2014人教版新目標(biāo)英語九年級Unit12-Life-is-full-of-the-unexpected-Section-A-Grammar-Focus--4c

1、Unit 12Life is full of the unexpected.Section AGrammar Focus 4c思考與討論：1. 在以下的時間狀語從句中，主句和從句的動作是先后發(fā)生還是同時發(fā)生？2. 主從句都用一般過去時態(tài)的時間狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有什么？When he came in, the students stood up.When the baby saw her mother, she stopped crying.He was about to watch a movie when his parents knocked at the door.They were ab

2、out to get on the bus when they heard someone shout.As I was standing in front of the teachers office, I saw a boy fight with another boy.As he was doing housework, a bird flew into the kitchen. 1）在以上的時間狀語從句中，主句和從句的動作是同時發(fā)生，或者是在進(jìn)行一個動作時，另外一個動作突然發(fā)生。2）主從句都用一般過去時態(tài)的時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有（when , as ）等When he came in,

3、the students stood up.When the baby saw her mother, she stopped crying.He was about to watch a movie when his parents knocked at the door.They were about to get on the bus when they heard someone shout.As I was standing in front of the teachers office, I saw a boy fight with another boy.As he was do

4、ing housework, a bird flew into the kitchen.GrammarFocusWhen I go to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee firs

5、t.As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.When I go to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.I was about to go up to my office when I decid

6、ed to get a coffee first.As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.討論：為什么主句分別使用過去完成時態(tài)和一般過去時態(tài)在使用不同時態(tài)時從句和主句的動作的先后順序。過去完成時(1) 構(gòu)成：由“助動詞had(用于各種人稱和數(shù)) + 過去分詞”構(gòu)成 否定式：had not + 過去分詞 縮寫形式：hadnt (2) 用法：過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作。(3) 它所表示動作發(fā)生的時間是“過去 的過去”。 表示過去某一時間可用by, be

7、fore 等構(gòu)成的短語來表示。 也可以用when, before 等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句來表示。 還可以通過狀語從句或通過上下文暗示。主語had nothadnt+ p.p.+其它.Had+主語p.p.+其它?主語had + p.p.+其它.強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一個動作發(fā)生在另一個動作前常常用過去完成時態(tài)。過去完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)過去完成時的用法過去完成時的否定形式過去完成時的疑問形式過去完成時的判斷依據(jù): 由“過去的過去”來判定。 過去完成時表示“過去的過去”，先發(fā)生的動作用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的動作用一般過去時。 例：When I got to the station, the train had alread

8、y left. 當(dāng)我到車站時，火車已經(jīng)離開了。After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.完成作業(yè)后他就去睡覺了。 first first構(gòu)成：助動詞had + 動詞的過去分詞用法：1. 過去完成時動詞表示過去某一時間或某一動作之前完成的動作或狀態(tài)。強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一動作發(fā)生在另一動作之前時。1.他說他以前見過你。He said that he _ (see) you before.had seen2. 到六點(diǎn)鐘為止他們已經(jīng)工作八小時了。By six oclock they _(work) for eight hours.had worked

9、2. 過去完成時詞可以表示過去某一時刻之前發(fā)生的動作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)，這一動作一直持續(xù) 或?qū)⒗^續(xù)下去。By six oclock they _ (work)for eight hours. When I came to GZ , he _(be) there for a long time.用法：1. 到了六點(diǎn)鐘為止，他們已經(jīng)工作了八小時了。2. 我到廣州時，他在那里很長時間了。had workedhad been3.到上個月中旬我們在北京住了有五年時間了。By the middle of last month we _(live) in Beijing for five years.had li

10、ved1. 到昨晚上，他已寫完那封信。By yesterday evening he _ (write) that letter.2. 他說他以前見過你。He said that he _(see) you before.3. 當(dāng)我進(jìn)來時，他已做完了作業(yè)。When I came in he _(finish) his homework.過去完成時與 by then(截止到那時); by 9 oclock(直到九點(diǎn)鐘) by the end of (在結(jié)束/末之前); by the time(在時之前); up till then (直到那時); up until last night(直到昨晚

11、）等連用，表示過去的過去。had writtenhad seenhad finished3. 過去完成時和 already, just, ever, yet 等連用表示過去的過去。用法：例如：1. 他告訴我說他們隊(duì)已經(jīng)贏了。He told me that his team _ already _ (win).hadwon2. 她說她仍沒去過長城。She said that she _(not go to) the Great Wall yet.hadnt been to用法：過去完成時與when, before, as soon as, till/ until 等引導(dǎo)時間狀語的從句連用，強(qiáng)調(diào)動

12、作發(fā)生的時間前后。例如：1. 她到家之前她的孩子已經(jīng)睡著了。When she got home her children _(sleep).had slept2. 在他們到達(dá)之前電影已經(jīng)開始了。Before they arrived here the film _ already _ (start).hadstartedLast night, as soon as I _(finish) my work I went to sleep.3. 我完成作業(yè)了就去睡覺了。had finished1.一般過去時表示在過去某時發(fā)生的動作或 存在的狀態(tài)。 例：We started to learn Eng

13、lish 5 years ago. 我們五年前開始學(xué)英語。對比一般過去時、現(xiàn)在完成時與過去完成時5 years ago now2. 現(xiàn)在完成時表示的動作發(fā)生在過去，但側(cè)重 對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或造成的影響，與現(xiàn)在有 關(guān)。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：“助動詞 have（has）+過去 分詞” 。例：We have learned English for 5 years. 我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了五年的英語了。5 years ago have learnednow3. 過去完成時表示在過去某個時間或動作之前 已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，即 “過去的過去（ past-in-the-past ）”。 例：We had lear

14、ned English 4 year by last year. 到去年為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)英語四年了。 past in the pastpast now1. We _ ( learn ) 2000 English words since we came to this school. The teacher said we _ ( learn ) 2000 English words since then. We _ ( learn ) 500 words last term. We _ ( learn ) 2000 words by the end of last term.have lear

15、nedhad learnedlearnedhad learned2. He _ ( have ) a meeting next week. He _ ( have ) a meeting two weeks ago. He told me he _ ( have ) a meeting two weeks before.3. _ you _ ( be ) to the Great Wall? The teacher asked if you _ ( be ) to the Great Wall?hadhad hadHave beenhad beenwill have_1.Tim went in

16、to the bathroom. Mary got up.By the time Mary got up，Tim had already gone into the bathroom. 4aMake sentences using by the time or before. 2. The coffee became cold. I put cream in the coffee.Before the coffee become cold, I had put cream in the it._3.The teacher collected the math homework. I got t

17、o school._By the time I got to school, the teacher had collected the math homework.4.I completed the work for my boss. The workday ended.Before the workday ended, I had completed the work for my boss._5.The movie started. I arrived at the cinema._By the time I arrived, the movie had started.6.My mot

18、her finished making the apple pie. I got home from my language course.By the time I got home, my mother had finished making the apple pie._rush out forget arrive at go into show up find out1.By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else _ already_.2.When he put the noodles into a bowl, he realiz

19、ed he _to add the green beans.had showed uphad forgotten4bFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box. 3.By the time my mother came back from the market, I _already _the door to go for my piano lesson.4.Before she got to the airport, she _ _about the earthquake.5.When she _the movie theatre, she remembered she had forgotten to feed her dog.6.Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he_the building.had rushed out had found outarrived athad gone into4cWrite two true statements and one false statement about your day yesterday. Then ask your clas