主謂一致三個(gè)原則

1、Agreementbetweensubjectandverb主謂一致主要有以下三個(gè)原則：1、語法一致原則(5種情況)2、意義一致原則(10種情況)3、就近原則語法一致原則1and連接不同的人或事時(shí)作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；但如果連接的名詞指的是同一人或物,或同一概念時(shí),謂語要用單數(shù)。Thesingeranddancergoingtogiveusaperformance.Theknifeandforkonthetable.不定式，動(dòng)詞ing形式或主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Whatheisdoingseemsveryimportant.Collectingstampsishishobby.

2、定語從句的關(guān)系代詞who,which,that在從句中作主語時(shí)，要與先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。Thosewhoenjoysingingmayjoinus.Tom,whoisyourfriend,shouldhelpyou.I,whoamateacher,lackhumor.with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,besides,like,without,except,but,including如果句子中有這些連接詞和主語連用,謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)隨主語的變化而變化。例如：Theteachertogetherwithhisstudents,isplantingtrees

3、inthestreet.manya,morethanone與單數(shù)名詞組成的短語,謂語用單數(shù)。Manyaboyhasseenit.Morethanonestudentisrequiredtoredothehomework.意義一致原則不定代詞all,more,some,any,none作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞視情況而定。Alloftheapplesrotten.Alloftheapplerotten.therestof;halfof;partof;themajorityof等以及分?jǐn)?shù)、百分比在句子中加名詞作主語的時(shí)候,謂語動(dòng)詞與of后面的名詞保持一致。Halfofthestudentsfinishedt

4、heircomposition.Halfofthewater(pollute).集合名詞作主語，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；指全體人員時(shí),動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。這一類常見的集合名詞有public,family,class,crowd,audience,team,government,group。Hisfamilyalready(move)toFrance.Hisfamilyallmusiclovers.某些名詞如people,police,cattle等,形式上是單數(shù),但意義上是復(fù)數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。people指“民族”時(shí)是例外。Thepolicesearchingforathief.Thecattl

5、eeatinggrassonthehill.不定代詞作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)，如someonesomebody,something,anybody等Someoneisaskingforyou.某些名詞如clothes,trousers,shoes,glasses,pants,shorts等,通常只用其復(fù)數(shù)形式,但當(dāng)它們被apairof修飾時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Hereanewpairofshoesforyou.7某些名詞以s結(jié)尾如maths,politics,physics,news,plastics等，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。Physicsisaveryinterestingsubject.以anu

6、mberof作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);以thenumberof作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Anumberofnewbooksareonthedesk.Thenumberofstudentsinyouclassis50.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞,作主語的時(shí)候,其謂語動(dòng)詞由上下文決定,這一類名詞有:means,works,deer,fish,sheep,Chinese,Japanese等。Noteverymeansisuseful.。Notallmeansareuseful.如果主語由“the+形容詞(或過去分詞)”結(jié)構(gòu)擔(dān)任時(shí),謂語通常用復(fù)數(shù);這類詞有:thebrave,thepoor,therich,th

7、eblind,theyoung,theold,thesick,thedead等就近原則either.or;neither.nor;notonly.butalso,whether.or在句子中連接主語的時(shí)候或者在therebe句型中,謂語動(dòng)詞要和就近的主語保持一致。應(yīng)該注意的幾個(gè)問題:在主謂倒裝的句子中,謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語一致。例如:Betweenthetwowindows(hang)apicture.a(large)quantityof修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,其短語作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)看后面的名詞。Alargequantityofpeopleneededhere.quantities

8、of修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,其短語作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例如:Quantitiesoffood(nuts)onthetable.表示數(shù)量的oneandahalf后,名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,但是其短語作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：Oneandahalfbananasisleftonthetable.書刊名、時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)格、度量衡等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。Thirtyyearsisnotalongtime.RootsisafamousAmericannovelevery.andevery.;each.andeach.;no.andno.在以上短語中and連接的單數(shù)名詞,整個(gè)短語在

9、句中作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞常使用單數(shù)。Eachmanandeachwomanisaskedtoattend.Nosoundandnovoiceisheard.請(qǐng)用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Threeyears(have)passedsincetheymetlasttime,andforthem,threeyears(be)reallyalongtime.(be)everybodygoingtotakepartinthegamethisafternoon?Myfamily(be)thelargestoneinourvillage.Besides,myfamily(be)allpartymember

10、s.Thewholeclass(be)nowlisteningtotheteacherattentively.Thenews(be)veryexciting.Tolearnoneortwoforeignlanguages(be)veryimportantnowadays.Thelastandmostdifficultlesson(be)Lesson14.I,whoyourfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyou.Thescientistandengineer(have)inventedanewmachine.Alice，togetherwithherfriends，(be)p

11、unishedforhavingbrokentheschoolrules.Everygirlandeveryboy(have)therighttojointheclub.(be)eithersheoryoutogoandattendthemeeting?NeithershenorI(be).Ancientandmodernhistory(be)thesubjectswearestudying.Manyascientist(have)devotedtheirlivestoscience.Theold(be)respectedinourcountry.選擇題：1Oneortwodaysenough

12、toseethecityAisBareC.amDbe2NeithermywifenorImyselfabletopersuademydaughtertochangehermindAisBareCamDbe3NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMarytiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranotherAisBareC.amDhave4Nottheteacher，butthestudentslookingforwardtoseeingthefilmAisBareC.amDbe5NobodybutBettyandMarylateforclassyesterdayA

13、wasBwereChasbeenDhavebeen6AwomanwithsomechildrensoonAiscomingBarecomingChascomeDhavecome7Nooneexceptmyparentsanythingaboutthis。AknowBknowsCisknownDareknown8TheteacheraswellasthestudentsthebookalreadyAhasreadBhavereadCarereadingDisreading9AllbutoneintheaccidentAwaskilledBwerekilledCwillbekilledDareki

14、lledNotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMarytiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.beAlibrarywithfivethousandbookstothenationasagift.A.isofferedC.areofferedB.hasofferedD.haveofferedWhenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_yet.A.wasnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecidedThenumberofpeopleinvited_fifty,butanumberofthem_absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;wereE-mail,aswellastelephones,_animportantpartindailycommunication.A.isplayingB