Module 3 Journey to space Unit 2 We have not found life on any other planets yet教材知識(shí)詳解

1、 3/3Module3 Unit2 教材知識(shí)詳解1. Scientists think that there has been life on Earth for hundreds of millions of years.科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為地球上存在生命已有上百萬(wàn)年了。本句為含有think的主從復(fù)合句，即“主語(yǔ)+think+賓語(yǔ)從句”如：I think it is a good thing.我認(rèn)為它是一個(gè)好事情。(1)當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think, believe, suppose(猜測(cè)，認(rèn)為)等，而主句的主語(yǔ)又是第一人稱(chēng)時(shí)，后面賓語(yǔ)從句的否定詞常要前移，即否定主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。我們稱(chēng)這類(lèi)現(xiàn)象為“否

2、定轉(zhuǎn)移（前移）”。如：we dont think Tom is right.我們認(rèn)為T(mén)om是不對(duì)的。(2)從句中使用了there be句型的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為；There have/has been.如：Has there been an accident?有過(guò)一次事故嗎？(3) hundreds of意為“數(shù)以百計(jì)的”，用來(lái)表示一個(gè)不具體的數(shù)量或一個(gè)夸張的說(shuō)法。hundred意思是“百”，當(dāng)它和具體的數(shù)詞連用時(shí)，hundred不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式，也不能在其后加of。類(lèi)似的詞還有thousand, million, billion 等。如：There are about two hundred

3、students on the playground.操場(chǎng)上大約有兩百個(gè)學(xué)生。There are hundreds of students on the playground.操場(chǎng)上有數(shù)百個(gè)學(xué)生。2. It is impossible to imagine.它是不可能想象到的。本句屬于“Itis+adj.+ (for sb.+) to do sth.”的句式，其中to do sth.是真正的主語(yǔ)，it只是形式主語(yǔ)。如：It is important to learn about safety knowledge.學(xué)習(xí)安全知識(shí)是很重要的。本句中的impossible是形容詞，意為“不可能的”。如

4、：It is impossible to live on the moon.在月球上生活是不可能的。The sun and its planets are called the solar system.太陽(yáng)和它的行星被叫作太陽(yáng)系，are called是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，意為“被稱(chēng)為，被叫作”。如：The cartoon is called The Smurfs.這部卡通片叫藍(lán)精靈。4. However, no spaceship has travelled far enough to reach other stars in our Galaxy.然而，沒(méi)有宇宙飛船能遨游到足夠遠(yuǎn)，到達(dá)我

5、們星系中的其他恒星上。形容詞或副詞+enough to+動(dòng)詞原形，意為“足夠可以”。如：He is old enough to take care of himself.他大了，能照顧自己了。They are very far away and their light has traveled for many years to reach us.它們離得很遠(yuǎn),它們的光到達(dá)我們需要很多年。這是一個(gè)由and連接的并列句。句中不定式to reach us是表目的的狀語(yǔ)。away表示距離時(shí)，其句型為：主語(yǔ)+be+數(shù)詞+metres/kilometres+away。如：The school is two kilometres away from here.學(xué)校離這里兩千米。6. With so many stars in the universe, are we alone, or is there life out there in space?宇宙中有這么多的星球，我們到