大學英語自學教程上冊unit怎樣成為一名成功的語言學習者

1、大學英語自學教程（上冊）unit01怎樣成為一名成功的語言學習者01-A.Howtobeasuccessfullanguagelearner?“Learningalanguageiseasy,evenachildcandoit!”Mostadultswhoarelearningasecondlanguagewoulddisagreewiththisstatement.Forthem,learningalanguageisaverydifficulttask.Theyneedhundredsofhoursofstudyandpractice,andeventhiswillnotguarantee

2、successforeveryadultlanguagelearner.Languagelearningisdifferentfromotherkindsoflearning.Somepeoplewhoareveryintelligentandsuccessfulintheirfieldsfinditdifficulttosucceedinlanguagelearning.Conversely,somepeoplewhoaresuccessfullanguagelearnersfinditdifficulttosucceedinotherfields.Languageteachersoften

3、offeradvicetolanguagelearners:“Readasmuchasyoucaninthenewlanguage.”“Practicespeakingthelanguageeveryday.”“Livewithpeoplewhospeakthelanguage.”“Donttranslate-trytothinkinthenewlanguage.”“Learnasachildwouldlearn;playwiththelanguage.”Butwhatdoesasuccessfullanguagelearnerdo?Languagelearningresearchshowst

4、hatsuccessfullanguagelearnersaresimilarinmanyways.Firstofall,successfullanguagelearnersareindependentlearners.Theydonotdependonthebookortheteacher;theydiscovertheirownwaytolearnthelanguage.Insteadofwaitingfortheteachertoexplain,theytrytofindthepatternsandtherulesforthemselves.Theyaregoodguesserswhol

5、ookforcluesandformtheirownconclusions.Whentheyguesswrong,theyguessagain.Theytrytolearnfromtheirmistakes.Successfullanguagelearningisactivelearning.Therefore,successfullearnersdonotwaitforachancetousethelanguage;theylookforsuchachance.Theyfindpeoplewhospeakthelanguageandtheyaskthesepeopletocorrectthe

6、mwhentheymakeamistake.Theywilltryanythingtocommunicate.Theyarenotafraidtorepeatwhattheyhearortosaystrangethings;theyarewillingtomakemistakesandtryagain.Whencommunicationisdifficult,theycanacceptinformationthatisinexactorincomplete.Itismoreimportantforthemtolearntothinkinthelanguagethantoknowthemeani

7、ngofeveryword.Finally,successfullanguagelearnersarelearnerswithapurpose.Theywanttolearnthelanguagebecausetheyareinterestedinthelanguageandthepeoplewhospeakit.Itisnecessaryforthemtolearnthelanguageinordertocommunicatewiththesepeopleandtolearnfromthem.Theyfinditeasytopracticeusingthelanguageregularlyb

8、ecausetheywanttolearnwithit.Whatkindoflanguagelearnerareyou?Ifyouareasuccessfullanguagelearner,youhaveprobablybeenlearningindependently,actively,andpurposefully.Ontheotherhand,ifyourlanguagelearninghasbeenlessthansuccessful,youmightdowelltotrysomeofthetechniquesoutlinedabove.【課文譯文】怎樣成為一名成功的語言學習者“學習一

9、門語言很容易，即使小孩也能做得到。”大多數(shù)正在學習第二語言的成年人會不同意這種說法。對他們來說，學習一門語言是非常困難的事情。他們需要數(shù)百小時的學習與練習，即使這樣也不能保證每個成年語言學習者都能學好。語言學習不同于其他學習。許多人很聰明，在自己的領(lǐng)域很成功，但他們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難學好一門語言。相反，一些人學習語言很成功，但卻發(fā)現(xiàn)很難在其他領(lǐng)域有所成就。語言教師常常向語言學習者提出建議：“要用新的語言盡量多閱讀”，“每天練習說這種語言”，“與說這種語言的人住在一起”，“不要翻譯盡量用這種新的語言去思考”，“要像孩子學語言一樣去學習新語言”，“放松地去學習語言。”然而，成功的語言學習者是怎樣做的呢?語言

10、學習研究表明，成功的語言學習者在許多方面都有相似之處。首先，成功的語言學習者獨立學習。他們不依賴書本和老師，而且能找到自己學習語言的方法。他們不是等待老師來解釋，而是自己盡力去找到語言的句式和規(guī)則。他們尋找線索并由自己得出結(jié)論，從而做出正確的猜測。如果猜錯，他們就再猜一遍。他們都努力從錯誤中學習。成功的語言學習是一種主動的學習。因此，成功的語言學習者不是坐等時機而是主動尋找機會來使用語言。他們找到（說）這種語言的人進行練習，出錯時請這些人糾正。他們不失時機地進行交流，不怕重復所聽到的話，也不怕說出離奇的話，他們不在乎出錯，并樂于反復嘗試。當交流困難時，他們可以接受不確切或不完整的信息。對他們來說，更重要的是學習用這種語言思考，而不是知道每個詞的意思。最后，成功的語言學習者學習目的明確。他們想學習一門語言是因為他們對