時(shí)態(tài)解析現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)課件

1、時(shí) 態(tài) 解 析(現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài))一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時(shí)一.構(gòu)成:一般用動(dòng)詞的原形表示,主語(yǔ)為第三人稱時(shí),動(dòng)詞要發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化.二.用法1.描述經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或表示存在的狀態(tài).句中常帶有表頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):always, everyday, often, once a week, sometimes, seldom, usually, never等.例如He likes music very much.Nanjing is a beautiful city.She seldom goes to cinema.陳述客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理The sun rises in the east.The earth g

2、oes around the sun.Americans speak English.按規(guī)定計(jì)劃安排好要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,常用arrive, go, come, return, leave, start, begin, stop, end, close, sail, be,等動(dòng)詞例如:The train to Beijing leaves at 10:00 a.m.The plane from China leaves at 6.p.m.She comes back tonight.I leave for Yunnan next Monday.一般性的說(shuō)明文字,常用于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)解說(shuō),新聞標(biāo)題等,著重描述,

3、報(bào)道事實(shí).Chairman Hu Jingtao gets a warm welcome in Hongkong.The book says that women can live longer than men.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常用在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,表示將來(lái).常用的連詞有when, before, if, as soon as, till, until, unless等.Ill tell him the news when he comes back.If it rains tomorrow, well stay at home.Lets wait until he comes.現(xiàn) 在 進(jìn)

4、行 時(shí)一.構(gòu)成:am, is, are +doing二.用法:1.說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行We are having English lesson now.The students are listening carefully.當(dāng)前階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情(說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作不一定正在進(jìn)行)Mr Hu is teaching us physics.She is reading a novel these days.More and more people are giving up smoking.與頻度副詞連用,表示一種抱怨，批評(píng)或贊許，喜歡的語(yǔ)氣.常與Always, forever, all the

5、time等連用She is always speaking ill of others. (抱怨,厭惡)John is always thinking of others.(贊許)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,或最近安排或計(jì)劃要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,局限與少數(shù)表示瞬間動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞,如:go, come, leave, stay, arrive, dine, return, fly, start, begin, die, lose, do等.例如:Im dinning out with my friends this evening.The old man is dying.My uncle is coming ba

6、ck abroad.She is leaving tomorrow.注意:表感官動(dòng)作,心理狀態(tài),情感或存在狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞不能使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí).感官類:see, hear, smell, feel, look, seem等情感類:hate, love, like, want, wish等存在狀態(tài)類:exist, be, remain, stay等占有與從屬類:have, belong to, possess, consist等現(xiàn) 在 完 成 時(shí)一.構(gòu)成:have/ has +done二.用法:1.過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,常與already, yet等連用.例如:Nearly all the stude

7、nts have experienced some kind of grammar-based English teaching.I have lost my pen.(影響:現(xiàn)在無(wú)筆可用)I have had my lunch.(影響:我現(xiàn)在不餓)表示從過(guò)去某一個(gè)時(shí)間開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在及動(dòng)作的反復(fù)發(fā)生,常與once, so far, up to now, in the past few years, since, recently, for等一段時(shí)間連用.例如:Up to now, I have collected all the data that I need.She has lived

8、 here since 1990.He has studied English for 10 years.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用于下列句型:It is / has been +some time+ sinceIt is the + + thatThat / This / It is the onlyIt has been 5 years since that terrible accident happened to her.It is the third time that you have been late for morning assembly.This is the only party

9、that I have ever really enjoyed in my life.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)里， 短暫性動(dòng)詞不與一段時(shí)間連用.They _ here for more than a month.A. have arrived B. have reachedC. have come D. have beenD區(qū)別:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果.而一般過(guò)去時(shí) 只限于表示過(guò)去動(dòng)作本身,與結(jié)果無(wú)關(guān).例如:He has bought a house.He bought a house. He has been ill for a week. He

10、was ill for a week. 2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不可與表示特定過(guò)去時(shí)間的副詞連用，如Ago, then, yesterday,但一般過(guò)去時(shí)可以.例如: He has worked here last year. He worked here last year. FT3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不可與疑問(wèn)副詞when連用,而一般過(guò)去時(shí)可以.例如:When has he come? When did he come? FTiT 4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以同包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則不可以.It has been hot this summer.It was hot this summer.說(shuō)話時(shí)

11、仍在夏天說(shuō)明夏天已經(jīng)過(guò)去現(xiàn) 在 完 成 進(jìn) 行 時(shí)一.構(gòu)成: have/ has +been +doing二.用法:1.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可以用來(lái)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某時(shí)開始,一直延續(xù)到說(shuō)話時(shí)刻還在進(jìn)行.這一用法常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,如for two years, since early morning, these few days 等.例如:I have been translating this article for two hours.Hes been trying to work out the answer since early morning.有時(shí),用了表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ),但

12、由于上下文關(guān)系,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)也可以表示動(dòng)作到說(shuō)話時(shí)已經(jīng)停止,但對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響.例如:Im very tired. Ive been playing basketball since breakfast.He has been working too hard.重復(fù)的動(dòng)作表示感情色彩有時(shí)候,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)不是指某個(gè)動(dòng)作一直在不停地進(jìn)行,而是表示一直到說(shuō)話時(shí)為止的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一再重復(fù)的動(dòng)作,常帶有感情色彩.She has been saying that many times.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成表示動(dòng)作迄今為止的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)曾經(jīng)延續(xù)進(jìn)行或目前動(dòng)作

13、正在進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作持續(xù)進(jìn)行的情景I have watered the flowers. (已完成)I have been watering the flowers.(未完成,一直在澆)He has read this book. (已讀完)He has been reading this book.(未讀完)不以內(nèi)關(guān)于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞,知覺(jué)動(dòng)詞或情感動(dòng)詞(如know, love等)不可用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).I have known her for a long time.I have been knowing her for a long time.TFI ha

14、vent seen him these days.I havent been seeing him these days.許多時(shí)候，尤其是在口語(yǔ)話中，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可以互用TF2006高考試題鏈接1. The house belongs to my aunt but she _ here any more. A. hasnt lived B. didnt live C. hadnt lived D. doesnt live2. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads _ rising these days. A. was ke

15、eping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping3. I have to go to work by taxi because my car _ at the garage. A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 4. The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. A. is going B

16、. go C. goes D. are going5. -I dont suppose the police know who did it. - Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and _ now. A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned6. My friend, who _ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiri

17、ng next month. A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served7. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off8. I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _ on it for more than an hour. A. has be

18、en working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked9. Although the causes of cancer _, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it. A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering C. are uncovering D. have uncovered10. The building around the corner caught fire last night. T

19、he police are now _ the matter. A. seeing through B. working out C. looking into D. watching over2000-2005 高考試題1. (2000全國(guó)) The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though 2. (2001春季) The men will hav

20、e to wait all day _ the doctor works faster. A. if B. unless C. whether D. that3. (2001春季) Ive won a holiday for two to Florida. I _ my mum. A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken4. (2001春季) Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes. A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose5. (2002上海) He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _ from the university next year. A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. gra