2009年12月英語四級閱讀理解真題與答案詳解

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Throughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on the presidential candidates and how theyll change America. Rightly so, but selfishly, Im more fascinated by Mi

2、chelle Obama and what she might be able to do, not just for this country, but for me as an African-American woman. As the potential First Lady, she would have the worlds attention. And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get up close and personal with the type of African-

3、American woman they so rarely see.Usually, the lives of black women go largely unexamined. The prevailing theory seems to be that were all hot-tempered single mothers who cant keep a man. Even in the world of make-believe, black women still cant escape the stereotype of being eye-rolling, oversexed

4、females raised by our never-married, alcoholic (酗酒的) mothers.These images have helped define the way all women are viewed, including Michelle Obama. Before she ever gets the chance to commit to a cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, her most urgent and perhaps most complicated duty may be sim

5、ple to be herself.It wont be easy. Because few mainstream publications have done in-depth features on regular African-American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis. For better or worse, Michelle will represent us all.Just as she will have her cri

6、tics, she will also have millions of fans who usually have little interest in the First Lady. Many African-American blogs have written about what theyd like to see Michelle bring to the White Housemainly showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family. Michel

7、le will have to work to please everyonean impossible task. But for many African-American women like me, just a little of her poise (沉著), confidence and intelligence will go a long way in changing an image thats been around for far too long.57. Why does Michelle Obama hold a strong fascination for th

8、e author?A) She serves as a role model for African women.B) She possesses many admirable qualities becoming a First Lady.C) She will present to the world a new image of African-American women.D) She will pay closer attention to the interests of African-American women.58. What is the common stereotyp

9、e of African-American women according to the author?A) They are victims of violence. B) They are of an inferior violence.C) They use quite a lot of body language. D) They live on charity and social welfare.59. What do many African-Americans write about in their blogs?A) Whether Michelle can live up

10、to the high expectations of her fans.B) How Michelle should behave as a public figure.C) How proud they are to have a black woman in the White House.D) What Michelle should do as wife and mother in the White House.60. What does the author say about Michelle Obama as a First Lady?A) However many fans

11、 she has, she should remain modest,B) She shouldnt disappoint the African-American community.C) However hard she tries, she cant expect to please everybody.D) She will give priority to African-American womens concerns.61. What do many African-American women hope Michelle Obama will do?A) Help change

12、 the prevailing view about black women.B) Help her husband in the task of changing America.C) Outshine previous First Lady.D) Fully display her fine qualities.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.When next years crop of high-school graduates arrive at Oxford University in

13、 the fall of 2009, theyll be joined by a new face; Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old provost (教務(wù)長) of Yale, wholl become Oxfords vice-chancellora position equivalent to university president in America.Hamilton isnt the only educator crossing the Atlantic. Schools in France, Egypt, Singapore, etc, hav

14、e also recently made top-level hires from abroad. Higher education has become a big and competitive business nowadays, and like so many businesses, its gone global. Yet the talent flow isnt universal. High-level personnel tend to head in only one direction: outward from America.The chief reason is t

15、hat American schools dont tend to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, when the board of the University of Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the universitys budget. “We didnt do any global consideration,” says P

16、atricia Hayes, the boards chair. The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist (活動家) who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising. Fund-raising is a distinctively American thing, since U.S. schools rely

17、heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.Many European universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependent on government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student number. The decline in government support has ma

18、de funding-raising an increasing necessary ability among administrators and has hiring committees hungry for Americans.In the past few years, prominent schools around the world have joined the trend. In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vic

19、e-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen “a major strengthening of Yales financial position.”O(jiān)f course, fund-raising isnt the only skill outsiders offer. The globalization of education means more universities will be seeking heads with international ex

20、perience of some kind of promote international programs and attract a global student body. Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective on established practices.62. What is the current trend in higher education discussed in the passage?A) Institutions worldwide are hiring administrators from the U.S.B)

21、A lot of political activists are being recruited as administrators.C) American universities are enrolling more international students.D) University presidents are paying more attention to funding-raising.63. What is the chief consideration of American universities when hiring top-level administrator

22、s?A) The political correctness. B) Their ability to raise funds.C) Their fame in academic circles. D) Their administrative experience.64. What do we learn about European universities from the passage?A) The tuitions they charge have been rising considerably.B) Their operation is under strict governm

23、ent supervision.C) They are strengthening their position by globalization.D) Most of their revenues come from the government.65. Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard as its vice-chancellor chiefly because _.A) she was known to be good at raising moneyB) she could help strengthen its ties wi

24、th YaleC) she knew how to attract students overseasD) she had boosted Yales academic status66. In what way do top-level administrators from abroad contribute to university development?A) They can enhance the universitys image.B) They will bring with them more international faculty.C) They will view

25、a lot of things from a new perspective.D) They can set up new academic disciplines.參考答案：Passage One 文章大意：本文是一篇議論文，選自新聞周刊2008年11月刊，題目為MICHELLE OBAMA IS A BLACK SKINNED BEAUTY!。全文共五段。第一段作者介紹作為黑人女性，她更關(guān)注米歇爾奧巴馬，因為作為準(zhǔn)第一夫人，米歇爾代表的正是人們平時極少接觸的非洲裔女性美國公民。第二至四段介紹過去人們對黑人女性帶有成見的看法，因此米歇爾將代表所有黑人女性來改變世人對她們的看法。最后一段介紹米

26、歇爾作為第一夫人，美國黑人對她的期望，以及她身上所具有的、黑人女性應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)的品質(zhì)。答案 C定位 由題干定位到首段末句And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get up close and personal with the type of African-American woman they so rarely see.解析 段末處設(shè)題。題干中的fascination與第一段第三句的Im more fascinated by Michelle Obama相對應(yīng)。從末句句首that means t

27、hat可以看出，這一句是對前面幾句的進一步解釋，闡述了我對Michelle Obama感興趣的原因所在，即get up close and personal with the type of African-American woman they so rarely see，C中的present to the world a new image of African-American woman 是對其的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。文章沒有提及米歇爾奧巴馬是美國黑人婦女的榜樣，排除A；文章只提到米歇爾具有很多良好的品質(zhì)，可以改變?nèi)藗冃哪恐忻绹谌藡D女的形象，并沒有提到這些品質(zhì)使她當(dāng)上第一夫人，排除B；文章沒有涉

28、及到米歇爾將關(guān)注黑人婦女利益問題，排除D。答案 B定位 由題干中的common stereotype of African-American women定位到第二段第二句和第三句：The prevailing theory seems to be that, oversexed females raised by our never-married, alcoholic mothers.解析 段末處設(shè)題。第二段中提到了人們心目中典型的黑人婦女形象，守不住自己男人，脾氣暴躁，由單親媽媽拉扯大，性欲超強，酗酒成性，說明她們非常低俗。B中的an inferior social group是對她們生活

29、狀態(tài)的總結(jié)，屬于社會底層。B正確。文章中沒有提到黑人家庭暴力，因此她們不會是家庭暴力的受害者，排除A；第二段最后一句只提到了eye-rolling，在這里只是想來形容她們的丑陋形象，并沒有講她們的肢體語言，排除C；文章沒有提及黑人婦女依賴救濟金及社會福利生活，排除D。答案 D定位 由題干中的many African-Americans和their blogs定位到第五段第二句：Many African-American blogs have written about what theyd like to see Michelle bring to the White Housemainly

30、showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family.解析 遞進關(guān)系處設(shè)題。第五段第二句使用破折號表達了美國黑人希望看到米歇爾可以向這個世界顯示一個黑人婦女既可以支持她的丈夫也可以支撐起一個強大的家庭。D項“作為妻子和母親，米歇爾在白宮應(yīng)該做什么”與原文意思相符。故D正確。美國黑人們在博客中只提到了希望米歇爾可以向這個世界顯示一個黑人和白人婦女一樣，都可以支持她們的丈夫在事業(yè)上取得成功，并可以有一個幸福的家庭，其他方面的問題均未涉及，排除A、B、C。答案 C定位 由題干中

31、the author say about the Michelle Obama和First Lady定位到第五段第三句：Michelle will have to work to please everyonean important task.解析 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系處設(shè)題。第五段第三句提到米歇爾會努力工作力求讓每個人滿意，但無論怎樣也不可能讓每個人滿意。C項However hard she tries, she cant expect to please everybody是該句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。文章在第五段開頭提到米歇爾有很多粉絲，但沒有提及她要保持謙遜的態(tài)度，排除A；文章沒有涉及B和D的內(nèi)容，排除B和

32、D。答案 A定位 由題干中many African-American women和hope定位到第五段最后一句：But for many African-American women like me confidence and intelligence will go a long way in changing an image thats been around for far too long.解析 段末處設(shè)題。第五段最后一句后半部分提到米歇爾的品質(zhì)可以changing an image thats been around for far too long，A項Help change

33、the prevailing view about black women是這一句子的同義表達。文章中只是提及米歇爾在事業(yè)上支持她的丈夫，但并沒有提到她要承擔(dān)起幫助丈夫改變美國的重任，排除B；C和D文章中沒有涉及，可以排除。Passage Two文章大意：本文是一篇說明文，選自2008年9月的新聞周刊。全文共有六段。第一至二段以漢密爾頓（原耶魯大學(xué)教務(wù)長）將擔(dān)任牛津大學(xué)副校長為例，說明高等教育已成為極具競爭力的商業(yè)行為，并且日漸國際化。第三到五段話鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，介紹人才的流動并不是世界性的。高層的管理人員往往來自一個地方：美國。末段是對本文的總結(jié)：教育全球化意味著更多的大學(xué)將要聘用那些具有國際經(jīng)驗的

34、校長，因為外國人能夠給學(xué)校已有的體系注入新鮮的血液。答案 A定位 根據(jù)題干中the current trend in higher education定位到第二段最后兩句：Yet the talent flow isnt universal. High-level personnel tend to head in only one direction: outward from America.解析段末處設(shè)題。第二段最后一句提到，盡管教育人才在全世界范圍流動，但人們只從美國聘請高層管理人員。選項A是該句的同義表述。文章第三段提到科羅拉多大學(xué)新任校長是一位政治活動家，但并沒有介紹各個大學(xué)傾向找

35、具有政治活動能力的人任校長，排除B；文章沒有涉及美國大學(xué)招收更多海外學(xué)生的事宜，排除C；文章只提到大學(xué)校長需要具備資金募集能力，但這不是文章中要介紹的教育界當(dāng)前的潮流，排除D。答案 B定位 根據(jù)題干中the chief consideration of American universities和top level administrators定位到第三段第四句：The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist who is likely to excel at the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising解析 段末處設(shè)題。整個第三段是以美國的科羅拉多大學(xué)為例介紹美國大學(xué)在選聘校長時的關(guān)注點。第四句提到布魯斯本森之所以能夠當(dāng)選科羅拉多大學(xué)校長是因為其能很好地履行現(xiàn)代社會校長的最主要職責(zé)募集資金。選項B Their ability to raise fund