動詞分類以及動詞短語

1、關于動詞分類及動詞短語第一張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月考點直擊1助動詞 協(xié)助主要動詞構成謂語動詞的詞叫助動詞。助動詞是語法功能詞，自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用。1幫助構成疑問句或否定句句式的助動詞有do, does, did 及 其否定形式。如： Did you go home last week? 上周你回家了嗎？2幫助構成時態(tài)的助動詞有be, have, shall, will等。如： We are playing an interesting game. 我們正在玩一個有趣的游戲。第二張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2系動詞 系動詞亦稱連系動詞。系動詞本身有詞義，但

2、不能單獨用作謂語，后邊必須跟表語，構成系表結構。具體分類及用法如下：1狀態(tài)系動詞： 只有be動詞。如： They are always very happy. 他們總是很高興。2持續(xù)系動詞： 表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主 要有keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand。如： I hope youll keep fit. 我希望你會一直保持健康。第三張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3表象系動詞： 表示“看起來好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。如： My mother seems very satisfied with my pr

3、ogress. 媽媽對我的進步似乎很滿意。4感官系動詞： 表示“起來”，主要有feel(摸起來，感覺), smell(聞起來), sound(聽起來), taste(嘗起來，吃起來)等。 如： The dish smells delicious. 菜聞起來很香。第四張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5變化系動詞： 表示主語變成什么樣，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run等。如： The small town is becoming busier and busier. 小鎮(zhèn)變得越來越忙碌。6終止系動詞： 主要有prove, tu

4、rn out(結果是，證明是)等。 如： My plan turned out a success. 我的計劃成功了。 提醒有些系動詞也是實義動詞，可單獨作謂語。如： He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。 第五張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3情態(tài)動詞 情態(tài)動詞表示說話人的語氣、情態(tài)，無人稱和數(shù)的變化。情態(tài)動詞有自己的詞匯意思，但不能獨立作謂語，其后須跟動詞原形。使用頻率較高的情態(tài)動詞有can(could), may(might), must, need, shall(should), will(would)及半情態(tài)動詞have to, had better。第

5、六張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1can和could (1)can(could)表示說話人能、可以、同意、準許，以及客 觀條件允許做某事。could為can的過去式。表示請求 時，could比can更委婉。如： Could I borrow your pen? 我可以借你的鋼筆嗎？ (2)can 意為“能、會”時，相當于be able to (適用于各種時 態(tài))，can只有現(xiàn)在時和過去時兩種時態(tài)變化。如： A few months later, Ill be able to swim alone. 幾個月后，我將能單獨游泳。 (3)cant表示否定推測。如： That cant b

6、e Mr Wang. He has gone to Beijing. 那肯定不是王老師。他已經去北京了。第七張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2may和might may和might意為“可以”，表示說話人同意、許可或請 求對方許可。 may也可表示祝愿。might 是may 的過 去式，表示可能性更小、語氣更加委婉。如： May I take some photos here? 我可以在這兒拍照嗎？ May you be happy.祝你開心。第八張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3must和have to (1)must 意為“必須，應該，一定，準是”，表示說話人認為 有必

7、要做某事，或命令、要求別人做某事以及對事物的肯 定推測。如： He must be working in his office. 他一定在辦公室工作。 (2)must 和 have to 的區(qū)別： must 表示說話人的主觀意 愿；have to 表示客觀需要。如： I must do my homework first. 我必須首先做家庭作業(yè)。 It is raining hard outside. I have to stay at home. 外面雨下得很大。我不得不待在家里。第九張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4need的用法 need 表示“需要，必須”。它主要用于否定句和

8、疑問句中， 否定形式為neednt，表示“沒有必要，不必”；回答need引 導的問句時，肯定回答用“must”，否定回答用 “neednt”。 此外need還可以作實義動詞使用。如： Need we do some cleaning now? No, you neednt. “我們必須現(xiàn)在大掃除嗎？”“不，你們不必?！?I need to see the doctor now. 我現(xiàn)在需要看醫(yī)生。第十張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5shall 和will shall用于第一人稱的句子表示提建議或請求；will用于第二 人稱疑問句表示征求意見或提建議。如： Shall we go o

9、ut for a walk? 我們出去散步好嗎？ Will you go shopping with us? 你會和我們一起去購物嗎？ 第十一張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月6should和would should用于各種人稱的句子中，強調義務或責任；would是 will的過去式，其后跟動詞原形構成過去將來時，可用于多 種人稱，表示意愿。如： You should study harder. 你應該更加努力學習。 He said he would visit the Great Wall the next year. 他說他第三年將游覽長城。7had better had bett

10、er意為“最好”，沒有人稱的變化，后接不帶to的不 定式。如： You had better exercise more. 你最好多鍛煉。第十二張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4動詞短語 動詞與介詞、副詞等構成的固定短語叫動詞短語。動詞短語主要有四類：1動詞副詞： 常見的有give up, think over, take off, write down, put off等。這些詞組的賓語是名詞時，既可放在副 詞前邊，又可放在副詞后邊；賓語是人稱代詞或反身代詞 時，則要放在動詞和副詞中間。如： They have decided to put off the meeting. The

11、y have decided to put the meeting off. 他們已經決定推遲會議了。 Smoking is bad for your health. You must give it up. 吸煙對你的健康有害。你必須戒掉它。第十三張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2動詞介詞： 常見的有ask for, care about, look for, look after, send for, laugh at, hear of (from)等。如： We shouldnt laugh at others. 我們不應該嘲笑別人。3動詞副詞介詞： 常見的有l(wèi)ook down

12、 upon, get on with, catch up with等。如： If you study hard, youll catch up with your classmates. 如果你努力學習， 你將能趕上你的同班同學。4動詞名詞介詞： 常見的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。如： Please pay more attention to details. 請多注意細節(jié)。第十四張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月考點過關 基礎過關 ()1. The cloth _very soft and c

13、omfortable. A. smells B. tastes C. feels D. sounds()2. Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what_ nice. A. feels B. smells C. looks D. tastesC C第十五張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()3. Dick，_ I use your e-dictionary? Yes, please._ you give it to Mike after you use it? A. will; Would B. m

14、ay; Might C. can; Could D. shall; Should()4. I think her dress comes from the 1970s. It _ be from that time. It looks so modern on her. A. mustnt Bcant C. wont DwouldntC B 第十六張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()5. Must I do my homework now, Mum? _. You can do it tomorrow. A. No, you neednt B. No, you mustnt C. Y

15、es, you need D. Yes, you must()6. Rock music may _ nice to young people, but most old people cant stand it. A. hear B. sound C. look D. listenA B 解析根據(jù)上句“媽媽，我現(xiàn)在必須做作業(yè)嗎？”及答句“_你可以明天做。”推斷是否定答句，排除C、D項； must的否定回答有三種：dont have to, neednt和mustnt。neednt和dont have to均意為“不必”；mustnt意為“千萬不能；禁止”。故選A。第十七張，PPT共四十六頁，

16、創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()7. Dont forget to take your bag when you _ the bus. A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. put off()8. Her sister_ a taxi driver. Now she works for a charity. A. is used to be B. were used to being C. is used to being Dused to beA D 解析 get off意為“下(車)”； take off意為“脫下”；turn off意為“關上”；put of

17、f意為“推遲”。句意：當你下車時不要忘記帶上你的包。故選A。第十八張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()9. What do you think of my shirt? It _ cotton. It looks nice on you. A. is made in B. is made for C. is made of D. is made by()10. Allen, your bedroom is in a mess. Sorry, Mum. Ill _my things at once. A. put on B. put away C. put out D. put upC

18、 B解析 put on意為“穿上”；put away意為“收起來”；put out意為“熄滅”；put up意為“張貼，搭建”。 第十九張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月中考透視 ()1. 2013宿遷 Were you sick after six hours journey on the coach? Of course. I _ quickly as soon as it stopped. A. got up B. got on C. got off D. got to()2. 2013徐州 If you _ your name on the paper, you can get

19、 a magazine. A. cut down B. look down C. turn down D. write downC D 第二十張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()3. 2013徐州 Can I borrow your ruler，please? Yes, you_. But you must return it to me before lunchtime. A. have B. can C. must D. used to()4. 2013宿遷 The cake_ delicious. I cant wait to eat it. A. feels B. sound

20、s C. becomes D. smells()5. 2013菏澤 Can we run across the road now? No, we_. We have to wait until the light turns green. A. neednt B. mustnt Ccouldnt D. shouldntBDB第二十一張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()6. 2013麗水 How many English words do you think I should know? As many as you _. Then you will find reading quit

21、e easy. A. will B. must C. can Dmight()7. 2013泰安 May I smoke here? No, you_. This is a no-smoking room. A. neednt B. mustnt C. couldnt D. wouldnt CB第二十二張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()8. 2013青島 There arent many tickets left for the concert, youd better_ that you get one today. A. make sure of B. make a decis

22、ion C. make sure D. make plansC解析 make sure of意為“確定，確?！?，后面一般跟名詞或者動名詞詞組； make sure意為“確保，務必”，可以跟從句； make a decision意為“做決定”； make plans意為“做計劃”。句意：這場音樂會剩下的票不多了，你最好確保今天能訂到一張票。所以選C。 第二十三張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()1. The food here smells good, but what does it _ like? Ataste Btouch Cseem Dfeel()2. Mum, when ca

23、n I go out to play football? Finish your homework first, or I _let you go out. Adont Bdidnt Cwont DhaventA 語法專練 C 第二十四張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()3. The sense of happiness will increase if you _ what you like to do. Ado Bdid Cwill do Dshould do()4. Spring is a beautiful season when all trees _ green. Atu

24、rn Bsound Cfeel DbecomeAA解析 if 意為“如果”，引導條件狀語從句，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，即主句為將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。因此選A。 第二十五張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()5. Its cold outside. Why not _ your coat? Aput on Btake off Clook for D. put off ()6. The young man broke his arm in the accident and had to _ his job. Agive up Bput up Ccut up D. pick up()7.

25、What do you think about Hans? He is very difficult to _ with, but certainly he has a warm heart under cool appearance (外表) Aget on Bget in Cget off D. get outAA A 第二十六張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()8. 2013濟南 Could I_ your iPad, Alice? Of course. Here you are. Alend Bkeep Cborrow Dreturn()9. Could you please

26、 help me _ the TV? I want to watch the CCTV News. Aturn down Bturn on Cturn off Dturn up()10. What are you going to do during your vacation? Im not sure.I have no time to _ it at the moment. Aworry about Bthink about Cget over Dcome overC B B 第二十七張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()11. This book _educating teena

27、gers. Would you like to buy it? Yes, Ill take it. Aaims at Btakes place Cgives out Dsets up()12. Please _ these books, Jodie. I want to use the desk to do my homework. Atake away Bgive away Cgo away Dkeep awayA A 第二十八張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()13. Im not sure how to pronounce this word. Youd better _ it

28、s right pronunciation in the dictionary. Alook after Blook down Clook up Dlook out()14. Bill doesnt like the sunglasses in the ad because they cant _ the sun well. Atake out Bkeep out Cclean out Dlook outCB 第二十九張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()15. He _ some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris

29、. Amade out Bpicked up Cgave up Dtook in()16. Four dollars a pair? I think its a bit too much. If you buy three pairs, the price for each will _ to three fifty. Acome down Btake down Cturn over Dgo overBA第三十張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()17. The sweater is very nice. Ill take it. But youd better _ first. I

30、think it is a little large for you. Apay for it Bput it on Cput it off Dtry it on()18. Jack has never visited the Forbidden City, but he has _ it. Astood for Bbelonged to Cheard about Dkept toD 解析 pay for意為“付款”； put on意為“穿上”； put off意為“推遲”； try on意為“試穿”。由答語“我認為你穿有點大?！笨芍獞xD。C 第三十一張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6

31、月()19. 2013臺州 Would you mind _ the music a little? Dont you think its too loud? Sorry! Ill do it in a minute. Aturning on Bturning off Cturning up Dturning down()20. Im not sure whether I can hold a party in the open air, because it _ the weather. Astands for Bdepends on Clives on Dagrees withDB第三十二

32、張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()21. _， you guys! You dont want to miss the train, do you? ALook up BGive up CHurry up DGrow up()22. Its said that aliens tried to warn the astronauts on the moon to _ . Maybe they didnt like human beings to get close to them. Astay up Bstay out Cstay away Dstay behindC C 解析 lo

33、ok up意為“查詢”；give up意為“放棄”；hurry up意為“快點”；grow up意為“長大”。由后半句“你們不想錯過火車?！笨芍亲屗麄兛禳c。 第三十三張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()23. Mary heard somebody call her, so she turned _ to see who it was. Aoff Bout Cup Daround()24. Han Han is a popular writer. His new book will _ this September. Acome up Bcome in Ccome out Dcom

34、e on()25. 2013瀘州 Can you help me to _ my dog when I leave for Hong Kong? Alook after Blook for Clook at Dlook throughD CA第三十四張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()26. All the oil in the world will _ some day. Yeah. What shall we use for power at that time? Agiven away Bput away Crun out Dset out()27. 2013黃石 Many s

35、tudents in our school _ the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses. Aworry about Bcare for Cagree with Dtake careC B第三十五張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()28. Could I _ your digital camera again? No problem. But I think youd better go to the store to buy _ since you often go traveling. Alend; o

36、ne Blend; it Cborrow; one Dborrow; it ()29. Will the hotel _ free breakfast _ the guests? Aprovide; with Bprovide; to Coffer; with Doffer; to C D 第三十六張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()30. How is peoples life in the earthquake areas? They are living a much better life than we _. Asuggested Bexpected Cnoticed Ds

37、upported()31. Sorry! I have to go back at once because I have _ my homework in my bedroom. Aforgotten Bfetched Cleft Dtaken()32. Taiwan is part of China. We _ the same history and culture. Aexplain Bexpress Cconnect DshareBCD第三十七張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()33. 2013聊城 If you want to buy this dress, youd b

38、etter _ first to make sure it fits you. Apay for it Btake it off Ctidy it up Dtry it on()34. My uncle _ be tired. He has been running for a long time. But my aunt _ be tired. She has just begun to run. Amay not; must Bmust; cant Ccant; must Dmust; may notD B解析 must表推測時，語氣最強烈，意為“肯定、一定”；cant表示否定的推測，意為

39、“一定不(是)”。 第三十八張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()35. _ you sing English songs when you were 5 years old? ACan BNeed CCould DMay()36. His brother _ play computer games because it doesnt work. Amay not Bcant Cmustnt Dneednt()37. 2013黃岡 How heavily it is raining! What a pity! We have to _ our sports meeting. Aput

40、off Bput out Cput on Dput upCBA第三十九張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()38. _ I take some photos here? No, you _ AMay; mustnt BMust; mustnt CMay; neednt DCould; wont()39. I _ stop playing computer games because of my poor eyesight. Amust Bcant Chave to DmustntAC解析用may提問時，否定回答用mustnt。 第四十張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()40. 2013呼和浩特 When you visit a museum you should _ the instructions and dont be against them. Acompare with Blook forward