國內(nèi)外土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量ppt課件

1、國內(nèi)外土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范概要四川省環(huán)境維護(hù)科學(xué)研討院傅堯信2021,4,10 1.國外土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系 2.國內(nèi)土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范概要 3.土壤修復(fù)相關(guān)規(guī)范 國外土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系目 錄國外土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范概略美國土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系荷蘭土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系加拿大土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范澳大利亞土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范其它國家土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范國外土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范概略維護(hù)對象的多樣性暴露方式的多樣性規(guī)范的多樣性維護(hù)對象的多樣性人體安康生態(tài)系統(tǒng) 植物 農(nóng)作物 其它植物 野生動(dòng)物 哺乳類動(dòng)物 鳥類 無脊椎動(dòng)物 生物過程地下水暴露方式的多樣性皮膚接觸直接攝入間接攝入呼吸吸入地下水飲用規(guī)范的多樣性通用規(guī)范按土地用途分

2、類規(guī)范按暴露方式分類規(guī)范土地修復(fù)污染物去除 規(guī)范值設(shè)定表示圖 concentrationScreening Risk AssessmentNegligible riskWarning riskUnacceptableriskLong term objectivese.g. Target valuesFurther investigatione.g. Trigger valueNeed of remediatione.g. intervention values歐洲國家規(guī)范設(shè)定級別countries可忽略風(fēng)險(xiǎn)警示風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 不可接受風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Screening RA Screening RA Screeni

3、ng RASite-specific RAATTrigger ValuesIntervent. valuesNLTarget valueIntervent. valuesITLimit valueBE-FLbackgroundFurther invensti.Cleanup stan.BE-wReferen.valuetrigger valueIntervent. valuesCZLong term ob.Further invenstiremediationDKSoil quality crit.Cut-off valuesDETrigger valuesAction levels金屬的可忽

4、略風(fēng)險(xiǎn)濃度(mg/kg)比利時(shí)wa 捷克 荷蘭斯洛伐克As 12 30 29 29Ba 600 160 500Be 5 0.04 3Cd 0.2 0.5 0.80 0.8Cr 34 130 100 130Cr() 2.5Hg 0.05 0.4 0.3 0.3Pb 25 80 85 85Ni 24 60 35 35有機(jī)物的可忽略風(fēng)險(xiǎn)濃度(mg/kg)比利時(shí)wa 捷克 荷蘭斯洛伐克苯 0.1 0.03 0.01乙苯 0.1 0.04 0.0021甲苯 0.1 0.03 0.0007二甲苯 0.2 0.03 0.0007萘 0.05 0.01蒽 0.1 0.1苯并芘 0.01 0.1 0.1三氯乙烯

5、 0.1 0.01PCB 0.02 0.02金屬的警示值(mg/kg)奧地利比利時(shí)wa 捷克 德國斯洛伐克 瑞典 As 20 40 65 50 30 15 Be 15 20 Cd 2 3 10 20 5 1 Cr 50 125 450 400 250 250 Cr() 4.2 15 Hg 2 9 2.5 20 2 5 Pb 100 195 250 400 150 300 Ni 70 150 180 140 100 150 Zn 230 1500 500 700金屬的行動(dòng)干涉值(mg/kg)奧地利比利時(shí)wa捷克荷蘭斯洛伐克 As 50 300 70 5550 Ba 1000 6252000 Be

6、 20 3030 Cd10 30 20 1220 Cr250 520 500 380800 Hg10 56 10 1010 Pb500 700 300 530600 Ni140 300 250 210500 Zn 710 2500 7203000美國土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系 1.美國國家土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系的組成: 通用土壤挑選值(Generic SSLs) 生態(tài)土壤挑選值(Eco-SSLs) 人體安康土壤挑選值 土壤放射性核素挑選值 2.美國區(qū)系(region)土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系 3.美國各州的土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系美國土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系的特點(diǎn)科學(xué)性系統(tǒng)性完好性互補(bǔ)性通用土壤挑選值(Gener

7、ic SSLs)generic SSLs for 110 chemicals. Generic SSLs The generic SSLs are not necessarily protective of all known human exposure pathways,reasonable land uses, or ecological threats. Generic SSLs are presented separately for major pathways of concern in both surface and subsurface soils.通用土壤挑選值Gener

8、ic SSLs(Inorganics)CAS No. Compound Ingestion (mg/kg) InhalationFugitive particulate (mg/kg) Migration to ground water 20 DAF 1 DAF (mg/kg) ( mg/kg)7440-36-0Antimony Sb31-50.37440-38-2Arsenic As0.47502917440-39-3Barium Ba55006.9E051600827440-41-7BerylliumBe0.113006337440-43-9Cadmium Cd78180080.47440

9、-47-3Chromium (total)39027038216065-83-1Chromium (III)78000-18540-29-9Chromium (VI)39027038257-12-5Cyanide1600-4027439-92-1Lead Pb400-7440-02-0Nickel Ni16001300013077782-49-2Selenium390-50.37440-22-4Silver Ag390-3427440-28-0Thallium-0.70.047440-62-2Vanadium550-60003007440-66-6Zinc Zn23000-12000620通用

10、土壤挑選值Generic SSLs(organics)CAS No. Compound Ingestion (mg/kg) Inhalation volatiles (mg/kg) Migration to ground water 20 DAF 1 DAF (mg/kg) ( mg/kg)67-64-1acetone78001.0E 05160.8309-00-2aldrin0.0430.50.0271-43-2benzene220.80.030.00265-85-0Benzoic acid3.1E 05-4002075-25-2bromoform81530.80.0471-36-3buta

11、nol780010000170.967-66-3chloroform1000.30.60.0372-54-8DDD3-160.872-55-9DDE2-54350-29-3DDT2-3221336-36-3PCBs1-108-95-2Phenol47000-1005 生態(tài)土壤挑選值(Eco-SSLs) mg/kg土壤干重 序號金屬和有機(jī)污染物植物土壤無脊椎動(dòng)物野生動(dòng)物鳥類哺乳動(dòng)物1鎘 Cd321400.770.362鉻 Cr-Cr-26Cr-無Cr-34Cr-1303鈷 Co13-1202304銅 Cu708028495鉛 Pb120170011566錳 Mn220450430040007鎳

12、Ni382802101308硒 Se0.524.11.20.639銀 Ag560-4.21410釩 V-7.8280續(xù)上表11鋅 Zn160120467912銻 Sb-78-0.2713砷 As18-434614鋇 Ba-330-200015鉍 Be-40-2116DDT(包括代謝物)-0.0930.02117狄氏劑-0.0220.004918PAH低分子量-29-100高分子量-18-1.119五氯苯酚5.0312.12.8人體安康土壤挑選值 居住區(qū)土壤挑選值mg/kg 污染物攝入-皮膚接觸揮發(fā)物吸入地下水DAF=20DAF=1艾氏劑0.0430.50.02DDT2-322狄氏劑0.0410

13、.0040.0002銻 Sb31-50.3砷 As0.4-291鋇 Ba5500-160082鉍 Be160-633鎘 Cd70-80.4鉻（總量）230-382鉻Cr-120000-鉻Cr-230-382汞 Hg1600-20.1鎳 Ni23101307硒 Se1600-50.3銀 Ag390-342鉈 TI390-0.70.04釩 V6-6000300鋅 Zn550-12000620 商業(yè)區(qū)/工業(yè)區(qū)土壤挑選值以室外作業(yè)人員為受體mg/kg 污染物攝入-皮膚接觸揮發(fā)物吸入地 下 水DAF=20DAF=1艾氏劑0.260.50.02DDT8-322狄氏劑0.220.0040.0002銻 Sb4

14、50-50.3砷 As2-291鋇 Ba79000-160082鉍 Be2300-633鎘 Cd900-80.4鉻（總量）3400-382鉻Cr-1000000-鉻Cr-3400-382汞 Hg3401420.1鎳 Ni23000-1307硒 Se5700-50.3銀 Ag5700-342鉈 TI91-0.70.04釩 V7900-6000300鋅 Zn340000-12000620商業(yè)區(qū)/工業(yè)區(qū)土壤挑選值以室內(nèi)作業(yè)人員為受體mg/kg 污染物攝入-皮膚接觸地 下 水DAF=20DAF=1艾氏劑0.30.50.02DDT17322狄氏劑0.40.0040.0002銻 Sb82050.3砷 As

15、4291鋇 Ba140000160082鉍 Be4100633鎘 Cd200080.4鉻（總量）6100382鉻Cr-1000000-鉻Cr-6100382汞 Hg61020.1鎳 Ni410001307硒 Se1000050.3銀 Ag10000342鉈 TI1600.70.04釩 V140006000300鋅 Zn61000012000620美國土壤挑選值的制定方法 通用土壤挑選值(Generic SSLs)制定方法 生態(tài)土壤挑選值(Eco-SSLs)制定方法 人體安康土壤挑選值制定方法確定土壤挑選值(SSLs)的普通步驟 Developing a conceptual site mode

16、l (CSM) Comparing the CSM to the SSL scenario Defining data collection needs Sampling and analyzing soils at site Calculating site-specific SSLs Comparing site soil contaminant concentrations to calculated SSLs Determining which areas of the site require further study.SSL Equations-Surface Soils Equ

17、ation 1: Screening Level Equation for Ingestion of Noncarcinogenic Contaminants in Residential SoilScreening Level(mg/kg) = THQBWAT365d 1/RfDo10-6 kg/mg EF EDIRParameter/Definition (units) DefaultTHQ/target hazard quotient (unitless) 1BW/body weight (kg) 15AT/averaging time (yr) 6RfDo/oral reference

18、 dose (mg/kg-d) chemical-specificEF/exposure frequency (d/yr) 350ED/exposure duration (yr) 6IR/soil ingestion rate (mg/d) 200Equation 2: Screening Level Equation forIngestion of Carcinogenic Contaminants in Residential SoilScreening Level (mg/kg)= TR AT365 dSFo10-6 kg/mg EFIF soil/adjParameter/Defin

19、ition (units) Default TR/target cancer risk (unitless) 10-6 AT/averaging time (yr) 70 SFo /oral slope factor (mg/kg-d)-1 chemical-specific EF/exposure frequency (d/yr) 350 IFsoil/adj /age-adjusted soil ingestion factor (mg-yr/kg-d) 114 確定生態(tài)土壤挑選值(Eco-SSLs)的步驟 The General Process for Establishing Eco-

20、SSLsStep 1: Literature SearchStep 2: Determine Acceptability of Study for Use in Deriving Eco-SSLStep 3: Extract, Evaluate and Score DataStep 4: Select Value影響土壤污染物生物獲取率的土壤參數(shù) Key Soil Parameters Affecting Contaminant Bioavailability in SoilsSoil pH.Cation and Anion Exchange Capacities.Clay Minerals

21、Clays, by definition, are soil particles less than 2 microns in sizeOrganic Matter (Organic Carbon) Content.植物對部分金屬的吸收率與土壤條件的關(guān)系(Al,Sb,Ba,Be,Cd,Co,Cu,Fe,Mn,Ni,Ag,Zn) 土壤pH 土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量 2 2 to 6 6 to 104pH 5.5 很高 高 中5.5pH 7 高 中 低7pH 8.5 中 低 很低植物對部分金屬的吸收率與土壤條件的關(guān)系(As,Cr,Se,V) 土壤pH 土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量 2 2 to 6 6 to 104pH

22、5.5 中 低 很低5.5pH 7 高 中 低7pH 8.5 很高 高 中部分有機(jī)物的可獲取率與土壤條件的關(guān)系(PCB,DDT,PAHs,TNT,狄氏劑) ( Kow-辛醇-水分配系數(shù))土壤pHKow 有機(jī)質(zhì)含量() 22 to 66 to 104pH 5.5Kow3.5 高 中 低Kow3.5 很高 高 中5.5pH 7Kow3.5 中 低 低Kow3.5 高 中 低7pH 8.5Kow3.5 低 低 低Kow3.5 中 低 低美國區(qū)系(region)土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系Region 9 Preliminary Remediation Goals (PRGs)Region 4 Ecologi

23、cal Screening ValuesRegion 6 Human Health Medium-Specific Screening LevelsRegion 3 Risk-Based Concentration (RBC) 美國各州的土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系Oregon Screening Level Values for Ecological Risk AssessmentCalifornia Human Health Screening Levels for SoilMassachusetts Human Exposure Categories: S-1, S-2 AND S-3Flori

24、da Soil Cleanup Target Levels(CTLs)Oregon生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)挑選值 污染物 植物無脊椎動(dòng)物 鳥類哺乳動(dòng)物鋁 Al 50 600 450 107銻 Sb 5 15砷 As 10 60 10 29鋇 Ba 500 3000 85 638鈹 Be 10 83鉍 Bi 20硼 B 0.5 20 120 3500溴 Br 10鎘 Cd 4 20 6 125續(xù)上表鈣 Ca鉻 Cr 1 0.4 4 340000鉻 Cr 410鈷 Co 20 1000 150銅 Cu 100 50 190 390鐵 Fe 10 200碘 I 4鑭 La 50鉛 Pb 50 500 16 40

25、00鋰 Li 2 10 1175鎂 Mg錳 Mn 500 100 4125 11000續(xù)上表汞 Hg 0.3 0.1 1.5 73鉬 Mo 2 200 15 14鎳 Ni 30 200 320 625鈮 Nb 9鉀 K硒 Se 1 70 2 25銀 Ag 2 50鈉 Na鍶 Sr 32875锝 Te 0.2碲 Th 2鉈 Tl 11續(xù)上表錫 Sn 50 2000鈦 Ti 1000鎢 W 400鈾 U 5 65 170釩 V 2 47 25鋅 Zn 50 200 60 20000鋯 Zr 97荷蘭土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系RIVM National institute of public health

26、 and Environment 荷蘭公共衛(wèi)生與環(huán)境國家研討院的簡稱VROM Ministry of housing,spatial planning and the Environment荷蘭住房及規(guī)劃和環(huán)境部荷蘭土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系中的重要概念Target values 目的值 The target values indicate the level at which there is a sustainable soil quality. target values indicate the level that has to be achieved to fully recover t

27、he functional properties of the soil for humans and plant and animal life. Besides this the target values give an indication of the benchmark for environmental quality in the long term on the assumption of negligible risks to the ecosystem.Soil remediation intervention values 土壤修復(fù)干涉值 The soil remedi

28、ation intervention values indicate when the functional properties of the soil for humans, plant and animal life, is seriously impaired or threatened. They are representative of the level of contamination above which there is a serious case of soil contamination. Indicative levels for serious contami

29、nation 嚴(yán)重污染警示值 The RIVMs proposals for intervention values have not resulted in intervention values being set for a number of substances. The so-called indicative levels for serious contamination have been given for these substances. Indicative levels have been set for substances in the second, thir

30、d and fourth series. No indicative levels have been set for the first series of substances.Maximum permissible concentration (MPC)最大允許濃度: The sum of the maximum permissible addition (MPA) and the background concentration (Cb) MPCMPACbNegligible concentration (NC)可忽略濃度: The sum of the background conc

31、entration Cb and the negligible addition (NA),or, The NC is derived from the MPC by dividing it by 100 NCNACbNegligible addition(NA) 可忽略添加: NA is derived by dividing the MPA by 100 ecotoxicological serious risk concentration(SRCECO)嚴(yán)重生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)濃度 ecotoxicological serious risk addition (SRAECO)嚴(yán)重生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)添加RIVM

32、提出的九個(gè)微量元素的各項(xiàng)規(guī)范ElementSymbolCbmg.kg-1NAmg.kg-1NCmg.kg-1MPAmg.kg-1MPCmg.kg-1SRAECOmg.kg-1SRCECOmg.kg-1berylliumBe1.10.00431.10.431.51.93.0vanadiumv420.00032420.032422567Cobalt Co90.00239.00.239.21524seleniumSe0.70.0000580.700.00580.711.21.9molybdenumMo0.50.00760.510.761.3270270tinSn190.00068190.068192

33、50270antimonySb3-5154bariumBa1550.0821608.2160210360thalliumTi1.00.0011.00.101.11.02.0Target values and soil remediation intervention values and background concentrations for metals( VROM )Values for soil have been expressed as the concentration in a standard soil (10% organic matter and 25% clay).M

34、etals Soil (mg/kg dry matter)National backgroundconcentrationTarget valueIntervention valueSb3315As292955Ba160160625Cd0.80.812Cr100100380Co99240Cu3636190續(xù)上表Hg0.30.310Pb8585530Mo0.53200Ni3535210Zn140140720加拿大土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系 Canadian Soil Quality Guidelines 土壤質(zhì)量指點(diǎn)值 for four land use categories:Agricultural

35、 農(nóng)業(yè)用地: where the primary land use is growing crops or tending livestock. This also includes agricultural lands that provide habitat for resident and transitory wildlife and native flora.主要用于作物栽培和放養(yǎng)家畜,包括野生動(dòng)植物棲息地 Residential/Parkland 居住/公共用地: where the primary activity is residential or recreational a

36、ctivity; parkland is defined as a buffer between areas of residency, and also includes campground areas, but excludes wildlands such as national or provincial parks.居住和文娛活動(dòng)用地,居住區(qū)之間的緩沖區(qū) ,露營地,但不包括國家公園的荒地Commercial商業(yè)用地: where the primary activity is commercial (e.g.,shopping mall) and not residential o

37、r manufacturing. This does not include zones where food is grown.Industrial工業(yè)用地: where the primary activity involves the production, manufacture, or construction of goods.Two generic soil types coarse-textured soils (soils containing predominantly sand and gravel sizes)fine-textured soils (soils con

38、taining predominantly silt and clay sizes). The criterion distinguishing the two categories is a median grain size of 75 microns.Canadian Soil Quality Guidelines (mgkg-1). Substance Agricultural Residential/ parkland* Commercial Industrial Coarse Fine Coarse Fine Coarse Fine Coarse Fine Arsenic 12 1

39、2 12 12Barium 750 500 2000 2000Cadmium 1.4 10 22 22lead 70 140 260 600DDT 0.7 0.7 12 12nickel 50 50 50 50 Benzene Surface Subsoil 0.0300.00680.0300.00680.0300.00680.0300.00680.0300.00680.0300.00680.0300.00680.0300.0068澳大利亞土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范體系Soil Investigation level土壤調(diào)查值 Health Investigation level 土壤安康調(diào)查值 sub

40、stace xbackground expossuresamount of substance absorbed from soil BE (Sing Cing BingSinh Cinh Binh Sskin Cskin Bskin) BE: background expossures (eg. From food and water) Sing: amount of soil ingested Sskin : amount of soil on skinEcological Investigation level土壤生態(tài)調(diào)查值 proposed percentage of species

41、and processes for different land uses; land use standard %protection residential 80 urban parkland 80 rural parkland 80 commercial 60 industrial 60 agricultural 95Soil Investigation level(mg/kg)australia)substancesHealth investigation levels (HILs)Ecological investigation levels(EILs)Background rang

42、esABCDEFInterium urbanAs100400200500201-50Be208040100Cd20804010031Co1004002005001-40Pb300120060015006002-200Mn1500600030007500500850Ni60024006003000605-500DDTDDDDDE2008004001000PCBs10402050瑞典土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范generic guideline values按土地敏感程度,guideline values分為三類: 敏感土地(sensitive land use) 較不敏感土地地下水維護(hù)(less sensi

43、tive land use, groundwater protection) 較不敏感土地(less sensitive land use)按污染程度評價(jià)分類 Not very serious guideline values Moderately serious 1-3guideline values Serious 3-10guideline values Very serious 10guideline values 巴西圣保羅州土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范(1) quality reference value, indicating the quality level of a soil cons

44、idered as clean soil, generally associated with the natural concentration of the element of interest; (2) preventing value, above which harmful changes in the soil quality may occur; and (3) intervention value, above which potential risks to the human health exist, considering a generic exposure sce

45、nario. The model used by CETESB to obtain these values was based on that developed by the Netherlands National Institute of Public Health and Environment德國土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范中的特征 1.三級設(shè)定: Precaution levels 預(yù)防值 Trigger levels 啟動(dòng)值 Action levels 行動(dòng)值 2.污染途徑(Pathway): Soilhuman beings(direct contact)土壤人體直接接觸 Soil-pl

46、ants(transfer) 土壤-植物轉(zhuǎn)移 Soil-groundwater 土壤-地下水 3.土壤用途: Agriculture 農(nóng)業(yè) Gardening 園地 Green land 綠地 4.acceptable additional annual load of hazadous substances有害物質(zhì)可接受年負(fù)荷 cadmium 6 (g/ha*a) lead 400 chromium 300 copper 360國內(nèi)土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范1. 國家土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量規(guī)范 GB15618-1995 污染物10項(xiàng), 其中無機(jī)物8項(xiàng),2. 展覽會(huì)用地土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價(jià)規(guī)范(暫行) HJ350-2

47、007 污染物92項(xiàng),其中無機(jī)物14項(xiàng), 分級: A級: 目的值 B級: 修復(fù)行動(dòng)值3. 環(huán)保部 環(huán)發(fā)202139號文件 . 在土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價(jià)規(guī)范值中, 無機(jī)物12項(xiàng), 有機(jī)物4項(xiàng).4. 食用農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)地環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價(jià)規(guī)范 (HJ 332-2006) 其中土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價(jià)目的限值與國標(biāo)一致.溫室蔬菜產(chǎn)地環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價(jià)規(guī)范 (HJ 333-2006) 溫室土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價(jià)目的限值與國標(biāo)根本一致,略有調(diào)整.6. 擬開放場址土壤中剩余放射性可接受程度規(guī)定暫行(HJ 53-2000)7. 工業(yè)企業(yè)土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)基準(zhǔn) (HJ/T 251999) 有機(jī)物30項(xiàng).基準(zhǔn)嚴(yán)重偏高,如苯:1640mg/Kg,美

48、國.12mg/Kg 土壤修復(fù)相關(guān)規(guī)范待修復(fù)土壤判別規(guī)范修復(fù)土壤行為規(guī)范修復(fù)土壤驗(yàn)收規(guī)范待修復(fù)土壤判別規(guī)范國內(nèi)規(guī)范:展覽會(huì)用地土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價(jià)規(guī)范 修復(fù)行動(dòng)值國外規(guī)范: 荷蘭國家規(guī)范 Intervention values 干涉值 土壤污染、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及行動(dòng)程度關(guān)系表示圖參照值 啟動(dòng)值 干涉值 無須行動(dòng)土壤濃度風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 修復(fù)行動(dòng) 調(diào)查或修復(fù)未污染可視作未污染已污染待修復(fù)土壤判別規(guī)范比較污染物 國標(biāo)(三級) 展會(huì)標(biāo) 荷蘭 美國GssL(攝入) Cd 1.0 22 12 70 Pb 500 600 530 400 As 30 80 55 0.4 Hg 1.5 50 10 23 Zn 500 1500 720

49、23000 DDT 1.0 - - 2Benzene - 13 1.0 12修復(fù)土壤行為規(guī)范EPA:Green Cleanup Standard Initiative 1. Energy Use and Efficiency能源利用和效率 2. Water Use and Efficiency 水利用和效率 3. Air Quality 空氣質(zhì)量 4. Land and Ecosystems Enhancements土地和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)強(qiáng)化 5. Material Consumption and Waste Generation 資料耗費(fèi)和廢物生成 6. Long-Term Stewardship

50、長期管理ASTM E 1739, 石油污染去除行動(dòng)規(guī)范指南 Standard Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action Applied at Petroleum Release Sites.ASTM E 1689, 開發(fā)概念站點(diǎn)模型規(guī)范指南 Standard Guide for Developing Conceptual Site Models for Contaminated Sites.ASTM E 978, 評價(jià)化學(xué)物質(zhì)環(huán)境變化數(shù)學(xué)模型規(guī)范 Standard Practice for Evaluating Mathematical Models for the Environmental Fate of Chemicals.修復(fù)土壤驗(yàn)收規(guī)范Region 9 Preliminary Remediation Goals (PRGs)Florida Soil Cleanup Target Levels(CTLs)Region 3 Risk-Based Concentration (RBC)EPA Preliminary Remedia