細菌抗菌肽的分類、作用機理及基因工程研究報告報告進展

1、. -. .可修編. z. 1/19細菌抗菌肽的分類、作用機理及基因工程研究進展 小雨2016年10月目錄 TOC o 1-3 h z u HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000041 抗菌肽的分類 PAGEREF _Toc455500004 h 2HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000051.1 來源于細菌的抗菌肽 PAGEREF _Toc455500005 h 2HYPERLINK l _Toc455500006來源于芽孢桿菌只抗革蘭氏陰性菌（G-）的抗菌肽 PAGEREF _Toc455500006 h 7HYPERLINK l _Toc455500007來源于芽孢桿菌抗

2、真菌的的抗菌肽 PAGEREF _Toc455500007 h 7HYPERLINK l _Toc455500008來源于其它物種抗真菌同時抗的革蘭氏陰性菌（G-）的抗菌肽 PAGEREF _Toc455500008 h 10HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000092 抗菌肽的作用機理 PAGEREF _Toc455500009 h 11HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000102.1 細胞膜電勢依賴通道的形成 PAGEREF _Toc455500010 h 11HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000112.2 抑制細胞呼吸作用 PAGEREF _Toc4555000

3、11 h 11HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000122.3 抑制細胞外膜蛋白的合成 PAGEREF _Toc455500012 h 11HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000132.4 抑制細胞壁的形成 PAGEREF _Toc455500013 h 11HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000142.5 進入細胞核結合到DNA或RNA上影響細胞 PAGEREF _Toc455500014 h 11HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000153抗菌肽在各個表達系統(tǒng)中的表達特點及研究進展 PAGEREF _Toc455500015 h 12HYPERLINK l

4、_Toc4555000163.1 抗菌肽在大腸桿菌表達系統(tǒng)中的研究進展 PAGEREF _Toc455500016 h 12HYPERLINK l _Toc455500017密碼子偏愛性改造 PAGEREF _Toc455500017 h 12HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000183.1.2 串聯(lián)表達 PAGEREF _Toc455500018 h 12HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000193.1.3 融合表達 PAGEREF _Toc455500019 h 13HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000203.1.4 雜合表達 PAGEREF _Toc455500

5、020 h 13HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000213.2 抗菌肽在酵母表達系統(tǒng)中的研究進展 PAGEREF _Toc455500021 h 13HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000224 國基因工程改造的相關專利技術 PAGEREF _Toc455500022 h 14HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000234.1 國專利技術 PAGEREF _Toc455500023 h 14HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000244.2 外源蛋白在枯草芽孢桿菌中表達可供選擇的技術路線 PAGEREF _Toc455500024 h 15HYPERLINK l

6、_Toc4555000254.2.1 復制質粒融合表達路線 PAGEREF _Toc455500025 h 16HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000264.2.2 代途徑調控路線 PAGEREF _Toc455500026 h 16HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000274.2.3 基因定點突變路線 PAGEREF _Toc455500027 h 16HYPERLINK l _Toc4555000285 抗菌肽及其工業(yè)應用前景 PAGEREF _Toc455500028 h 16-. z.目前，由于抗生素在臨床治療中的不規(guī)使用，不僅造成經濟上的巨大損失和藥物不良反應；而且導

7、致細菌和真菌等病原微生物正在以驚人的速度對抗生素產生強耐藥性。特別是多重耐藥菌和超級耐藥菌的出現，經常在很短時間出現全世界圍的流行，給人們的生命安全和經濟帶來巨大損失。因此對具有高抗菌活性和安全性抗菌肽的研發(fā)日益受到重視，人們期望抗菌肽成為抗生素的理想替代品之一?？咕模ˋMPS）一般由1060個氨基酸殘基組成，分子量約為20007000Da，并且熱穩(wěn)定性較好?？咕牡目咕鷻C制不同于傳統(tǒng)抗生素，其作用靶點大致分為細胞膜作用靶點和胞作用靶點(DNA，RNA，酶等)兩大類，抗菌肽的抗菌活性和毒性與抗菌肽的二級結構、凈電荷數量和疏水性等理化參數密切相關。迄今為止，大約有2700多種抗菌肽已經被分離出

8、來，部分已經通過化學合成和基因工程表達大規(guī)模制備。在實際應用方面，部分抗菌肽已成功應用于醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生和食品加工等行業(yè)，其中尤其引人注意的是多種抗菌肽已經進入二、三期臨床試驗階段【】 Neetoo, H., M. Ye, and H.Q. Chen, Potential antimicrobials to control Listeria monocytogenes in vacuum-packaged cold-smoked salmon pate and fillets. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2008. 123(3): p. 2

9、20-227.【】Lazarev, V.N. and V.M. Govorun, Antimicrobial peptides and their use in medicine. Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2010. 46(9): p. 803-814】。 抗菌肽的來源與制備大致分為三條途徑：天然產物(微生物，植物，動物，海洋生物來源)提取，化學合成（液相合成法和固相合成法）和基因工程（大腸桿菌，枯草芽孢桿菌和畢赤酵母表達載體等）制備。天然產物提取易受來源限制，特別是來自珍稀動植物資源的抗菌肽，提取更易受到原材料來源限制?；瘜W合成的生產成本

10、較高，且有多種劇毒性試劑（氫氟酸、氰化鉀等）需要大量應用，產生的三廢”對環(huán)境造成的污染問題也難以解決。通過基因工程和發(fā)酵工程的方法制備抗菌肽可以有效降低生產成本，生產工藝容易放大；產生的廢液處理工藝較為成熟。目前使用原核表達系統(tǒng)制備抗菌肽占所有抗菌肽基因表達系統(tǒng)的80 %左右。人們使用原核表達系統(tǒng)表達抗菌肽已經積累了許多經驗，對抗菌肽表達質粒構建，生產工藝的中試和放大也有所進展。但是抗菌肽的原核表達依然具有很大技術挑戰(zhàn)性，其不僅對宿主菌有毒性，而且由于抗菌肽分子量較少，易被宿主菌各種源性蛋白酶降解。以往研究表明抗菌肽采用與融合標簽表達是實現抗菌肽高效表達的有效策略之一。目前常用的融合標簽有硫氧

11、還蛋白（Tr*）、類固醇異構酶（KSI）及谷胱甘肽-S-轉移酶（GST）等，但在實際應用中，發(fā)現上述標簽存在標簽蛋白過大、促可溶性效果差、表達產物剪切效率低等問題，因此尋找提高抗菌肽的可溶性表達和產率方法依然是目前研究的重要方向。1 抗菌肽的分類按照抗菌肽的來源分類，截止到2016年7月，共有2717種抗菌肽被公布，其中來源于細菌的有269種，來源于古生菌的有4種，來源于原生生物的有8種，來源于真菌的有13種，來源于植物的有333種，來源于動物的有2042種。由于在芽孢桿菌表達系統(tǒng)中，缺少真核以及動物、植物等相應的修飾系統(tǒng)，來源于動物、植物以及真菌的基因在原核表達系統(tǒng)中很難得到高效表達，所以本

12、綜述中重點關注來自于細菌的抗菌肽及其抗菌活性；其具體信息如下：1.1 來源于細菌的抗菌肽來源于細菌的抗菌肽一共有269種，其部分信息如下：NameSourceActivityNameSourceActivityHominicinStaphylococcus hominisMBBL 2-9anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Tricyclic peptide RP 71955Streptomyces strainsAA3891Antiviralanti-HIVPlantaricin ALactobacillus plantarumC11anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-Cancer

13、cellsCarnobacteriocin B2Carnobacterium piscicolaanti-Gram+ anti-Gram-Leucocin ALeuconostoc gelidumUAL-187anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Nisin ZLactococcus lactisSIK-83anti-Gram+CancercellsNisin AStreptococcus lactisanti-Gram+SpermicidalAntibiofilmWoundhealing, Cancer cellsSubtilinBacillus subtilisanti-Gram+Pep

14、5Staphylococcus epidermidisstrain 5anti-Gram+Microcin J25Escherichia coliAY25anti-Gram-Gramicidin Asoil bacterium,Bacillus brevis（短桿菌）anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-antiviralSpermicidalanti-HIVEricin SBacillus subtilisA1/3anti-Gram+Siamycin IIStreptomyces strainsAA3891（鏈霉菌）Antiviralanti-HIVLactococcin 972Lact

15、ococcus lactisIPLA 972（乳酸乳球菌）anti-Gram+Mundticin ATO6EnterococcusmundtiiATO6（蒙氏腸球菌）anti-Gram+Piscicolin 126 / Piscicocin ViaCarnobacterium piscicolaJG126（棲魚肉桿菌）anti-Gram+Sakacin PLactobacillus sakeLb674anti-Gram+Pediocin PA-1Pediococcus acidilacticiPAC-1.0anti-Gram+SpermicidalMesentericin Y105Leucon

16、ostoc mesenteroidesanti-Gram+Carnobacteriocin BM1Carnobacterium piscicolaLV17Banti-Gram+anti-Gram-Curvacin A / sakacin ALactobacillus sakeLb706anti-Gram+PlanosporicinPlanomonospora albaanti-Gram+anti-Gram-Gassericin ALactobacillus gasseriLactobacillus reuteriLA6anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Circularin AClostr

17、idium beijerinckiiATCC 25752anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Closticin 574Clostridium tyrobutyricumADRIAT 932anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Enterocin E-760Enterococcus durans/faecium/hiraeanti-Gram+anti-Gram-Enterocin AEnterococcus faeciumanti-Gram+Divercin V41Carnobacterium divergensV41anti-Gram+Divergicin M35Carnobacteri

18、um divergensM35anti-Gram+CoagulinBacillus coagulansI-4anti-Gram+Listeriocin 743AListeria innocua743anti-Gram+Mundticin KSEnterococcus mundtiiNFRI 7397anti-Gram+antiviralLeucocin CLactococcus lactisMMFIanti-Gram+Lactococcin MMFIILactococcus lactisMMFIanti-Gram+Sakacin G-anti-Gram+Plantaricin 423Lacto

19、bacillus plantarum423anti-Gram+Plantaricin C19Lactobacillus plantarumC19anti-Gram+Enterocin PEnterococcus faeciumP13anti-Gram+Bacteriocin 31Enterococcus faecalisanti-Gram+Carnobacteriocin B1Carnobacterium piscicola LV17Banti-Gram+anti-Gram-Butyrivibriocin AR10Butyrivibrium fibrisolvens AR10anti-Gram

20、+anti-Gram-Subtilosin ABacillus subtilisBacillus amyloliquefaciens, orBacillus atrophaeusanti-Gram+anti-GramantiviralSpermicidalEnterocin AS-48Enterococcus faecalis S-48anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Plantaricin ASM1Lactobacillus plantarumA-1anti-Gram+UberolysinStreptococcus uberis 42anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Acidoc

21、in BLactobacillus acidophilus M46anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Carnocin UI49Carnobacterium piscicolaUI49anti-Gram+anti-Gram-LicheninBacillus licheniformisanti-Gram+anti-Gram-Nisin QHalobacterium strain AS7092anti-Gram+Serracin-P 23 kDa subunitSerratia plymuthicaanti-Gram+anti-Gram-Serracin-P 43 kDa subunitSer

22、ratia plymuthicaanti-Gram+anti-Gram-VariacinKocuria variansanti-Gram+anti-Gram-Mutacin IIStreptococcus mutansanti-Gram+anti-Gram-Mutacin IIIStreptococcus mutansanti-Gram+Mutacin, or Mutacin B-Ny266Streptococcus mutansanti-Gram+anti-Gram-Thuricin SBacillus thuringiensisserovar entomocidusanti-Gram+Au

23、reocin A53Staphylococcus aureusA53anti-Gram+Siamycin IStreptomyces strain AA6532Antiviralanti-HIVNP-06Streptomyces strain AA6532Antiviralanti-HIVLactococcin G-aLactococcus lactis LMGT2081anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Lactococcin QLactococcus lactis QU 4anti-Gram+LCIBacillus subtilisanti-Gram+anti-Gram-Enteroc

24、in 1071Enterococcus faecalis BFE 1071anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Plantaricin SLactobacillus plantarum LPCO10anti-Gram+anti-Gram-AFP1Streptomyces tendae Tu901（唐德鏈霉菌）antifungalPlantaricin NC8Lactobacillus plantarumNC8anti-Gram+Carnocyclin ACarnobacterium maltaromaticum UAL307anti-Gram+Lactacin FLactobacillus

25、johnsonii VPI11088 (Laf+)anti-Gram+Brochocin CBrochothri* campestris ATCC 43754anti-Gram+Thermophilin 13Streptococcusthermophilusanti-Gram+ABP-118Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salivarius UCC118anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Salivaricin PLactobacillus salivarius DPC6005anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Mutacin IVStreptococ

26、cus mutans UA140anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Lactocin 705Lactobacillus casei CRL 705anti-Gram+anti-Gram-CytolysinEnterococcus faecali（糞腸球菌）anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Mammalian cellsPlantaricin EFLactobacillus plantarumC1anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Plantaricin JKLactobacillus plantarum C1anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Enterocin SE-K4E

27、nterococcus faeciumanti-Gram+Acidocin J1132Lactobacillus acidophilus JCM 1132anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Curvaticin L442Lactobacillus curvatus L442anti-Gram+Bacteriocin 32Enterococcus faeciumanti-Gram+Bacteriocin 43Enterococcus faeciumanti-Gram+Bacteriocin T8Enterococcus faecium T8anti-Gram+Enterocin BEnter

28、ococcus faeciumT136;Enterococcus faeciumW3anti-Gram+Acidocin ALactobacillusacidophilus TK9201anti-Gram+Enterocin QEnterococcusfaecium L50anti-Gram+Enterocin RJ-11Enterococcusfaecalis RJ-11anti-Gram+Enterocin L50Enterococcusfaecium L50anti-Gram+MR10AEnterococcusfaecalisMRR 10-3;Enterococcus faecalis7

29、10Canti-Gram+anti-Gram-Lacticin 3147Lactococcuslactis DPC3147anti-Gram+SpermicidalSalivaricin AStreptococcussalivarius 20P3anti-Gram+Microcin E492Klebsiella pneumoniaeRYC492anti-Gram-Cancer cellsHiracin JM79Enterococcushirae DCH5anti-Gram+Thermophilin 9Streptococcusthermophilus LMD-9anti-Gram+Penoci

30、n APediococcuspentosaceus ATCC 25745anti-Gram+Salivaricin BStreptococcus salivarius K12anti-Gram+Lacticin 481Lactococcuslactis RZ 481anti-Gram+Bacteriocin J46Lactococcuslactis J46anti-Gram+Nukacin ISK-1Staphylococcus warneri ISK-1, or Staphylococcussimulans 3299anti-Gram+Streptococcin A-FF22streptoc

31、occus strain FF22anti-Gram+Lactocin SLactobacillussake L45anti-Gram+MersacidinBacillus sp. strain HIL Y-85 54728anti-Gram+Gramicidin BBacillusbrevisanti-Gram+anti-Gram-Microcin C7Escherichia colianti-Gram-Microcin B17Escherichiacolianti-Gram-Microcin LEscherichiacoli LR05anti-Gram-Microcin MEscheric

32、hia coli MC4100anti-Gram-Microcin I47Escherichiacoli H47anti-Gram-Pep27Streptococcuspneumoniae（肺炎雙球菌）anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Cancer cellsMicrocin 24E. coli 2424anti-Gram-BTLB. subtilis B-TL2antifungalAdDLPAnaeromy*obacter dehalogenansantiparasitic AntimalarialPaenibacillinPaenibacilluspolymy*aanti-Gram+

33、EpiderminStaphylococcus epidermidisT 3298anti-Gram+LichenicidinBacilluslicheniformisATCC 14580 or VK21anti-Gram+Enterocin *Enterococcus faeciumKU-B5anti-Gram+Thuricin CDBacillusthuringiensis DPC 6431anti-Gram+DuramycinStreptoverticillium griseoverticillatum PA-48009anti-Gram+Duramycin BStreptovertic

34、illium strain R2075anti-Gram+Duramycin CStreptomyces griseoluteus R2107anti-Gram+CinnamycinStreptomyces cinnamoneus cinnamoneus DSM 40005anti-Gram+ antifungalMammalian cellsPAMPPropionibacterium jensenii LMG 3032anti-Gram+Michiganin AOmatopathogen, Clavibactermichiganensissubsp. michiganensisanti-Gr

35、am+Ipomicinsweet potato pathogen,Streptomyces ipomoeaeanti-Gram+ActagardineActinoplanesgarbadinensis ATCC31048 and 31049anti-Gram+Sublancin 168Bacillus subtilis 168anti-Gram+Bovicin HJ50Streptococcusbovis HJ50anti-Gram+Thermophilin 1277Streptococcus thermophilus SBT1277anti-Gram+Plantaricin WLactoba

36、cillus plantarumanti-Gram+Staphylococcin C55Staphylococcus aureus C55anti-Gram+GalliderminStaphylococcusgallinarum (F16/P57) T3928anti-Gram+anti-Gram-Epilancin 15*Staphylococcus epidermidis15*154anti-Gram+Epilancin K7Staphylococcusepidermidis K7anti-Gram+Epicidin 280Staphylococcus epidermidis BN 280

37、anti-Gram+Microbisporicin A1Microbispora sp., strain 107891anti-Gram+SmbBStreptococcus mutans GS5anti-Gram+HaloduracinBacillus haloduransC-125anti-Gram+CypemycinStreptomyces sp. OH-4156anti-Gram+PlantazolicinBacillusamyloliquefaciens FZB42anti-Gram+Garvicin MLLactococcus garvieaeDCC43anti-Gram+Lacto

38、cyclicin QLactococcus sp. strain QU 12anti-Gram+anti-Gram-EntianinBacillussubtilis DSM 15029Tanti-Gram+CapistruinBurkholderia thailandensisE264anti-Gram-Lariatin ARhodococcus jostii K01-B0171anti-Gram+Lariatin BRhodococcus jostii K01-B0171anti-Gram+Glycocin FLactobacillusplantarum KW30anti-Gram+Leuc

39、ocyclicin QLeuconostocmesenteroides TK41401anti-Gram+anti-Gram-LaterosporulinBrevibacilluslaterosporus Strain GI-9anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-antifungalGP-19*enorhabdus budapestensisNMC-10anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-antifungalEP-20*enorhabdus budapestensisNMC-10antifungalGeobacillin IGeobacillus thermodenitrifica

40、nsNG80-2anti-Gram+Geobacillin IIGeobacillus thermodenitrificansNG80-2anti-Gram+Bacteriocin LS2Lactobacillus salivariusBGHO1anti-Gram+PatellamideLissoclinum patella-Blp1Lactobacillus salivariusBGHO1anti-Gram+TrichamideTrichodesmium erythraeum-Enterocin NKR-5-3DEnterococcus faeciumanti-Gram+Microcin S

41、Escherichia coliG3/10anti-Gram-Microcin PDIEscherichia coli25anti-Gram-m2163Lactobacilluscasei ATCC 334anti-Gram+m2386Lactobacillus caseiATCC 334anti-Gram+SclerosinPseudomonas sp. strain DF41anti-Gram+antifungalAste*in-1Asticcacaulis e*centricusCB 48anti-Gram-Enterocin AS-48RJEnterococcus faeciumRJ1

42、6anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-Warnericin RKStaphylococcus warneriRKanti-Gram-Mammalian cellsdelta-lysin IStaphylococcus warneriRKanti-Gram-Mammalian cellPaenicidin APaenibacillus polymy*aNRRL B-30509anti-Gram+Antiviral lectin scytovirincyanobacterium,Scytonema variumAntiviralanti-HIVCyanovirin-Ncyanobacteri

43、umAntiviralanti-HIVMicrocystis viridis lectinblue-green algae,Microcystis viridisAntiviralanti-HIVPln149Lactobacillus plantarumNRIC 149anti-Gram+antifungalNAI-802Actinoplanes spanti-Gram+BacCH91Staphylococcus aureusCH-91anti-Gram+Fusaricidin ABacillus polymy*aKT-8anti-Gram+antifungalFusaricidin BBac

44、illus polymy*aKT-8anti-Gram+antifungalFusaricidinBacillus polymy*aKT-8anti-Gram+antifungalFusaricidin DBacillus polymy*aKT-8anti-Gram+antifungalPeptide AN5-1Paenibacillus alveiAN5anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-NRWCBacillus subtilisATCC 6633anti-Gram-PE1Paenibacillus ehimensisB7anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-antifungalD

45、aptomycinStreptomyces roseosporusNRRL11379anti-Gram+ColistinPaenibacillus polymy*avar. colistinusanti-Gram-, AntibiofilmSubtilosin A1Bacillus subtilisanti-Gram+AP02221Streptococcus macedonicusACA-DC 198anti-Gram+SubtilomycinBacillus subtilisMMA7anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-antifungalGramicidin SBacillus bre

46、visanti-Gram+ anti-Gram-antifungalMammalian cellsEnterocin RM6Enterococcus faecalisOSY-RM6anti-Gram+lacticin QLactococcus lactisQU 5anti-Gram+LsbALactococcus lactisanti-Gram+LsbBLactococcus lactisanti-Gram+BHT-BStreptococcus rattusBHTanti-Gram+BHT-A1Streptococcus rattusBHTanti-Gram+Enterocin 7BEnter

47、ococcusfaecalis710C;anti-Gram+CmmAMP-Iplantpathogenanti-Gram+Brevifactina marineactinobacteriumanti-Gram+ anti-Gram-antifungalAntio*idant,Salivaricin 9Streptococcus salivariusNU10anti-Gram+Bacteriocin OR-7Lactobacillus salivariusstrain NRRL B-30514anti-Gram-Bacteriocin L-1077Lactobacillus salivarius

48、1077 (NRRL B-50053)anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-Bactofencin ALactobacillus salivariusDPC6502anti-Gram+Plantaricin 163Lactobacillus plantarum163anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-Champacyclinmarine sediments of the Gotland Deep (Baltic Sea)anti-Gram-antifungalFengycin B2Bacillus thuringiensisantifungalBacFL31Enterococcus

49、faeciumFL31anti-Gram+PaenibacterinPaenibacillus thiaminolyticusOSY-SEanti-Gram+anti- Gram-Cerecidin A1Bacilluscereusanti-Gram+Cerecidin A7Bacilluscereusanti-Gram+Microcin BEscherichia colianti-Gram-BsaA2munity-acquiredmethicillin-resistantSanti-Gram+PepG1 longStaphylococcus aureusanti-Gram+ anti-Gra

50、m-PepG1 shortStaphylococcus aureusanti-Gram+ anti-Gram-AN5-2Paenibacillus alveiAN5anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-Baceridinplant-associatedBacillus strainanti-Gram+Cancer cellsLassomycin-anti-Gram+Gageostatin ABacillus subtilisanti-Gram+ anti-Gram-antifungalCancer cellsGageostatin BBacillus subtilisanti-Gram+

51、anti-Gram-antifungalCancer cellsGageostatin CBacillus subtilisanti-Gram+ anti-Gram-antifungalCancer cellsGageotetrin ABacillus subtilisantifungalGageotetrin BBacillus subtilisantifungalGageotetrin CBacillus subtilisantifungalThurincin HBacillus thuringiensisSF361anti-Gram+Bac-GM100Brevibacillus brev

52、isstrain GM100anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-antifungalAmylocyclicinBacillus amyloliquefaciensFZB42anti-Gram+SonorensinBacillus sonorensisMT93anti-Gram+PerfrinClostridium perfringensanti-Gram+SilStreptococcus iniaeSF1anti-Gram+Garvicin ALactococcus garvieae21881anti-Gram+Taromycin Athe marine actinomyceteanti

53、-Gram+Microbisporicin A2Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024anti-Gram+Tolworthcin 524Bacillus thuringiensissubspanti-Gram+ anti-Gram-Plantaricin ZJ008Lactobacillus plantarumZJ008anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-Plantaricin ZJ5Lactobacillus plantarumZJ5anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-RLID 12.1Bacillus subtilisRLID 12.1anti-Gram+ ant

54、i-Gram-antifungalLMW peptidePediococcus pentosaceusIE-3anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-CarnolysinCarnobacterium maltaromaticumC2anti-Gram+Micrococcin P1Staphylococcus epidermidisstrain 115anti-Gram+antiparasiticAntimalarialS. amritsarensis lipopeptideStreptomyces amritsarensisanti-Gram+Ala-6-fenycinBacillus sp

55、. strain P34anti-Gram+ anti-Gram-antiviralEnterocin O16Enterococcus faecalisanti-Gram+PseABacillus pseudomycoidesDSM 12442anti-Gram+Labyrinthopeptin A2Actinomaduranamibiensisantiviral注：不同的顏色對應不同的抗性1.1.1來源于芽孢桿菌只抗革蘭氏陰性菌（G-）的抗菌肽針對細菌中的抗菌肽，其中同源性最高的芽孢桿菌來源的抗菌肽更容易在芽孢桿菌表達系統(tǒng)中進行表達，故優(yōu)先統(tǒng)計來源于芽孢桿菌只抗革蘭氏陰性菌（G-）的抗菌肽（

56、AMP）；共有3種，具體信息如下：a：NameNRWCSourceBacillus subtilisATCC 6633Activityanti-Gram-3D StructureUnknownSequenceNRWCFAGDDTitleCharacterization of an antimicrobial peptide produced by Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizezinii showing inhibitory activity on Haemophilus parasuis【】Tei*eira ML, Dalla Rosa A, Brandelli

57、 A.Characterization of an antimicrobial peptide produced by Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizezinii showing inhibitory activity on Haemophilus parasuis;Microbiology. 2013 May;159(Pt 5):980-8.Pub-Med;2013】AuthorTei*eira ML, Dalla Rosa A, Brandelli A.2013ReferenceMicrobiology. 2013 May;159(Pt 5):980-8.Pub

58、-Medb：NameColistinSourceBacillus polymy*a（多粘芽孢桿菌）Activityanti-Gram-3D StructureUnknownSequenceKTKKKLLKKTTitlePolymy*in: a new chemotherapeutic agent【】STANSLY PG, SHEPHERD RG, WHITE HJ.Polymy*in: a new chemotherapeutic agent;Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp. 1947 Jul;81(1): 43-54.Pub-Med; 1947】AuthorSTANSLY P

59、G, SHEPHERD RG, WHITE HJ.1947ReferenceBull Johns Hopkins Hosp. 1947 Jul;81(1):43-54.Pub-Med.C：NameBacteriocin OR-7SourceLactobacillus salivarius（唾液乳桿菌）Activityanti-Gram-3D StructureUnknownSequenceKTYYGTNGVHCTKNSLWGKVRLKNMKYDQNTTYMGRLQDILLGWATGAFGKTFHTitleIsolation of a Lactobacillus salivarius strai

60、n and purification of its bacteriocin, which is inhibitory to Campylobacter jejuni in the chicken gastrointestinal system【】 Stern NJ, Svetoch EA, Eruslanov BV, Perelygin VV, Mitsevich EV, Mitsevich IP, Pokhilenko VD, Levchuk VP, Svetoch OE, Seal BS. Isolation of a Lactobacillus salivarius strain and