電子與通信技術(shù)專業(yè)英語Unit 2 lesson 11

1、PART1 LCDs are used in a wide range of applications, including computer monitors, television, instrument panels, aircraft cockpit displays, signage, etc. They are common in consumer devices such as video players, gaming devices, clocks, watches, calculators, and telephones. LCDs have displaced catho

2、de ray tube (CRT) displays in most applications. They are usually more compact, lightweight, portable, less expensive, more reliable, and easier on the eyes. They are available in a wider range of screen sizes than CRT and plasma displays. A liquid crystal display (as shown in Fig.11-1) is a thin, f

3、lat electronic visual display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals (LCs). LCs do not emit light directly. One feature of liquid crystals is that theyre affected by electric current. A particular sort of nematic liquid crystal, called twisted nematics (TN), is naturally twiste

4、d. Applying an electric current to there liquid crystals will untwist them to varying degrees, depending on the currents voltage. Lesson 11 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART2Lesson 11 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) Theres far more to building an LCD than

5、simply creating a sheet of liquid crystals. The combination of four facts makes LCD possible(as Fig.11-2): Light can be polarized. Liquid crystals can transmit and change polarized light. The structure of liquid crystals can be changed by electric current.TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabul

6、ary Fig.11-1 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)PART3Lesson 11 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) There are transparent substances that can conduct electricity. An LCD is a device that uses these four facts in a surprising way! But just what are these things called liquid crystals? The name liquid crystal sounds

7、 like a contradiction. We think of a crystal as a solid material like quartz, usually as hard as rock, and a liquid is obviously different. How could any material combine the two? We learned in school that there are three common states of matter: solid, liquid or gaseous.Solidsact the way they do be

8、cause their molecules always maintain their orientation and stay in the same position with respect to one another. The molecules inliquidsare just the opposite: They can change their orientation and move anywhere in the liquid. But there are some substancesTextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabu

9、lary Fig.11-2 How does LCD workPART4Lesson 11 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)that can exist in an odd state that is sort of like a liquid and sort of like a solid. When they are in this state, their molecules tend to maintain their orientation, like the molecules in a solid, but also move around to dif

10、ferent positions, like the molecules in a liquid. This means that liquid crystals are neither a solid nor a liquid. Thats how they ended up with their seemingly contradictory name. So, do liquid crystals act like solids or liquids or something else? It turns out that liquid crystals are closer to a

11、liquid state than a solid. It takes a fair amount of heat to change a suitable substance from a solid into a liquid crystal, and it only takes a little more heat to turn that same liquid crystal into a real liquid. This explains why liquid crystals are very sensitive totemperatureand why they are us

12、ed to make thermometersandmood rings. It also explains why alaptop computerdisplay may act funny in cold weather or during a hot day at the beach.TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART5Lesson 11 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) There are two main types of LCDs used in computers: passive ma

13、trix and active matrix. Most LCD displays use active matrix technology. A thin film transistor (TFT) arranges tiny transistors and capacitors in a matrix on the glass of the display. To address a particular pixel, the proper row is switched on, and then a charge is sent down the correct column. Sinc

14、e all of the other rows that the column intersects are turned off, only the capacitor at the designated pixel receives a charge. The capacitor is able to hold the charge until the next refresh cycle. The other type of LCD technology is passive matrix. This type of LCD display uses a grid of conducti

15、ve metal to charge each pixel. Although they are less expensive to produce, passive matrix monitors are rarely used today due to the technologys slow response time and imprecise voltage control compared to active matrix technology.TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART6New words and ph

16、rases:cockpit kkpit n. （飛機(jī)駕駛員的）駕駛艙，座艙signage sainid n. 引導(dǎo)標(biāo)示plasma plzm n. 等離子體laptop lptp n. 筆記本電腦nematic nimtik adj. （液晶）【晶體】向列的polarize pulraiz vt. （使）偏振；（使）極化transparent trnsprnt adj.透明的；顯然的contradiction ,kntrdikn n.矛盾；否認(rèn)；反駁quartz kwrts n. 石英gaseous sis adj. 氣態(tài)的，氣體的TextNew wordNotesExercisesTrans

17、lationVocabulary PART7New words and phrases:molecule mlikjul n. 分子；微小顆粒，微粒orientation ,rintein n. 方向；定向thermometer mmit n.溫度計；體溫計matrix meitriks n. 【數(shù)】矩陣；模型；transistor trnzist n. 晶體管capacitor kpsit n. 電容器pixel piks()l n. （顯示器或電視機(jī)圖像的）像素（等于picture element）intersect intsekt vt. 橫斷，橫切；貫穿 vi. 相交，交叉design

18、ate dezigneit vt. 指定，指派grid grid n. 格子，網(wǎng)格TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART8Phrases and ExpressionsLCD (Liquid Crystal Display) 液晶顯示器CRT (cathode ray tube) 陰極射線管TN (twisted nematics) 扭曲向列型TFT (thin film transistor) 薄膜晶體管refresh cycle 恢復(fù)周期 【計】 刷新周期 更新周期New words and phrases:TextNew

19、wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART9Notes:1.Applying an electric current to these liquid crystals will untwist them to varying degrees, depending on the currents voltage.譯文：在這種液晶中有電流流過時，液晶會根據(jù)所加的電壓改變其扭曲程度。句中Applying an electric current to these liquid crystals是動名詞，做主語。英語中，在動詞的基礎(chǔ)上加-ing，可使該動詞或

20、動詞短語有名詞的各種特征，可作名詞靈活使用。如：Climbing mountains is really fun.2.Theres far more to building an LCD than simply creating a sheet of liquid crystals.譯文：并不是簡單地鋪一層液晶就可以做成LCDfar: 副詞，非常，如：(1) There are far more opportunities for young people than there used to be. (2) He always gives us far too much homework.3

21、.Solids act the way they do because their molecules always maintain their orientation and stay in the same position with respect to one another.譯文：固體之所以表現(xiàn)為這樣是因為它們的分子總是保持自己的方向，并保持相對位置不變。with respect to: 關(guān)于，相對于。TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART104.Thats how they ended up with their

22、seemingly contradictory name.譯文：這就是為什么最終他們有一個看似矛盾的名字。end up (with): 以告終，如：(1) If you go on like this you will end up with nothing. (2) I end up doing all the work myself. (3) If you go on like this, you will end up in prison.5.It takes a fair amount of heat to change a suitable substance from a soli

23、d into a liquid crystal, and it only takes a little more heat to turn that same liquid crystal into a real liquid.譯文：將一個合適的物質(zhì)從固態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換為液晶需要相當(dāng)多的熱量，然而將同樣的液晶變成一個真正的液體只需要稍微多一點的熱量。(1) fair: （數(shù)量，尺寸，程度，距離等）相當(dāng)大的，如：My birthday is still fair way off.(2) it takes to: 需要 （某種品質(zhì)或事物） 來做某事，如：It takes courage to say wha

24、t you think.Notes:TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary Exercises:1. Write T (True) or F (False) beside the following statements about the text.a. LCDs are widely used in common consumer devices.b. Liquid crystals can emit light directly in a LCD.c. Electric current can change the structur

25、e of liquid crystals. d. Molecules always maintain their orientation in liquids. e. Molecules in crystal liquids can not only maintain their orientation but move around to different positions. f. As liquid crystals are very sensitive to temperature, they can be used to make thermometers.g. Because o

26、f the slow response time and imprecise voltage control, passive matrix monitors are rarely used today. 2. Fill in the missing words according to the text.a. A liquid crystal display is a thin, flat that uses of liquid crystals.b. Liquid crystals can and polarized light.c. There are three common stat

27、es of matter: TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART11Exercises:d. The molecules in liquids can change their and move anywhere.e. Because a CD can typically only around of data, a large library will require disks to contain.and are two main types of LCDs used in computers.3. Translate

28、the following paragraph into Chinese.Solids act the way they do because their molecules always maintain their orientation and stay in the same position with respect to one another. The molecules in liquids are just the opposite: They can change their orientation and move anywhere in the liquid. But

29、there are some substances that can exist in an odd state that is sort of like a liquid and sort of like a solid. When they are in this state, their molecules tend to maintain their orientation, like the molecules in a solid, but also move around to different positions, like the molecules in a liquid

30、. This means that liquid crystals are neither a solid nor a liquid.TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART12Translation第11課 LCD（液晶顯示器） 液晶顯示器被廣泛運(yùn)用，包括電腦顯示器、電視、儀表面板、飛機(jī)座艙顯示器和招牌等。它們是常見的消費設(shè)備，如視頻播放器、游戲設(shè)備、鐘、手表、計算器和電話。液晶顯示器在大多數(shù)應(yīng)用中已經(jīng)取代了陰極射線管（CRT）顯示器。它們通常更緊湊，重量輕，便于攜帶，更便宜，更可靠，對眼睛來說更舒服。比起CRT和等離子顯示器，它們可以適應(yīng)更廣泛的屏幕尺寸。 液晶顯示器（LCD）是一種平面薄型視覺顯示器。采用液晶的光調(diào)制特性。液晶不直接發(fā)光。液晶的一個特點是液晶容易受電流影響，一種特殊的向列液晶，稱扭曲向列，本身是扭曲的，在這種液晶中有電流流過時，液晶根據(jù)所加的電壓改變其扭曲程度。 并不是簡單地鋪一層液晶就可以做成LCD，做成