物流專業(yè)英語unit 1 Introduction to Logistics

1、Logistics English主講人：周文娟Question:Why should we learn Logistics English?Useful for your final paper;Necessary for your further study; Help you to get a better job;Discover your potential;Follow up with this fast developing industry;Unit 1 Introduction to LogisticsUnit 2 Supply Chain ManagementUnit 3

2、TransportationUnit 4 WarehousingUnit 5 InventoryUnit 6 Logistics InformationUnit 7 Logistics SystemUnit 8 Enterprise LogisticsUnit 9 International LogisticsUnit 10 Customer Service Unit 11 The Cost of LogisticsUnit 12 Logistics Center and ZoneUnit 13 Third Party Logistics Unit 14 The Fourth Party Lo

3、gisticsUnit 1 Introduction to Logistics 物流概述物流概述Key terms:definition of logistics 物流的定義物流的定義material handling 材料搬運材料搬運information processing 信息處理信息處理inventory management 庫存管理庫存管理customer requirements 客戶需求客戶需求Council of Logistics Management (CLM)物流管理物流管理The whole passage can be divided into 4 parts:1

4、.The Definitions of Logistics2.The Importance of Logistics3.The Functions of Logistics4.The Development Trend of Modern LogisticsNew Words and Termslogistics n. 后勤學(xué)， 物流consumption n.消費，消費量technology n.技術(shù)，工藝transportation n.運輸inventory n.存貨profitability n.收益性，贏利性communication n.溝通，交流delivery n.交貨，移交，

5、交付destination n.目的地，終點constitute vt.組成，構(gòu)成，制定deteriorate vi.使惡化，變壞implement n.貫徹，實現(xiàn)，執(zhí)行conform v.使遵守，符合，一致strategic adj.戰(zhàn)略上的procurement n.采購warehousing n.倉儲interchangeably adv.可互換地distribution n.分配，分銷customer service 客戶服務(wù)pallet n.托盤intermingled v.混合The Definitions of Logistics物流的定義There are various de

6、finitions of different editions.The Council of Logistics Management in the United States:Logistics is the “process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services, and related information from point of origin to point of consumption for the pur

7、pose of conforming to customer requirements”.物流是為滿足客戶需求,對商品、服務(wù)和相關(guān)信息在貨源地與消費地之間高效、有效的流動與存儲進行計劃、執(zhí)行和控制的過程。 A book written by some Chinese logisticians:Logistics is the process of strategically managing the procurement, movement and storage of materials ,parts and finished inventory (and the related info

8、rmation flows) through the organization and its marketing channels in such a way that current and future profitability are maximized through the cost-effective fulfillment of orders.物流是戰(zhàn)略管理的過程，包括采購、移動和原材料存儲、零件和成品庫存(和相關(guān)的信息流動)，以通過組織和其營銷渠道這樣一種方式,通過訂單實現(xiàn)成本效益來實現(xiàn)當(dāng)前和未來的盈利能力最大化。 Institute of Logistics:Logist

9、ics is the time related positioning of resource or the strategic management of the total supply-chain.the supply chain is a sequence of events intended to satisfy with associated transport , storage and information technology物流是關(guān)于時間的資源配置或總供應(yīng)鏈的戰(zhàn)略管理。供應(yīng)鏈?zhǔn)菨M足顧客的事件序列。包括相關(guān)聯(lián)的運輸、存儲和信息技術(shù)。Logistics terminologi

10、es of the Peoples Republic of China National Standard(GB/T18354-2001):Logistics is the physical flow of goods from point of origin to point of consumption and the effective combination of such basic functions as transportation, warehousing and storage, load and unload, goods handling, packing, distr

11、ibution processing, delivery, information management, and so on.物流是物品從貨源地向消費地的實體流動過程。根據(jù)實際需要，將運輸、倉儲、裝卸、搬運、包裝、流通加工、配送、信息處理等基本功能實施有效結(jié)合。 What are the specific activities that should be included within logistics management?應(yīng)包括在物流管理內(nèi)的具體活動是客戶服務(wù)、交通、運輸、倉儲、廠房和倉庫選址、庫存控制、訂單處理、銷售溝通、采購、材料處理、零件和服務(wù)支持,搶救財貨和廢料處理、包裝、退

12、貨處理和需求預(yù)測。Customer service ,traffic and transportation ,warehousing and storage , plant and warehouse site selection , inventory control, order processing , distribution communications , procurement , material handling , parts and service support , salvage and scrap disposal , packing , return goods

13、handling ,and demand forecasting.Question：What are the reasons for the importance of logistics ?1.Managers in various companies become aware of the importance of logistics since logistics can bring strategic advantage to the companies. 2.Another important factor for logistics is that it impacts cost

14、 and service quality in companies.3. The globalization of world economy also increases the importance of logistics. The multinational corporations have turned the whole world into a big factory. It is through the logistical process that materials flow into the manufacturing capacity and products are

15、 distributed to consumers.4. The outsourcing practices help greatly the increasing of newly emerging enterprises in logistic industry, such as third party logistics companies, specialized warehousing companies. The recent growth of global commerce and the introduction of e-commerce have expected the

16、 size of complexity of logistical operations.1.Transportation2.Warehousing3.Inventory control4.Purchasing or procurement5.Order processing 1.Transportation Transportation concerns the movement of products from a source, such as a plant or factory, to a destination, such as a warehouse or retail stor

17、e. Transportation may take place via air, water, rail, road, pipeline, or cable routes and using planes, boats, trains, trucks, and telecommunications equipment as the means of transportation. How to minimize transportation costs while meeting demand for products? Transportation costs generally depe

18、nd upon the distance between the source and the destination, the means of transportation chosen, and the size and quantity of the product to be shipped. 2.Warehousing Warehousing is the activity of warehouse managing. They are usually large plain buildings in industrial areas of cities or towns. The

19、y come equipped with loading docks to load and unload trucks, sometimes are loaded directly from railways, airports, or seaports. They also often have cranes and forklifts for moving goods, which are usually placed on ISO standard pallets loaded into pallet racks.3.Inventory control Inventory contro

20、l is the implementation of managing inventory in a manner that assures the goals of inventory management are met. The goal of inventory control is to be sure that optimum levels of inventories are available, that there are minimal stock outs, and that inventory is maintained in a safe, secure place

21、and is always readily accessible to the proper personnel.4.Purchasing or procurementPurchasing or procurement is the activing of buying the goods and services that a company needs to manufacture products.5.Order processing Order processing usually means the transmission of sales order information to

22、 the various departments concerned in the company. Logistics is an integrated activity, which usually involves many functions, divisions, companies, etc Traditionally, logistics involves the function areas as purchasing, inventory control, warehousing, materials handling, order processing, transport

23、ation, customer service, and facility location or network design, and so on. Those activities are intermingled together. If one of them is not dealt with properly, other function or functions may suffer. In modern times, logistics are increasing involving more and more companies. As a time of the sp

24、reading of transnational corporations, the number of companies involved in the international logistics tends to be bigger. Furthermore, as more and more companies become specialized in logistics, some companies are outsourcing their inner logistics tasks which are traditionally provided by their own

25、. In most of the companies, especially those larger ones, logistics functions are performed in different divisions. Logistics need the concerted efforts of those divisions concerned.1.Globalization2.Information Technology3.Future Challenges1.Globalization With the advent of globalization, firms bega

26、n to seek ways of cutting their production costs. Thus, multi-national corporations re-located their factors of production to low-wage countries to gain a competitive advantage. Increasingly, more and more countries are joining in the World Trade Organization (WTO) and opening their country to forei

27、gn capital investment(most recently in China). Thus, the new challenge is how to manage the product and information flows around the world. The increased pressure on managing these operations further underscored the importance of logistics as an area for optimization.2.Information Technology Another contributor that led to an increased presence for logistics was the explosion in