限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別教案課件

1、限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別第1頁，共30頁。區(qū)別一：形式上不同限定性定語從句主句和從句之間不用逗號隔開，口語中使用時也不停頓；而非限定性定語從句與主句之間通常有逗號隔開，口語中使用時有停頓。 第1頁/共30頁第2頁，共30頁。區(qū)別二：功能不同（最重要的區(qū)別）限定性定語從句用于對先行詞的意義進行限制和識別，如果去掉，就會造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限定性定語從句用于對先行詞起補充說明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。People who take physical exercise live longer. 進行體育鍛煉的人活得長些。(若把從句去掉句子就失去意義)His daug

2、hter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女兒現(xiàn)在在波士頓，下星期回來。(若把從句去句子意義仍然完整)第2頁/共30頁第3頁，共30頁。Discuss the difference His brother, who is eighteen years old, is a PLA man. His brother who is eighteen years old is a PLA man. 區(qū)別：A句：他的哥哥是個解放軍戰(zhàn)士，現(xiàn)今十八歲。(說明他只有一個哥哥) B句：他那個十八歲的哥哥是位解放軍。(說明他還有別的哥哥) 第3頁

3、/共30頁第4頁，共30頁。All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.那里所有的書都是他寫的, 書里附有漂亮的插圖。(說明那里沒有除他以外的人寫的書) All the books there which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him. 那里所有附插圖的書都是他寫的。(暗示沒有附插圖的書不是他寫的) 第4頁/共30頁第5頁，共30頁。區(qū)別三：翻譯不同在翻譯定語從句時，一般把限定性定語從句翻譯在它所修飾的先行

4、詞之前，而把非限定性定語從句與主句分開。如：He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽車被竊的那個人。Ive invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀請了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。第5頁/共30頁第6頁，共30頁。區(qū)別四：先行詞不同限定性定語從句的先行詞只能是名詞或代詞，而非限定性定語從句的先行詞則可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是短語或句子；如： I know nothing that happened last night. 昨天晚上所發(fā)生的事情，我一點也不知道。(修飾前面的nothing) He has made gr

5、eat progress, which made us happy. 他進步了，這使我們大家都很高興。(說明前面句子的整個內(nèi)容) 第6頁/共30頁第7頁，共30頁。另外，當(dāng)先行詞為專有名詞或其他具有獨一無二性的普通名詞時，通常要用非限制性定語從句，而不用限制性定語從句。第7頁/共30頁第8頁，共30頁。區(qū)別五：關(guān)系詞不同關(guān)系詞that和why可用于限制性定語從句中，通常不用于非限制性定語從句；另外，在限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系詞有時可以省略(如引導(dǎo)詞作賓語，the way做先行詞)，而在非限制性定語從句中關(guān)系詞一律不省略。第8頁/共30頁第9頁，共30頁。限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句 形式上

6、不用逗號“，”與主句隔開。 用逗號“，”與主句隔開。 意義上 是先行詞不可缺少的定語，如刪除，主句則失去意義或意思表達不完整。只是對先行詞的補充說明，如刪除，主句仍能表達完整的意思。 譯法上 譯成先行詞的定語：“的” 通常譯成主句的并列句。 關(guān)系詞的使用上 A作賓語時可省略B可用thatC可用who 代替whom A不可省略B不用thatC不可用who 代替whom 第9頁/共30頁第10頁，共30頁。Practice A請區(qū)分出下列句子哪些是限制性定語從句，那些是非限制性定語從句：The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I

7、could depend on. His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. China is a country which has a long history. China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 第10頁/共30頁第11頁，共30頁。Exercises A1、All_ is useful to us is good.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC解析： 定語從句中的先行詞為all, no

8、ne等詞時，關(guān)系代詞必須用that,而不是which. 故選C。第11頁/共30頁第12頁，共30頁。2、Is this factory _ we visited last week.A、whereB、thatC、whichD、the oneD解析： this factory容易被學(xué)生錯誤地混為先行詞，其實這是This factory是句子的主語而不是先行詞。所以選擇D.The one 中的one 指代的是factory,作定語從句的先行詞。第12頁/共30頁第13頁，共30頁。3、She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、wh

9、enB、whatC、whichD、whyC解析：the day是定語從句的先行詞，she spent in Beijing中的動詞spent是個及物動詞，后接賓語，the day 作動詞spent的賓語。因此選C.第13頁/共30頁第14頁，共30頁。4、This is the school _ my father worked 20 years ago.A、thatB、whenC、whichD、whereD解析：題中的the school是定語從句的先行詞。in +which= where , 因此選D. 試比較： This school is _ my father worked 20 y

10、ears ago.where B. the one whereC. that D. the one whichB第14頁/共30頁第15頁，共30頁。5、This is the factory_we visited last year.A、thatB、 in whichC、whatD、the oneA解析：the factory是定語從句的先行詞, 用作賓語；從句we visited last year中visit是個及物動詞，后接賓語，因此選A.第15頁/共30頁第16頁，共30頁。6、The text is one of the most interesting stories_learn

11、t in the past three days.A、that haveB、that have beenC、which hasD、which has beenB解析：stories是定語從句的先行詞, 同時stories被最高級所修飾，因此選B.第16頁/共30頁第17頁，共30頁。1、The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.A、whoB、whoseC、of whomD、whichBExercises B第17頁/共30頁第18頁，共30頁。2、Let me think of a proper situation _ this sente

12、nce can be used.A、whereB、thatC、of whomD、whichA第18頁/共30頁第19頁，共30頁。3、The man _ you are talking is in the next room.A、to whomB、about whomC、about whoD、whomB第19頁/共30頁第20頁，共30頁。4、I dont like the way _ he spoke to me.A、by thatB、whatC、by whichD、/D第20頁/共30頁第21頁，共30頁。4、I，_ you good friend, will try my best to

13、 help you out.A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am D第21頁/共30頁第22頁，共30頁。5、This is the only thing _ I can do now.A、whatB、whichC、thatD、allC第22頁/共30頁第23頁，共30頁。6、Those _ to take part in the game write down your names.A、whoB、who wantC、what wantsD、wantB第23頁/共30頁第24頁，共30頁。7、His walking stick, _ he cant wal

14、k, was lost yesterday.A、thatB、with whichC、whichD、without whichD第24頁/共30頁第25頁，共30頁。8、They have decided to finish their work, _, I think is a wise choice.A、thatB、whatC、whichD、whetherC第25頁/共30頁第26頁，共30頁。9、This is the reason _ he told me.A、thatB、whyC、on whichD、for thatA第26頁/共30頁第27頁，共30頁。10、This is the

15、last factory _ he used to work at, many workers of _ still have a good relationship with him.A、that; itB、which; whomC、that; whichD、which; thatC第27頁/共30頁第28頁，共30頁。1.(限) Here are the farmers who discovered the underground city last month.2.(非) Hangzhou is a famous city, where many people come to buy t

16、ea./ Hangzhou,where many people come to buy tea, is a famous city.3.(限) I dont know the reason why she got angry.4.(限) The old man to whom you are talking saw some Germans5.(限) The woman remembered the day when she saw 第28頁/共30頁第29頁，共30頁。6.(非) St.Petersburg is a very beautiful city, which was once called Leninggrad.7.(限) I remember the soldier who told me8.