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1、詞匯& 短文填空(2014.5)edited by xhh2014 中考詞匯題分值15分,分A、根據(jù)句意、首字母或中英文釋義、音標寫出所缺單詞(5題5分 )B、用所給單詞的適當形式填空(5題5分)C、用所給動詞的適當形式填空(5題5 分)三部分。詞匯復習也就是在復習基礎知識和基本技能這一階段,考生應該把所學的單詞、短語、過去式、過去分詞(不規(guī)則)等,過一遍篩子,從而達到查缺補漏的目的,同時也為詞匯和短文填空這兩道大題奠定堅實的基礎。要求同學們在總復習時做到:1.要加強基礎知識和基本技能的學習訓練,掌握大量的單詞和固定短語搭配。2.要重視語言的上下文理解,把語言放到真實的語境中。3.要了解英語語
2、言的背景知識和文化知識,盡可能用英語去理解英語。這樣才能在解答此題時,得心應手。單詞拼寫試題則不同于詞語運用題,它不僅僅是單純地測試單詞拼寫,而是把單詞放在句子中和句子有機地結合起來,旨在考查單詞的運用技巧。因此在復習和考試中,解此題應注意以下幾個方面:a.如果所填的詞是名詞,則要注意是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞,如果是可數(shù)名詞,則要注意它的單、復數(shù)形式。b.如果要考查的詞是形容詞、副詞,則要注意其等級變化,特別要注意的是那些特殊的形式,像:bad,badly,ill所共用的比較級、最高級形式worse,worst;像little的比較級、最高級less,least等,更應該引起考生的注意。c.如
3、果是動詞,則要注意其單數(shù)第三人稱的形式,還有過去式,過去分詞等變化,以及其非謂語動詞的運用。d.如果是人稱代詞,則要注意使用的是主格還是賓格。e.如果是物主代詞,則要注意是名詞性物主代詞還是形容詞性物主代詞的形式。以及反身代詞等的用法。解題策略:四字經(jīng): 研、尋、定、查。高分技巧:一、分析詞性:口訣如下:空前空后要注意,“名詞”單復數(shù)要牢記,還有s不能棄,“動詞”注意要變形,“形副”注意要用三級,要填“數(shù)詞”請留意,千萬別忘“基”和“序”,填入“代詞”需慎重,五格變化要謹記。二、注意各種詞性之間的相互轉換:1、v.+ er/or - n.eg. teach_ visit _ invent _
4、2.adj.+ly - adv. careful _ polite _ easy _ terrible _ safe _ true _ 3. n.+ ly adj. friend _ month _ year _ week _ 4. adj.- n. important _ lost _ different _ silent _ healthy _ dead _ humorous _ proud _ difficult _ 5.v.-adj. die _ miss _ lose _ 6. v+tion -n. invent _ pollute _ protect _ 7. v+ ment -
5、n. agree _ develop _ move _ excite _ 8. adj.+ ness- n.ill _ kind _ happy _ sad _ 9. n.+ less/ful -adj. careful /careless; helpful /helpless具體情況分析:1.be后面可以填三種形式:現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞或形容詞。be+Ving構成進行時; be+adj.表狀態(tài);be+Vpp構成被動語態(tài)2.冠詞、形容詞、物主代詞和名詞所有格后填名詞。a/an/the+n ;adj.+n.;物主代詞+n.;n s+n.3.名詞前可填形容詞、形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格。-adj.
6、+n.;物主代詞+n.; n s+n4.動詞或動詞短語后填副詞-v.+adv.或adv.+v.5.兩個句子之間填連詞6.冠詞和名詞之間填形容詞。冠詞+adj.+n. 7.have/has/had后首先考慮填動詞的過去分詞-have/has/had+Vpp構成現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)8.數(shù)字 (除one外)后面填名詞復數(shù),序數(shù)詞后填名詞單數(shù)。-基數(shù)詞 (除one外)+n.(pl.)序數(shù)詞+n.(單數(shù)) 9.如果需要填數(shù)詞,則看名詞,名詞是復,填基數(shù)詞;名詞是單數(shù)填序數(shù)詞或one-基數(shù)詞+n.(pl.)序數(shù)詞/one+n.(單數(shù)) 10.通過所缺詞前后的關鍵詞,填出答案如: many/few/several/
7、most+n.(pl.)much+-er-er+than11.句首空詞,并且后面有逗號,考慮填副詞。-However,/Luckily,/Unluckily Also,/Mostimportantly,+句子 12.句中不缺成分,考慮填副詞,句末一定是副詞13.通過固定短語填出所缺的詞。eg.keepintouchwith; playajokeon;beonavisittothe+比較級-, the+比較級- 14.more后填形容詞或副詞原級;可數(shù)名詞復數(shù);不可數(shù)名詞-more+多音節(jié)原級;more+n.(pl.) more+不可數(shù)名詞15.介詞后可以填: V.ing;名詞;代詞賓格-介詞+
8、Ving.介詞+n.介詞+賓格16. before/after+V.ing 17.從句句首,主語前填連詞。-連詞句子,句子。 (注意:連詞后無標點) 18.單句句首主語前填副詞。-副詞,句子。 (副詞后定有逗號) 19.can t/should/might/don t/didn t/doesn t/won t/please+動詞原形20.冠詞the后,多考慮填名詞,有時也可以填形容詞表示一類人。-the+n.the+adj.21.Who+V.(多為單數(shù)形式)或What+V.(多為單數(shù)形式)22.注意在定語從句中,先行詞who+V V.的單復數(shù)與先行詞的單復數(shù)保持一致。23.notonlyAbu
9、talsoB(AandB)A、B詞性和詞形一致24.while后面用進行時 (一)、 HYPERLINK /cpro/ui/uijs.php?rs=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2E51test%2Enet%2Fshow%2F532543%2Ehtml&p=baidu&c=news&n=10&t=tpclicked3_hc&q=chinacpunioncpr&k=%B5%A5%B4%CA&k0=%B5%A5%B4%CA&k1=%B4%CA%BB%E3&sid=6c415dd0deda1377&ch=0&tu=u1305503&jk=8ebcd5aa8b771870&cf=1&fv=
10、11&stid=9&urlid=0&luki=1&seller_id=1 t _blank 單詞釋義。根據(jù)首字母及英文單詞釋義寫出這個單詞。1. g _ showing thanks to another person.解題技巧要準確理解釋義的內(nèi)涵。h_ almost not ; (二)、在下列各句的空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~,使句意完整,語法正確。2. Paul walked into the bedroom _ because his wife and baby were sleeping.解題技巧利用上下文提供的情景和線索,進行合乎邏輯的綜合分析和推理,便能輕而易舉地猜出詞義,寫出單詞。(三
11、)、根據(jù)括號里的英文釋義和首字母提示,完成下列英語句子。3. Lian Zhan a _ (get to) in Xian in April,2005.解題技巧看所填單詞在句中所充當?shù)某煞郑此顔卧~前面的修飾語,看固定句式或慣用搭配,看句子其他提示詞。(四)、根據(jù)句意及所給的漢語意思寫出所缺單詞。4. The book is _(值得的)reading again. 解題技巧在句中填寫單詞時,注意看清所填單詞在句中充當?shù)某煞?,看清所填單詞前面的修飾語,看是否是固定句式或慣用搭配。(五)、根據(jù)句子意思,用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。5. The policeman helped him fi
12、nd his _ (miss) motorbike.解題技巧根據(jù)語法知識和構詞法規(guī)則寫出正確答案。(六)、用所給詞的正確形式或根據(jù)音標填空。7. I want to know _ /we/a writing brush is made of bamboo and animals hair.解題技巧掌握常見字母組合在單詞中的讀音以及詞形變化、轉換、合成和派生詞的讀音,還有一些元、輔音字母在詞中不發(fā)音的情況等。要注意總結、歸納和比較一些特殊的發(fā)音現(xiàn)象。(七)、確定非謂語動詞的形式 如果所給的動詞在句子中不作謂語,就應該考慮用動詞的非謂語動詞形式。 1want,hope,wish,decide,wo
13、uld like,agree, learn, plan, choose, manage, offer to do2enjoy,finish,mind,be busy,be worth,feel like,whathow about,cant help,practice,have funproblems ,miss, give up, suggest, look forward to, succeed in, pay attention to, keep, be worth, allow -ing 3tell,ask,order, encourage,advise,teach, want, wi
14、sh,allow sb to do4.remember,forget,stop,try,mean, love,like, need, go on,continue, be used to do/doing5.感官動詞和使役動詞:feel sb do/doing; listen to, hear sb do/doing make, let, have sb do ; look at, watch, see, notice sb do/doing在被動語態(tài)中用to do ; have sth done II、動詞填空題解題技巧:動詞填空主要用來測試考生對動詞和非謂語動詞形式、語態(tài)及主謂一致等知識的
15、掌握情況。因此,掌握好動詞的各種形式及其用法是做此類題的關鍵。我們可以從以下幾方面著手:一、確定正確的時態(tài)(6 種時態(tài))1根據(jù)句中的時間狀語來確定時態(tài)。例如,現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語:already, yet, ever, never, just, before, for, since+時間點;since+過去時態(tài)的句子, so far, by now, in/during the last/past few years 2注意時態(tài)呼應。在主從復合句中,主句謂語與從句謂語動詞的時態(tài)是相互照應的。1)在賓語從句中,如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時,從句根據(jù)需要選用任何時態(tài);如果主句是一般過去時,從句要用過去的某
16、種時態(tài);如果從句表達的是一個客觀事實不管主句是何種時態(tài),從句仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。2)在狀語從句中,如果主句是一般將來時,或是祈使句,或是含情態(tài)動詞的句子,時間和條件狀語從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來發(fā)生的動作。3根據(jù)上下文確定時態(tài)。有時句子沒有明顯的時間狀語,也不能用時態(tài)呼應規(guī)則來對照,這時就可以根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容來判斷時間關系,確定時態(tài)。如: “Youvecertainlytouchedmyheartwithyourchoices.AndImsuretheFiveFriendlies _(touch)theheartoftheworld.”句意是“你以你的選擇已經(jīng)震撼了我的心,我相信這五個福娃將會給世
17、人帶來震撼?!焙缶涫枪P者對美好事物的祝愿,所以應用一般將來時。 二、確定正確的語態(tài) :我們在考慮時態(tài)的同時,也要考慮語態(tài)。當句子的主語是謂語動詞動作的承受者時,用被動語態(tài);反之用主動語態(tài)。如: “They_(choose)carefullybyBeijing2008torepresent.注意:不及物動詞或相當于不及物動詞的短語動詞(如listen,sleep,take place, happen,get up,grow up,break out,come in等)沒有被動語態(tài)。如:Great changes have taken place in the last few years. Th
18、e war broke out many years ago但是,當“不及物動詞介(副)詞”構成的短語動詞其作用相當于及物動詞時,則有被動語態(tài)。The children are looked after well 中考短文填空解題技巧:I首字母填空題解題技巧:字母填空題主要考察學生正確理解和書寫英語單詞。解答這種題需要平時扎實地打好基礎,單詞拼寫要過關,善于分析句子結構,熟練各種詞形首的變化,動詞時態(tài)形式的變化,非謂語動詞的運用等,另外,掌握必要的閱讀技巧,也很重要。一 跳過空格,通讀短文,了解大意根據(jù)首字母填空的題型,實際上相當于完形填空,必須先快速通讀全文,盡量理解文章的主要內(nèi)容,再仔細揣
19、摩需要填詞的句子,只有完全理解全句的意思,才能準確填寫單詞。二. 復讀短文,確定語義,判斷詞形。1 利用上下文的語境,結合所學過的知識,先確定空格處所需詞語的意義.2再根據(jù)空格在句子中的位置,判斷其在句中充當?shù)某煞郑瑥亩_定所填詞的詞性,再依據(jù)詞語搭配和語法規(guī)則,判斷所填的詞的正確形式。例如,單,復數(shù)、形容詞,副詞的級別、時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣及非謂語動詞的形式等,要特別注意時態(tài)的呼應及主謂一致。三.通讀短文,檢查答案。例一:A survey has been published which shows that British people dont like their neighbours v
20、ery much. 80% of the people who took part in the survey feel that their neighbours h_ pay attention to others feelings. 25% dont talk to the people who live next door and 10% dont even know their n_. In fact, one million people in Britain would like to m_ because they dont get along w_ with their ne
21、ighbours.According to the survey, the b_ problem is noise. Many of the c_ about noise came from people who live in flats and old houses. These places often have thin walls which cant s_ the noise from next door. The other main problems are disagreements about car parking space, and old people compla
22、ining about the y_ . Some disagreements last a long time. In one case, people w_live in the same building havent talked to each other for fifteen years. Sometimes the disagreements end in violence ( 暴力 ). In one of the worst cases, a man killed a neighbour because he kept p_in “his space”.Another su
23、rvey shows that 90% of the neighbours never s_ a meal. 80% have never had a drink together and 20% have never even spoken. However, when neighbours become each others friends, they are often r _to offer help, as we can see in many parts of the world.1.a (an)考點1:不定冠詞,表示泛指。Eg:A tiger 就表示一只老虎,是泛指;而the
24、tiger則表示那只老虎,是特指??键c2:元音前加an,輔音前加a,注意:元音和輔音指的是音標而不是拼寫。Eg:hour前需要加an,構成an hour;而useful tool前面加的是a,構成a useful tool?!鞠嚓P拓展】A和One也表示一個,但one更強調(diào)是“一”個,而a則沒有強調(diào)的意味。2.Ability 名詞,可數(shù)(復數(shù)為abilities)考點1:have an(the)ability to do sth。考點2:形容詞able,be able to do。可運用于各種時態(tài),Eg:I was able to play the piano when I was young【
25、相關拓展】ability加否定前綴dis,構成名詞disability,殘疾或殘疾人,當做殘疾人講可數(shù),disabilities就相當于the disabled,表示一類人。 形容詞disabled,殘疾的。able加否定前綴un,構成unable,不能、不會。Eg:They were unable to explain why.3.About考點1:表示大約。Eg:about 5 oclock.考點2:同around,在。周圍??键c3:關于,對于。Eg:His research is about animals.考點4:be about to do,正要做某事?!鞠嚓P拓展】表示大約的一類詞:
26、nearly, about, around, almost, approximately4.Above 介詞,在之上;超過,大于。副詞,上文的,上述的考點1:非表面,非垂直向上。Eg:Above the clouds考點2:數(shù)目,價錢,數(shù)量等超過。Eg:The temperature has been above the average recently. Theres nothing in this shop above/over a dollar考點3:上文,上述的。Eg:Just as mentioned above考點4:above all,最重要的是, 尤其?!鞠嚓P拓展】Above的
27、反義詞是below, over的反義詞是under.5.Abroad 副詞,在國外,廣泛地考點1:國外,Eg:go abroad for further study考點2:from abroad從海外,at home and abroad 在國內(nèi)和國外考點3:the news spreads aboard 消息廣泛傳播6.Accept 動詞,接受,認可考點1:接受,accept a gift,accept the advice,accept the consequence (結果)考點2:認可,Eg:He is accepted by his classmates. I accept the
28、judges decision.7.Accident 名詞,事故,偶然考點1:事故,a traffic accident考點2:偶然,by accident,Eg:We met by accident at the airport.考點3:句型 It is no accident that 表示:。絕非偶然?!鞠嚓P拓展】Accidental 形容詞,意外的。 Accidentally 副詞,偶然地,意外地。8.According 副詞,相符的,一致的。考點1:According to 根據(jù)。 Eg:Youve been in prison six times according to our
29、records.考點2:副詞,Accordingly 相應地 Eg:The cost of materials rose sharply last year. Accordingly, we were forced to increase our prices.9.Achieve 動詞,實現(xiàn)??键c1:achieve one target/goal/purpose【相關拓展】表示實現(xiàn)的一類詞:achieve, accomplish, reach, realize, fulfill10.Across 介詞、副詞, 越過,另一邊.考點1:從一邊到另一邊,強調(diào)橫過。Eg:Can you swim ac
30、ross the river?考點2:在對邊(對面),across from Eg: Theres a school just across from our house.【相關拓展】 注意Across強調(diào)的是從一邊到另一邊,是從表面或上方越過或橫過,而Through強調(diào)的是從內(nèi)部穿過。11.Act 名詞,行為,表演。 動詞,扮演,行動,起作用??键c1:行為,Eg:an act of kindness考點2:表演,Eg:a song and dance act考點3:act as,充任某角色; 擔任某工作。Eg:I dontunderstand their language; youll ha
31、ve to act as interpreter(翻譯).考點4:act on,對有影響或起作用。Eg:Alcohol(酒精) acts quickly on the brain.【相關拓展】Action,名詞,行動,動作。 常用詞組take action,諺語Actions speak louder than words,行勝于言。Active,形容詞,積極的,有效的。常用搭配,take an active part in, 積極參加。active resistance,積極的抵抗。Active volcano,活火山。Actively 副詞 take part in- acticely1、
32、clothes,cloth,clothing clothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服,謂語動詞永遠是復數(shù),cloth指布,為不可數(shù)名詞clothing服裝的總稱,指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof2.incident,accident incident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故Hewaskilledintheaccident.3.amount,number amount后接不可數(shù)名詞,number后接可數(shù)名詞anumberofstudents4.family,house,home home家,包括住處和家人, house房子,住宅, family家庭成員.Myfamilyis
33、ahappyone./His family were watching TV when I got there.5.sound,voice,noise sound自然界各種各樣的聲音, voice人的嗓音,noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.6.photo,picture,drawing photo用照相機拍攝的照片, picture可指相片,圖片,電影片, drawing畫的畫Letsgoandseeagoodpicture.7.vocabulary,word vocabulary詞匯,一個人擁有的單詞量, word具體的單詞Hehasalargevocabula
34、ry.8.population,people population人口,人數(shù), people具體的人Chinahasalargepopulation.9.weather,climate weather一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況, climate長期的氣候狀況Theclimatehereisnotgoodforyou.10.road,street,path,way road具體的公路,馬路, street街道, path小路,小徑, way道路,途徑takethisroad;inthestreet,showmethewaytothemuseum.11.course,subject course課程(可
35、包括多門科目),subject科目(具體的學科)asummercourse12.custom,habit custom傳統(tǒng)風俗,習俗,也可指生活習慣,后接todo,habit生活習慣,習慣成自然,后接ofdoing.Ivegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.13.cause,reason;cause指造成某一事實或現(xiàn)象的直接原因,后接ofsth./doingsth,reason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結果的理由,后接forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeinglate14.exercise,exercises,practice;exercise運動,鍛煉(不可
36、數(shù)),exercises練習(可數(shù)),practice(反復做的)練習Practicemakesperfect.15.class,lesson作課解時,兩者可以替換.指課文用lesson.;指班級或全體學生用class. lesson6;class516.speech,talk,lecture ;speech指在公共場所所做的經(jīng)過準備的較正式的演說, talk日常生活中的一般的談話,講話, lecture學術性的演講,講課aseriesoflectureon17.officer,official officer部隊的軍官, official政府官員anarmyofficer18.work,jo
37、b二者均指工作。work不可數(shù), job可數(shù)agoodjob 19.couple,pair couple主要指人或動物, pair多指由兩部分組成的東西apairoftrousers20.country,nation,state,land country側重指版圖,疆域, nation指人民,國民,民族, state側重指政府,政體, land國土,國家Thewholenationwassadatthenews.21.cook,cooker cook廚師, cooker廚具Heisagoodcook.22. police,policeman police警察的總稱后接復數(shù)謂語動詞,police
38、man指某個具體的警察Tblem,question;problem和困難連系,前面的動詞常為thinkabout,solve,raise; question常和疑問連系和ask,answer連用25.man,aman;man人類, aman一個男人Manwillconquernature.26.chick,chicken二者均可指小雞, chicken還可以當雞肉Thechickenisdelicious.27.trip,journey,travel,voyage travel是最常用的, trip指
39、短期的旅途, journey指稍長的旅途, voyage指海上航行athree-daytrip29.sport,game; sport多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動,如打球,游泳,打獵,賽馬等;game指決定勝負的游戲,通常有一套規(guī)則Hisfavoritesportisswimming. 30.price,prize price價格, prize獎,獎品,獎金winthefirstprizeThepriceishigh/low.31.anumberof,thenumberof anumberof許多,謂語動詞復數(shù)。thenumberof的數(shù)目,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Thenumberofstudentsi
40、sincreasing.32.infrontof,inthefrontof infrontof范圍外的前面, inthefrontof范圍內(nèi)的前面Inthefrontoftheroomsitsaboy. 33.oftheday,ofaday oftheday每一天的,當時的,當代的,ofaday暫時的,不長久的afamousscientistoftheday34.threeofus,thethreeofus ;threeofus我們(不止三個)中的三個, thethreeofus我們?nèi)齻€(就三個人)Thethreeofus-Tom,JackandIwenttothecinema.35.bybu
41、s,onthebus bybus表手段方式,不用冠詞onthebus表范圍Theywenttherebybus. 36.foramoment,forthemoment foramoment片刻,一會兒, forthemoment暫時,一時Thinkingforamoment,heagreed.37.nextyear,thenextyear nextyear將來時間狀語, thenextyear過去將來時間狀語Hesaidhewouldgoabroadthenextyear.38.morethanayear,morethanoneyear morethanayear一年多, morethanon
42、eyear超過一年(兩年或三年等)39.takeadvice,takethe(ones)advice takeadvice征求意見, taketheadvice接受忠告Herefusedtotaketheadviceandfailedagain. 40.takeair,taketheair takeair傳播,走漏, taketheair到戶外去,散步Wetaketheaireveryday. 41.inaword,inwords inaword總之,一句話,inwords口頭上Inaword,youareright.42.inplaceof,intheplaceof inplaceof代替,
43、 intheplaceof在地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.43.insecret,inthesecret insecret秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地,一般用作狀語; inthesecret知道內(nèi)情,知道秘密,一般用作表語Mymotherwasinthesecretfromthebeginning.44.agirl,onegirl agirl可泛指所有女孩,onegirl一個女孩Canonegirlcarrysuchabigbox?45.takeachair,takethechair takeachair相當于sitdown坐下, taketh
44、echair開始開會46.gotosea,bysea,bythesea gotosea當海員,出航, bysea乘船,由海路,bythesea在海邊gobysea47.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandtheteacher thedoctorandteacher指一個人,既是醫(yī)生又是老師,thedoctorandtheteacher兩個人,一個醫(yī)生和一個老師thedoctorandteacheris48.inoffice,intheoffice inoffice在職的, intheoffice在辦公室里Heisinoffice,notoutofoffice. 49
45、.inbed,onthebed inbed臥在床上, onthebed在床上Thebookisonthebed.Heisillinbed.50.inchargeof,inthechargeof inchargeof管理,負責照料,inthechargeof由照料Heisinchargeofthematter.Thematterisinthechargeofher.51.inclass,intheclass inclass在課上, intheclass在班級里Heisthebeststudentintheclass.52.onfire,onthefire onfire著火,onthefire在火
46、上Putthefoodonthefire.Thehouseisonfire.53.outofquestion,outofthequestion outofquestion毫無疑問的, outofthequestion不可能的54.asecond,thesecond asecond又一,再一, thesecond第Hewonthesecondprize.55.byday,bytheday byday白天, bytheday按天計算Theworkersarepaidbytheday.56.thepeople,apeople thepeople指人, apeople指民族TheChineseisap
47、eace-lovingpeople.57.it,one it同一物體, one同類不同一Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.58.that,this that指代上文所提到的, this導出下文所要說的Iwasill.Thatswhy59.none,nothing,noone none強調(diào)有多少, nothing,noone強調(diào)有沒有, nothing指物, noone指人-Howmany/Howmuch?-None. 60.anyone,anyoneanyone指人,不能接of, anyone指人物均可,可接ofanyoneofyou61.who,what who指姓名
48、或關系, what指職業(yè)或地位Whatisyourdad?Heisateacher.62.what,whichwhat的選擇基礎是無限制的, which在一定范圍內(nèi)進行選擇Whichdoyouprefer,bananasorapples?63.other,anotherother后接名詞復數(shù), another后接名詞單數(shù)otherstudents,anotherstudent64.notalittle,notabit notalittle非常, notabit一點也不Imnotabittired.我一點兒也不累。65.many,much,alotof many和可數(shù)名詞連用, much和不可數(shù)
49、名詞連用, alotof可數(shù),不可數(shù)均可,但不用于否定句Ihaventmanybooks. 66.muchmorethan,manymorethan muchmorethan后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞, manymorethan后接可數(shù)名詞manymorepeople,muchmorewater,muchmorebeautiful67.no,not no=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater68.nomorethan,notmorethan nomorethan相當于only,僅僅,只有, notmorethan至多,不超過69.by
50、oneself,foroneself,tooneself,ofoneself byoneself單獨的,獨自的, foroneself為自己, tooneself供自己用的, ofoneself自行的,自動的Thedooropenedofitself.71.atall,afterall atall根本,全然,afterall到底,畢竟Afterallheisachild.72.tall,high tall常指人或動物, high常指物體Heistall. 73.fast,quickly fast側重于指人或物體具有運動速度快的特點, quickly側重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快 runfast,an
51、swerthequestionquickly74.high,highly high具體的高, highly抽象的高,高度的thinkhighlyof75.healthy,healthful healthy健康的,健壯的, healthful有益于健康的healthfulexercise76.sleeping,asleep,sleepy sleeping正在睡覺, asleep睡著,熟睡,只能做表語, sleepy困的,有睡意的asleepingbabyThebabyisasleep.Imsleepy.77.gold,golden gold指真金制品, golden指金色的,但金魚用goldfi
52、sh agoldring78.most,mostly most用于表感受的肯定句中,相當于very,當大部分,大多數(shù)解時是形容詞或名詞, mostly大部分,是副詞mostpeople,thepeoplearemostly79.just,very just表強調(diào)時是副詞,作狀語, very表強調(diào)時是形容詞,用作定語theveryman,justtheman80.wide,broad wide側重于一邊到另一邊的距離, broad側重于幅面的寬廣broadshoulders81.real,true real真的,真實的,指的是事實上存在而不是想象的, true真的,真正的,指的是事實和實際情況相
53、符合realgold,atruestory82.pleasant,pleased,pleasing pleasant常用作定語, pleased,pleasing常用作表語, pleased主語常為人, pleasing主語常為物apleasanttripThetripispleasing. 85.understanding,understandable understanding明白事理的,能體諒的, understandable可理解的,能夠懂的anunderstandinggirl,anunderstandablemistake86.close,closely close接近,靠近, c
54、losely緊緊地,緊密地closelyconnected,standclose87.ill,sick ill做表語, sick定,表均可asickboy88.good,well good形容詞, well副詞,但指身體狀況是形容詞Heiswellagain. 89.quiet,silent,still quiet安靜的,可以發(fā)出小的聲音, silent不發(fā)出聲音,但可以動,still完全不動,完全無聲響Hestandtherestill.他站在那兒,一動不動,也不說話。90.hard,hardly hard努力, hardly幾乎不workhardIcanhardlybelieveit.91
55、.almost,nearly二者均為幾乎,差不多和否定詞連用用almostalmostnobody93.late,lately late遲,晚, lately最近,近來Ihaventseenhimlately.94.living,alive,live,lively living,alive,live均為活著的, living定表均可, alive定表均可,定語后置, live只能做定語, lively意為活波的allthelivingpeople=allthepeoplealive95.excited,exciting excited使人興奮的exciting令人興奮的Imexcited.Th
56、enewsisexciting.96.deep,deeply deep具體的深, deeply抽象的深,深深地deeplymoved,digdeep97.aloud,loud aloud出聲地, loud大聲地readaloud出聲地讀98.worth,worthy二者均為值得, worth后接doing, worthy后接tobedone,ofbeingdoneItisworthvisiting.=Itsworthytobevisited.=Itsworthyofbeingvisited.99.bad,badly bad形容詞,badly副詞,不好,但與need,want,require連用
57、為很,非常gobad Ineedthebookbadly. 100.beforelong,longbefore beforelong不久以后, longbefore很久以前notlongbefore=beforelong101.quite,rather quite完全地,相當于completely,rather修飾比較級quiteimpossible102.happy,glad happy高興,幸福,定表均可, glad高興,只能做表語ahappygirl103.instead,insteadof instead是副詞,放在句首或句末, insteadof是介詞短語,放在句中Hedidntse
58、eafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV.HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm. 104.toomuch,muchtoo toomuch后接不可數(shù)名詞, muchtoo后接形容詞muchtooheavy105.beaboutto,begoingto,betodo beaboutto表最近的將來,后面不接時間狀語, begoingto側重打算,想法, betodo側重意志,計劃,安排Imtomeethim.(含雙方事先約好的意思)106.raise,rise raise及物動詞, rise不及物動詞Thesunrisesintheeast. 107.bring
59、,take,carry,fetch bring拿來, take帶走, carry隨身攜帶, fetch去回這一往返動作fetchaboxofchalk108.spend,take,pay,cost spend人做主語,花錢,花時間; spendonsth./indoingsth;take物做主語,花時間; pay人做主語,花錢, payfor;cost物做主語,花錢109.join,joinin,takepartin join加入某個組織,并成為其中的一員; joinin參加小型的活動,joinsb.in; takepartin參加大型的活動Hejoinedthearmyfiveyearsag
60、o.110.learn,study learn學習,側重學習的結果, study學習,側重學習的過程,研究studytheproblem111.want,hope,wish want打算,想要, wanttodo,wantsb.todo,hope希望(通??梢詫崿F(xiàn)),hopetodo/hopethatwish希望(通常不能實現(xiàn))wish(sb.)todo,wishsb/sth.+n.Iwishyousuccess.112.discover,invent,findout discover發(fā)現(xiàn)本來存在但不為人所知的東西, invent發(fā)明本來不存在的物體, findout發(fā)現(xiàn),查明Atlasthe
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