高三英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)課件(牛津創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì))：第一部分高頻語法第六章情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣

1、第六章情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣厶、情態(tài)動詞()情態(tài)動詞的基本用法can/ could表“能力” O【例1 】Just be patient.Youexpect the world to change so soon.(2010.全國 I )A.can? t B.needn，t C.may not D.whether【例2】 Weeat in a restaurant because none of us had any money on us.A.can t B.couldn? t C.may not D.might not表“許I廠o回答could的提問壷用can, 般丕用cou

2、ld?！纠?】-Could I use your bike ?Yes,surelv vouA.mightB.will C.can D.couldwereout.回答could般星表過去的能力；若表示過去的能力得到了實(shí)施，一般用w“s /able to,丕用could?！纠?】 The fire spread throughout the hotel very quickly but everyoneg(A.had to B.would C.could D.was able tomay / might(1)表“許可” (=can)o若表示“不可以、禁止”,用mustn t或canmight的提問

3、蛍用may, 一般丕用might。【例5 】 一I take the book out ?一r m afraid not.(2010四川)A.Will B.May C.Must D.Need【例6】一Might I use your pen?Yes,of course you.A.mayB.must C.could D. might【例7】一May I watch TV now?No,you.A.canBemustn t C.couldn t D.mightnmay表“祝愿”,置句苴，主謂要倒裝?！纠?】 Good luck to you, andall your wishes come tr

4、ue !A.can B.may C.must D. mightmust / have to表“必須” o must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀看法;have to強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要?！纠? This is a bad party一We reallygo.This is a lovely party, but wego because of our baby.A.must B.may C.can D.have to(2)mustn， t意為禁止、不準(zhǔn)” ；haven? t to意為“不必” ( = needn t)?！纠?10】 Youpractice the drums while the baby is sleepi

5、ng.A.haven, t to B.mightn t C.mustn t D.won tmust表“偏要、硬要” o【例 11 】 Whyyou always interrupt me ?A.can B.will C.may D.mu st【例 12 】 一May I smoke here ?一If you, choose a seat in the smoking section.A.should B.could C.may D.mu st以must開頭的一般疑問句，若要作否定回答，蛍用needn t或haven t to, 一般丕 用mustn, to【例 13 】 一Must I co

6、me at four o clock ?一Oh, no.Youcome at four.A.won, t B.needn t C.can，t D.mustn? t4.ought to / should意為應(yīng)該”，表義務(wù)或責(zé)任,ought to的語氣btshould稍重?！纠?14 】 It, s nearly seven o clock.Jackbe here at any moment.A. must B.need C.should D.canshould表“竟然、萬一” o【例 15 】 You can t imagine that a well-behaved gentlemanbe s

7、o rude to a lady.A.might B.need C.should D. would【彳列 16 If youhave any difficulty in getting spare parts,ring this numbe匚A.ought to B.should C.will D.wouldneed(1)意為“需要”，作情態(tài)動詞用時(shí)，須跟動詞原形,無人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，一 般只用于否定句或疑問句中。在直定句中一般用作行為動詞。I【例 17 】 一I don t mind telling you what I know.You.r m not asking you for i

8、t.A.mustn t B.may not C.can? t D.needny t【例 18 】I don， t think hea new computer.A.need to buy B.needs buy C.need buy D.need(2)以need開頭的一般疑問句，若要作肯定回答，遷用must, 般丕用need。【例19】一Need I come ?Yes,youA.needB.must C.neednt D.mustn tdare意為“敢”，作情態(tài)動詞用時(shí)，須跟動詞原形,宜過去式(dared),無人稱、數(shù)的變 化，主要用于否定句、疑問句或條件句中。在肯定句中一般用作行為動詞?！?/p>

9、例20】I wonder how hethat to the teacher.A.dare to say B.dare saying C.not dare say D.dared say答案：D【例21 】 Shetell the boss because she doesn t want to make troubleA.doesn t dare to B.not dare C.daren t to D.dares not to答案：Ashall(1)用于疑問句中征求意見，主語是第二、三人稱?！纠?2 】Let s go shopping,we ?A.don? t B.will C.shal

10、l D.mustn, t【例23】 Professor Smith, many students want to see you.they wait here oroutside ?A.Do B.Will C.Shall D.Would(2)用于陳述句中表示說話人的允諾、告誡、威脅、命令等，主語多為第二、三人稱。例24 】 一I haven t got the reference book yet, but T 11 have a test on the subject next month.一Don t worry.Youhave it by Friday. (2010-江蘇)A.could

11、 B.shall C.must D.may【例25 】 一Mike is absent from class.一Tell him heanswer for it if he goes on behaving like that.A.shall B.will C.would D.canwill / would用于征求意見，主語是第二人稱?！纠?6 】 一you be here when we get back ?一Surely.A.Shall B.Will C.Do D.Mustn t表“意志、意愿”，用于各種人稱。主語若為無生命的東西，won t不表意愿，而是“就是不”之意?！纠?7 I pu

12、shed the second-hand car in the mud with my full strength,but itmove.A.won t B.wouldn t C.mightn t D.couldn t表“習(xí)慣” ,will指現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣，would指過去的習(xí)慣。【例28】 When he was there, hego to that coffee shop at the corner afterwork every day.Awould B.should C.had better D.might（二）情態(tài)動詞表推測的用法推測現(xiàn)在的情況，后接動詞W；推測正在進(jìn)行的情況，后接動詞

13、的進(jìn)行時(shí);推測 過去的情況，后接動詞的完成時(shí)。must只用于肯定句中,意為“一定” o【例29】 一Good morning.Fve got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.一Ah, good morning.Yoube Mrs.Peter.（2010-北京）A.might B.must C. would D.can【例30 】I didn t hear the phone.Iasleep.A.must be Bmust have been C.should be D.should have【例31 】 一D

14、o you know what Tom is doing at the crossroads ?Hefor his girlfriendA.should wait Bmust be waiting C.can have waited D.might waitingcan / could多用于否定句或疑問句中,二者一般沒玄時(shí)間上的差異，只是could的語氣更客氣委婉。can? t/couldn? t意為“不可能”。【例32】r m afraid Mr.Hardingsee you now.He? s busy.（2010-全國 II ）A.can t B.mustn, t C.shouldn,

15、t D.needn, t【例33 】There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.一Ita comfortable journey.A.can t be B.shouldn t be C.mustn t have been D.couldn t have been【例34】The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because itbe very slow.A.should B.must C

16、.will D.canmay / might用于肯定句或否定句中,migh還是may的過去式，只是might的可能性比may小。may not / mightn? t意為可能不”?！纠?5】 Petercome with us tonight, but he isn t very sure yet.A.must B.may C.can D.will【例36 】 一Is John coming by train ?He should, but henot.He likes driving his car.A.must B.might C.can D.need【例37 一I can t under

17、stand why our boss is late.一Hethe early bus.A.could miss B.may have missed C.can have missed D.might miss4.ought to / should意為“按理應(yīng)該”?！纠?8 】 一When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon.一Theybe ready by 12 ： 00.A.can B.should C.might D.need（三）“情態(tài)動詞+ have donev的虛擬用法1 .ought to / sh

18、ould have done表示過去本應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上未做，含有責(zé)備的口氣?！纠?9】Ihave watched that movie 一it 11 give me horrible dreams.（2010-山東）shouldn t B.needn, t C.couldn, t D.mustn t【例40 】 一r 11 tell Mary about the result of her final examination.Youher yesterday.A.ought to tell B.may tell C.would have told D.ought to have toldcoul

19、d have done表示過去本能夠做而實(shí)際上未做,含有責(zé)備或遺憾之意?！纠?1 】 一Youyour teacher for help.He is kind-heartedYes.A whole day was wasted.A.can B.must have asked C.could have asked D.shouldn t have askedmight have done表示過去本叮以做而實(shí)際上未做,含有責(zé)備或遺憾之意。【例42】 Heyou more help, even though he was very busy.A.might have given B.might gi

20、ve C.may have given D.may giveneedn? t have done表示過去本沒有必要做,但實(shí)際上做了 ,含有遺憾之意?！踞芰?3】 Markhave hurried.After driving at top speed, he arrived half anhour early.（2010-天津）A.needn? t B.wouldn, t C.mustn t D.couldn t【例44】 She was too nervous to reply, but fortunately sheanything.A.didn t need to sayB.needn t

21、 have saidC.needn t sayD.doesn t need to say二、虛擬語氣（一）虛擬條件句的三種基本類型1若與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，條件從句的謂語用一般過去時(shí)（be通常用were）,主句謂語用u would （should, could, might） + 動詞原形”?！踞芰?5 】 If placesalike,therelittle need for geogiaphers.A.are； should beB.are； will beD.were ； would beC.were； be2若與過去事實(shí)相反，條件從句的謂語用過去完成時(shí),主句謂語用“would(should,

22、 could, might) + have + 過去分詞，?！纠?6 】If he, hethat food.Luckily, he was sent to the hospitalimmediately.was warned； would not takehad been warned； would not have takenwould be warned； had not takenwould have been warned； had not taken3若與將來事實(shí)相反，條件從句的謂語用一般過去時(shí)(be通常用were咸should+動詞原形或were to +動詞原形，主句謂語用wo

23、uld (should, could, might) +動詞原形”。【例47 What would happen if the earthstop turning ?A.willB. would C.couldDe were to【例48】I think itmuch better if hea job soon.Yes,I agree with you.A.would be； got B.is； will get C.would have been； had got D.will be； got注：當(dāng)條件從句使用“should+動詞原形”這樣的謂語時(shí)，主句也可用陳述語氣或祈 使句。【例49

24、】 Let me know if yousome more news.A.heard B.would hear C.should hear D.were to hear例50 】If youinterested,Iyou the whole story.A.should be； will tell B.were to； will tellC.were； will tellD.are； would tell（二）錯綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句所謂錯綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句即條件從句與主句所指時(shí)間丕一致，如從句指過去,而主句卻指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?此時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)具體的語境，結(jié)合上面提到的三種基本類型對態(tài)作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整?！矩麵j5

25、1 】 We should be having a terrible time tomorrow if weeverything readyby now.A.haven? t got B.hadn t got C.didn t D.don t get【例52】If hequietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A.lies B.lay Cwould have scored【例55】 But for the storm, weearlier.A.will arrive Bshould have amved

26、C.arnve D.arrived（四）虛擬語氣的省略與倒裝有時(shí)可將連詞if省略，而將從句中的were, should, had提到主語之前。【例56 】 What would have happened, as far as the riverbank ?A.Bob had walked fartherB.if Bob should walk fartherC.had Bob walked fartherD.if Bob walked farther【例57 】 you be fired, your health care and other benefits will not be imm

27、ediatelycut off.A.Would B.Should C.Were D.Will【例58 】 taken good care of, he would not have recovered so quickly.A.Has he been not B.Had he not beenC.Has not he been D.Had he been not使用虛擬語氣的幾種從句l.wish后的賓語從句和if only后的句子：表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望，從句謂語用二般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí);表示與過去相反的愿望，從句謂語用過去完成時(shí)或|“would (could)+have +過去分詞”；表示

28、將來沒有把握或不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，常用“would (could) +動詞原形” o【例59】 How I wish every familya large house with a beautiful garden !A.has B.had C.will have D.has had【例60】A.seen【例61】I wish Iyou yesterday.B.saw C.had seen D.were to seeIf only hewhat I tell him,but he won，t.A.had done B.would have done C.would do D.has done

29、2.as if/as though引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句或表語從句：表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句謂語用二 般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí):表示與過去事實(shí)相反，用過去完成時(shí):表示將來的可能性不大，用“would (could) +動詞原形” o【彳列62】 It seems as if the sunround the earth since it rises in the east and sets inthe westA.circles B.is circling C.were circling D.has been circling注：若從句所說的內(nèi)容可能為事實(shí)，也可用陳述語氣。【例63 】The last

30、 bus has left.It seems as if weto walk home.A.shall have B.had C.would have D.had had3It s (high / about)time后的定語從句：從句謂語通常用一般過去時(shí)或ushould+動 詞原形” (should不可省)?！纠?4 】 一I still havenJ t thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.一It，s time youit.A.do B.did C.had D. wouldwould rathe詬的賓語從句：通常用二時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿?，用過去完成時(shí)表示過

31、去的愿望?！纠?5 】 George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I d rather he more on its culture.(2010-江蘇)A.focus B.focused C.would focus D.had focused5個(gè)堅(jiān)持” (insist) 兩個(gè)命令(order, command) 三個(gè)“建議” (advise, suggest, propose) 四個(gè)要求” (demand, require, request, ask)后的賓語從句：一 般用should +動詞原形” (sho

32、uld省)?！纠?6 】The judge ordered that the thiefpunished.A.would be B.should be C.was to be D.must be【例67 】Hethat he could finish the job without any help.A.claimed B.required C.demanded D.asked注：動詞insist, suggest后的賓語從句除可用虛擬語氣外，也可用陳述語氣，區(qū)別是：若 從句內(nèi)容尚未成為事實(shí)，用虛擬語氣；從句內(nèi)容已經(jīng)成為事實(shí)，用陳述語氣?！纠?8 】 The young man insisted that henothing wrong andfree.A.did； set B.had done； should be set C.do； be set D.does； would be set【例69】 Jane s pale face suggested that sheill and her parents suggested that shea medical examination.A.be； should have