Do the

46、homes help with psychology recovery as well as physical?We aimed to design homes that would be desirable for anyone, physically disabled or not. A great example of this is in one of the dualities we identified, Inside Out, Outside In. It describes the important roll of nature and the outdoors in the

47、 therapy process. This is reflected in the therapy gardens, the perimeter walkways, private terraces and prominent windows throughout. The natural outdoor elements that act as positive catalysts regardless of whether one is disabled or not, can be perceived from within the home, and easily accessed

48、from within the home as well. Seeing the outdoors, experiencing the outdoors, and the powerful metaphorical significance of autonomously accessing the outdoors are all moments we wanted the space to enable for any of its potential residents.Another duality, Social Privacy describes how people view t

49、heir home as a sanctuary, but also want to see their space as a place that provides opportunities to interact with the outside world via media and face-to-face conversations. We expressed this through private therapy rooms with flat panel displays and hi-res digital cameras that allow people to togg

50、le from social connections, remote therapy consultations, or sealed-off moments of privacy and reflection. On the other hand, large open indoor and outdoor spaces enable opportunities to entertain.(above) Inside Out, Outside In duality as displayed in a patio mockup. (below) Social Privacy in an ada

51、ptable office suite.How did the veterans personalities and their experiences at war influence the design process?One of the interesting patterns we started to recognize across different Wounded Warriors was the positivity, drive and determination that each of them embodied. Healing is a long and cha

52、llenging road, and the early stages are about repairing the damage, rebuilding what was lost and recalibrating their new normal. Wounded Warriors evolve beyond this space quickly toward self-improvement and transformation. They understand their new limitations in the larger context of the fast-paced

53、 world outside of their home, that doesnt necessarily accommodate their unique needs. The appropriate role of the home as a supportive environment should be subtle, and not overt. For example, for vision-impaired service members, the high-contrast designating different surfaces and spaces become an implicit way-finding reference. Though wounded warriors may appreciate the extra