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1、Linda 共五十九頁(yè)課程(kchng)目的掌握基本的使用英語(yǔ)(yn y)進(jìn)行外貿(mào)合同寫作的能力。本課程通過(guò)介紹各類主要經(jīng)貿(mào)合同寫作的語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)、漢英兩種語(yǔ)言的對(duì)比分析以及各種不同經(jīng)貿(mào)文體的翻譯方法,使學(xué)生掌握經(jīng)貿(mào)合同中詞語(yǔ)、長(zhǎng)句及各種經(jīng)貿(mào)文體的翻譯技巧和合同書寫方法,要求能夠使用恰當(dāng)、準(zhǔn)確的語(yǔ)句、文體格式及語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣草擬合同。 共五十九頁(yè)課程(kchng)要求 了解對(duì)外經(jīng)貿(mào)合同寫作的特點(diǎn)與技巧;掌握經(jīng)貿(mào)合同中英語(yǔ)(yn y)專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)、縮略語(yǔ)、慣用句型和表達(dá)方法;熟悉和掌握經(jīng)貿(mào)合同的文體、記法和句法特點(diǎn)和翻譯方法;掌握常見合同條款的主要內(nèi)容;能夠翻譯一般性合同條款,能夠草擬常見合同。共五十九頁(yè)參考
2、書目英文合同書制作方法與法理,巖崎一生(yshng),外文出版社,程愛(ài)學(xué),中國(guó)盲文出版社進(jìn)出口合同條款與案例分析,黎孝先,對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)出版社共五十九頁(yè)第一章 對(duì)外經(jīng)貿(mào)英語(yǔ)合同(h tong)寫作常識(shí)和法律規(guī)范共五十九頁(yè)第一節(jié) 對(duì)外經(jīng)貿(mào)英語(yǔ)合同寫作(xizu)的原則(principles)一、外貿(mào)合同(h tong)寫作原則1.特點(diǎn)1.1 The quantitity and amount is great1.2 The time for negotiation and execution is long共五十九頁(yè)1.3 The situations in differents countr
3、ies are not the same,as well as the laws and policies. In addition, economices and technology aspects involving are complicated.1.4 If the contracts are drafted improperly, disputes and the economic and political losses sustained arise easily and it is not easy to deal with these.共五十九頁(yè)2.外貿(mào)合同(h tong)
4、寫作原則(principles)2.1 合法性原則(legality)中華人民共和國(guó)合同法 (contract law of the Peoples Republic of China)同時(shí)中華人民共和國(guó)涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)(jngj)合同法,中華人民共和國(guó)技術(shù)合同法和中華人民共和國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)(jngj)合同法同時(shí)作廢共五十九頁(yè)It was adopted at the Second Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National Peoples congress, promulgated by Order No.15 of the preside
5、nt Jiang zheming of the Peoples Republic of China on March 15,1999, and effective as of October 1,1999. it consists of 13 chapter totally and 428 items.共五十九頁(yè)2.2 全面性原則(yunz)The contracts shall completely express the agreement that both parties come to during negotiation in case of omission or additio
6、n or cut without authorization.共五十九頁(yè)2.3 明確性原則(yunz)The words used in the contracts shall be correct, strict,clear, easy to be understood. We shall not use vague,ambiguous words.共五十九頁(yè)2.4 主動(dòng)性原則(yunz)On the condition of obeying the above principles, we shall also be active in order to leave room for yo
7、urself and precausion ahead of things and shall not leave any leak to another party in order not to give another party any chance and make yourself involve the passive situation.共五十九頁(yè)二、必要的知識(shí)(zh shi)技能1.to know the quality, characteristics, purposes, requirement, the content of discussing, and course
8、 of this transaction. Besides those, we shall read carefully the related correspondence, memorandum, agreement, and records etc. so that we can know things and situations as many as possible.共五十九頁(yè)2. to be familiar with the laws, regulations and rules about all contries concernedPossibly as well as W
9、TOs specification3. to have abundant knowledge about freign trade, and have higher ability on English writing and reading共五十九頁(yè)第二節(jié) 國(guó)際經(jīng)貿(mào)合同(h tong)的格式(the layout)涉外合同按繁簡(jiǎn)不同,可以(ky)采取不同書面形式,如正式合同(Contract)、協(xié)議書(Agreement)、確認(rèn)書(Confirmation)、備忘錄(Memorandum)、訂單(Order)等等 ,Fax,E-mail,Telex,Telegram, Letter, EDI
10、共五十九頁(yè)共五十九頁(yè)共五十九頁(yè)共五十九頁(yè)一、合同(h tong)名稱(Title)(一)商品(shngpn)買賣合同1.Sales Contract(Agreement, Note, Confirmation)售貨合同(協(xié)議,單,確認(rèn)書)2.Purchase Contract (Agreement, Note, Confirmation)購(gòu)貨合同(協(xié)議,單,確認(rèn)書)共五十九頁(yè)(二)經(jīng)銷(jngxio)合同1.Distributorship Contract(Agreement)經(jīng)銷合同(協(xié)議(xiy))2.Sole Distributorship Contract(Agreement獨(dú)家經(jīng)銷合
11、同(協(xié)議)或包銷3.Exclusive (sole) Sales Contract(Agreement ) 包銷合同(協(xié)議)共五十九頁(yè)(三)寄售(jshu)合同1.Consignment Contract 寄售合同(h tong)2. Consignment Agreement 寄售協(xié)議共五十九頁(yè)(四)代理(dil)合同1.Agency Contract( Agreement)代理合同(h tong)(協(xié)議)2.Sole Agency Contract( Agreement)獨(dú)家代理合同(協(xié)議)共五十九頁(yè)(五)加工、裝配(zhungpi)合同1.Contract(agreement) for
12、Processing來(lái)料加工合同(h tong)(協(xié)議)2. 1.Contract(agreement) for Assembling 來(lái)料裝配合同(協(xié)議)共五十九頁(yè)來(lái)料加工processing with supplied/incoming/buyers materials來(lái)樣生產(chǎn)(shngchn)assembling with supplied parts來(lái)件裝配Processing according to supplied samples共五十九頁(yè)(六)補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易(bchngmoy)1. Contract(agreement) on Compensation Trade 補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易合同(h
13、tong)(協(xié)議)共五十九頁(yè)(七)租賃(zln)合同1.Finance Lease Contract(Agreement)融資(rn z)租賃合同(協(xié)議)2. Contract(Agreement) of Operating Lease經(jīng)營(yíng)租賃合同(協(xié)議)共五十九頁(yè)(八)勞務(wù)(lo w)合同1.Service Contract(Agreement)勞務(wù)合同(協(xié)議)2. Contract(Agreement) of Employment聘雇合同(協(xié)議)3. Contract(Agreement) of Engagement employers雇傭(gyng)人員合同(協(xié)議)4. Contract
14、(Agreement) of Construction Project承包工程合同(協(xié)議)共五十九頁(yè)(九)技術(shù)合作(hzu)合同1.Technical (technological) Assistance Contract (Agreement)技術(shù)援助合同(協(xié)議)2.Technical collaboration/cooperation Contract (Agreement)技術(shù)合作合同(協(xié)議)3. Technical information Contract (Agreement)技術(shù)資料合同(協(xié)議)4.Exchange of Technical Information Contract
15、 (Agreement)技術(shù)資料交換(jiohun)合同(協(xié)議)5.Technical Transfer and Techical Assistance Contract (Agreement)技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓和技術(shù)援助合同(協(xié)議)6.Licensing Contract or License Contract 許可合同7.Patent Licensing Contract 專利許可合同8.Contract for Technology Transfer 技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓合同9. Contract (Agreement) for Technology Transfer and Importation of E
16、quipment and Materials技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓和設(shè)備材料進(jìn)口合同(協(xié)議)共五十九頁(yè)(十)合資(h z)合作經(jīng)營(yíng)合同1. Joint Venture Contract(Agreement)合資經(jīng)營(yíng)企業(yè)合同(h tong)(協(xié)議)2.Contract(Agreement) for Joint CooperationContractual Joint Venture Contract合作經(jīng)營(yíng)企業(yè)合同(協(xié)議)共五十九頁(yè)(十一(ShY))借貸合同1.Short-term(long-term) Credit Facility Contract (Agreement)短期(長(zhǎng)期)貸款合同(協(xié)議(xiy
17、))2. Contract (Agreement) for loan借款合同(協(xié)議)共五十九頁(yè)二、序文(xwn)前文(Preamble) (一)訂約日期(rq)(Date of signing)(二)訂約地點(diǎn)(Place of signing)(三)當(dāng)事人及其國(guó)籍、主營(yíng)業(yè)所或住所 (Signing parties and their nationalities, principal place of business or residence addresses )(四)當(dāng)事人合法依據(jù)(Each partys authority)或準(zhǔn)據(jù)法(Governing or Proper Law) 比如
18、,該公司是“按當(dāng)?shù)胤烧浇M織而存在的”(a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of XXX)(五)訂約緣由(Recitals) /鑒于條款( WHEREAS clause ) 共五十九頁(yè)Example:1.第一種繁式序文(xwn)This contract is made in Guangzhou this sventh day ofMay,2008by and between ABC co., A corporation organized and existing under thelaws of Germany
19、 and having its office at.(hereinafterreferred to as party A XYZ co., A Chinere-foreign equity joint venture estabishedin accordance with the law of Peoples republic of China onJoint Venture using CHinese and Foreign Investment(hereinafter referred to as party B)共五十九頁(yè)by and between要表示合約是由哪些當(dāng)事人所訂定,英文
20、中通常會(huì)說(shuō)“This Agreement is made by and between.”,用“by”來(lái)表示合約被誰(shuí)訂定,“between”來(lái)表示誰(shuí)與誰(shuí)之間的合意。如果當(dāng)事人不只兩個(gè),也可以用“by and among”來(lái)代替。organized and existing合約開場(chǎng)白里要說(shuō)明當(dāng)事人的國(guó)籍,在自然人的情況下可以用a national of .或an individual with the nationality of .來(lái)表示,如果是法人組織多半使用organized and existing under the laws of .這樣的字眼(zyn),其中organized也可以
21、用incorporated來(lái)代替。共五十九頁(yè) Whereas ABC co. possesses technology(patentsand know-how) for the design,manufacture and saleof Whereas XYZ co. wishes to use the above-mentioned patents and know-how of ABC co. todesign (Now,therefore) after friendly consultation; bothparties have reached agreement as follows
22、:共五十九頁(yè)Whereas“本義(bny)是“When in fact”、“considering that”、或“that being the case”的意思,所以“Whereas Clauses”就表示當(dāng)事人乃是在本于對(duì)這些事實(shí)(例如訂約的目的、背景來(lái)由等)的共同認(rèn)識(shí),訂立此合約。緊接在一串whereas clauses之后,會(huì)出現(xiàn)類似上例中的“Now Therefore, the parties hereto agree as follows:”這樣一句話,目的在提醒閱讀合約的人,真正規(guī)范訂約當(dāng)事人權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系的條款在這句話之后就要開始了,也就是說(shuō),這句話(一般稱為“operative
23、 part”)是序文與主文之間的橋梁,在此之前為訂約背景事實(shí)的敘述,在此之后則為關(guān)于交易關(guān)系的實(shí)體約定。 當(dāng)事人簽署一份合約之后,因?yàn)閷?duì)同一交易事件還有后續(xù)的約定未及于該合約記載清楚,于是再另外作成第二份合約,作為先前合約的補(bǔ)充條款(supplemental clauses)。在這種情況下訂立的第二份合約中,就會(huì)在Whereas Clauses 說(shuō)明其締約的來(lái)由與補(bǔ)充的性質(zhì)。 例如:WHEREAS, this Agreement is supplemental to an agreement dated 5 December 1989 between the parties to this A
24、greement (the Principal Agreement) under which the Purchaser agreed to buy certain assets of the Vendor for an aggregate sum of 3 million.本合約是為補(bǔ)充雙方當(dāng)事人前于公元一九八九年十二月五日業(yè)已締結(jié)之合約(以下稱主合約)所訂立,買方于主合約中同意向賣方購(gòu)買總價(jià)值三百萬(wàn)英鎊的資產(chǎn)。 共五十九頁(yè) 本合同由下述當(dāng)事人于2008年5月7日在廣簽訂。 ABC公司,根據(jù)德國(guó)法律設(shè)立,公司地址在(以下簡(jiǎn)稱甲方); XYZ公司,根據(jù)中華人民共和國(guó)中外合資經(jīng)營(yíng)企業(yè)法設(shè)立的中外
25、合資公司(以下簡(jiǎn)稱乙方) 鑒于ABC公司擁有設(shè)計(jì)、制造(zhzo)和銷售的技術(shù)(專利和專有技術(shù)); 鑒于XYZ公司希望使用ABC公司的上述專利和專有技術(shù)以設(shè)計(jì) (因此)經(jīng)過(guò)友好協(xié)商,雙方達(dá)成協(xié)議如下:共五十九頁(yè)2.第二種繁式序文(xwn) This contract; (is) make in Shanghai this seventh day of August 2008 by ABC Trading Co., a Chinese Corporation having itsregistered office at shanghai Peoples Republic of Chia(here
26、inafter Called “Seller”), and International Trading Co., Inc., a New YorkCorporation having its registered office at New York ,N.Y.,U.S.A(hereinafter Called “Buyer”), Whereas, Seller is engaged in the dealing of (products) anddesires to sell (products) to Buyer, and Whereas, Buyer desires to purchas
27、e (products) from sellersubject to the terms and conditions stated in this contract. Now, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and themutual corenants to be faithfully performed herein contained, thisis agreed as follows:共五十九頁(yè)registered officeregistered office是指一個(gè)公司的注冊(cè)所在地,它和principal office ,
28、即主營(yíng)業(yè)所并不一定位于同一個(gè)地方。舉例來(lái)說(shuō),現(xiàn)在臺(tái)灣很多本土企業(yè)基于稅務(wù)與方便性的考量,流行在海外幾個(gè)特定的地方,例如英屬維京群島(British Virgin Islands; 簡(jiǎn)稱BVI)成立所謂的紙上公司(paper company),此時(shí)這個(gè)公司必須在BVI當(dāng)?shù)卦O(shè)有一個(gè)registered office,但是公司的principal office則可能不在BVI,而位于臺(tái)灣本土,因?yàn)楣疽磺械臉I(yè)務(wù)(yw)經(jīng)營(yíng)實(shí)際上都在臺(tái)灣進(jìn)行。 共五十九頁(yè) 本合同與2008年8月7日在上海簽訂。 ABC貿(mào)易有限公司(n s)系中國(guó)公司(n s),公司(n s)地址在中華人們共和國(guó)上海(以下簡(jiǎn)稱“賣方”
29、); 國(guó)際貿(mào)易有限公司系美國(guó)紐約公司,公司地址在美國(guó)、紐約(以下簡(jiǎn)稱“買方”); 鑒于賣方經(jīng)營(yíng)(產(chǎn)品)擬按本合同條款出售該產(chǎn)品給買方。 鑒于買方愿意按本合同條款向賣方購(gòu)買該產(chǎn)品。 茲以上述事項(xiàng)及忠于履行本合同中的相互約定為約因,經(jīng)協(xié)議如下共五十九頁(yè)3.簡(jiǎn)式序文(沒(méi)有(mi yu)“鑒于條款)This Contract is entered into the 5th day of August, 2008 between ABC Trading Co., Ltd.,(hereinafter called “Seller”) who agrees to sell; and XYZ Trading
30、Co.,(.,(hereinafter called “Buyer”) who agrees to buy the following goods on the following terms and conditions:共五十九頁(yè)ABC 貿(mào)易有限公司(yu xin n s)(以下簡(jiǎn)稱賣方)與XYZ貿(mào)易有限公司(yu xin n s)(以下簡(jiǎn)稱買方)于2008年8月5日簽訂本合同。雙方同意按下列條款出售、購(gòu)買下列貨物:共五十九頁(yè)The undersigned Sellers and Buyers have agreed to close the following transation ac
31、cording to the terms and conditions stipulated below:茲經(jīng)買賣雙方同意成交下列(xili)商品,訂立條款如下:共五十九頁(yè)This Sales Contract is made by and between the Sellers and the Buyers whereby the Sellersagree to sell and the Buyers agree to buy theunder-mentioned goods according to the termsand conditions stipulated below:茲經(jīng)買賣
32、雙方同意,由賣方出售、買方購(gòu)入列貨物(huw),并按下列條款簽訂本合同.共五十九頁(yè)4.合同當(dāng)事人有三方(sn fn)時(shí)的簡(jiǎn)式序文This Contract made this first day of July 2008 in Istanbul by and among AA & Co.,Ltd., Istanbul,Turkey, (hereinafter referred to as AA), a corporationduly organized and existing under the law ofRepbublic of Turkey, and BB & Co.,Ltd.,Nag
33、oya,Japan, (hereinafter referred to as BB), a corporationduly organized and existing under the law of Japan,and CC & Co.,Ltd., a corporation duly organizedand existing under the law of Japan and having itsprincipal place of business at, Nagoya, Japan,(hereinafter referred to as CC) 共五十九頁(yè) 本合同于下列三方于20
34、08年7月1日在伊斯坦堡簽訂(qindng): AA有限公司(以下簡(jiǎn)稱AA): 按土耳其法律成立和存在。地址在土耳其,伊斯坦堡; BB有限公司(以下簡(jiǎn)稱BB): 按日本法律成立存在。地址在日本,名古屋; CC有限公司(以下簡(jiǎn)稱CC): 按日本法律成立和存在。地址在日本,名古屋;共五十九頁(yè)5. 確認(rèn)書有出口商制作(zhzu)的序文Sales Confirmation(Sales Note) We confirm having sold to you the goods described (we confirm your order of the following goods) on thet
35、erms and conditions as below: 售貨確認(rèn)書(售貨單) 茲確認(rèn)按下列條款售與你方(或接受(jishu)你方訂單訂購(gòu)下列貨物:共五十九頁(yè)Acknowledgement of OrderWe acknowledgement with thanks your order placed with us by you which we accept subject to the terms and conditions noted herewith:訂單(dn dn)確認(rèn)書你方訂單已收到,謝謝。茲確認(rèn)按下列條款接受你方訂單。共五十九頁(yè)6.確認(rèn)書有進(jìn)口商制作(zhzu)的序文Pu
36、rchase Confirmation(Purchase Note)We confirm the purchase from you of the following goods on the terms and conditions as below:購(gòu)貨確認(rèn)書(購(gòu)貨單)茲確認(rèn)我方按下列條款(tiokun)向你方購(gòu)買下列貨物。共五十九頁(yè)三、正文(zhngwn)(Body) (一)定義條款(Definition clause) 在合同前文之后使用定義(Definition)條款把合同中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的用語(yǔ)加以(jiy)界定意義并賦予簡(jiǎn)稱,既避免解釋上的分歧,又能使合同簡(jiǎn)潔:Article 1: De
37、finitions1.1 The Terms as used herein shall have the following meanings:1.1.1 The term “Products” means the products specified in Annex 2.1.1.2 The term “components” means any assembled or unassembled parts of the Products. 共五十九頁(yè)(二)基本條款(Basic conditions) 或具體條款(specific conditions)1.商品名稱(Name of comm
38、odity)2.品質(zhì)條款(Quality clause)3.數(shù)量條款(Quantity clause)4.包裝(bozhung)條款(Packing clause)5.檢驗(yàn)條款(Inspection clause)6.價(jià)格條款(Price clause)7.支付條款(Payment clause)8.交貨條款(Delivery clause)9.保險(xiǎn)條款(Insurance clause)共五十九頁(yè)(三)一般(ybn)條款(General conditions)1. 合同有效期條款(Duration clause)2. 合同的終止條款(Termination clause )3. 違約與解約條
39、款(Breach and Cancellation of contract clause)4. 索賠條款(Claim clause)5. 仲裁條款(Arbitration clause )6. 不可抗力條款(Force Majeure clause )7. 合同的讓與條款(Assignment clause )8. 適用的法律條款(Governing law clause )9. 合同修改條款(Amendment clause )10. 通知手續(xù)條款(Notice clause )11. 完整合同條款(Entire Agreement Clause)12. 正本條款(Original Text
40、 Clause)13. 訴訟(s sn)管轄條款(Jurisdiction clause )14. 其它(Others)共五十九頁(yè)四、結(jié)尾(jiwi)條款(WITNESS clause) 1. 結(jié)尾語(yǔ),包括份數(shù)、使用的文字和效力等(Concluding sentence)2. 簽名(Signature)3. 蓋印(Seal) 英文合約架構(gòu)中的最后(zuhu)一個(gè)部份就是結(jié)尾辭與當(dāng)事人的簽名。謂結(jié)尾辭指的是在當(dāng)事人簽名之前經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一段文字,除了表明簽名人確實(shí)有簽名的正當(dāng)權(quán)限外,還會(huì)載明簽名的日期。至于簽名欄的部份,如果當(dāng)事人是公司的話,除了要蓋公司印鑒以外,還要有代表人的簽名,并且通常會(huì)注明代表人的職稱(title)。共五十九頁(yè) In witness wh
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