2023年高考英語復習講練測第15講 閱讀理解七選五（測）（全國通用解析版）

1、2023年高考英語復習講練測第15講閱讀理解七選五（溺）時間：45分鐘 總分值：50分（每題2分） A（2022全國高考真題）Important Things to Know When Dining OutCultural dining etiquette （禮節(jié)）might surprise you with some of its important rules. 1. Knowingsome tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family no matter where you ar

2、e in the world.Chopstick RulesThe way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.2 .Hands or Utensils （餐具）In India and the Middle East, its c

3、onsidered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 3, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may nevertouch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making

4、Requests4. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you dont like theirseasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in variou

5、s countries. 5, the more comfortable youll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.The more friends you make in your lifetimeThe more time you spend in any given countryMexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensilsDont get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurantIts

6、a good sign fbr the chef if you make a mess around your plateNever stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use themIt may seem like a simple request to ask fbr salt and pepper at a meal【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些外出就餐時要知道的一些重要事情。D【解析】根據(jù)文章標題“Important Things to Know When Dining Out （外出就餐時要知道

7、的重要事情）”可 知，本文主要介紹的是外出就餐時應該知道的重要事情。由此可知，D項“Dont get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant （不要在餐館犯尷尬的錯誤）”符合語境，其中“at a restaurant”對應標題中 的When Dining Out”,同時引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family 一 no matter where you are in the wor

8、ld.（知道一些技巧將有助于確保你和朋友或家人一起享 受一頓愉快的晚餐無論你在世界的哪個地方）。應選D。F【解析】根據(jù)本段小標題“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要講述的是使用筷子的規(guī)那么。根據(jù)上文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.（當你在吃的間隙把它們放下來的時候，一定要把它們放在一起，這樣它們就和你面前的桌子 邊緣平行了）”可知，此處講述了正確使用筷

9、子的方式。由此可知，F(xiàn) Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them （不要把它們筆直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它們時交叉放置）”講述的 也是使用筷子時的考前須知，符合此處語境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。應選F。C【解析】根據(jù)本段小標題“Hands or Utensils （餐具）”可知，本段主要講述的是手和餐具的問題。根據(jù) 上文“In India and the Middle East, its considered very rude to eat with your

10、left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.（在印度和中東，用左手吃飯被認為是非常不禮貌的。法國人希望你每 只手拿一個餐具吃飯）”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands （相反更愿意使用他們的雙手）”可知，此處 在講述不同國家就餐時習慣使用哪只手的問題。由此可知，C項“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils （墨西哥人認為用餐具吃飯是不合適的廣符合語境，與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。應選

11、C。G【解析】根據(jù)本段小標題“Making Requests”可知，本段主要講述的是用餐時提請求的問題。根據(jù)下 文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you dont like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.（在葡萄牙，這將是一個嚴重的錯誤，因為這 向廚師說明你不喜歡他們的調(diào)味技巧。同樣，在意大利，永遠不要要求在食物中添加額

12、外的奶酪）”可推知， 在一些國家，用餐時提出要求是很無禮的。由此可知，G項“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal （吃飯時要鹽和胡椒看似很簡單）”符合此處語境，其中“request”是關(guān)鍵詞，說明，在用餐時 提出一些我們看來很平常的要求在某些國家是無禮的。應選GoB 解析根據(jù)下文“the more comfortable youll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.（你就會對 它的外國文化習俗感到越舒服廠可推知，此處指在一個國家

13、待得越久，就會越習慣當?shù)亓曀?，且此處是“the+ 比擬級，the+比擬級”結(jié)構(gòu)，B項“The more time you spend in any given country （你在某個國家待的時間越長）” 符合文意，引出下文。應選B。B（2022全國高考真題）Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain （保持）long-distance friendships.Set a regular dateLong-lasting friendships sha

14、re the characteristic that both sides equally contact （聯(lián)系）and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 6.More isnt always merrierMake sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method wo

15、rks best fbr you both. 7. There are alternatives to constant written communication,such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.Practise empathy （共情）8. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on thefriend who has moved. The one in the new

16、environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.9Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary t

17、hat keeps track of friends, birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.Dont rely on technology alone0, but long-distance friendships - even close ones - may require more conscious effort to sustain.Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend fa

18、ce-to-face time together whenever possible.A. Remember important dates B Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful fbr you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It

19、 is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了五種維系異地友誼的方法。D【解析】JlWith busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. （平日繁忙，很難抽出 時間打 。）講的是雙方都很忙碌，很難有時間給對方打 ，D項“盡量找個雙方都有空的時間去打 ，并堅持下去給出了解決沒時間

20、打 這個問題的方法，符合題意。應選D項。E【解析】上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.（確保你已經(jīng)和你的朋友溝通過，了解你們想要聯(lián)系 的頻率，以及哪種方法對你們雙方都最有效。）提到異地朋友之間要商量溝通方式，E項“朋友需要談?wù)撍?們喜歡的交流方式”承接上文，進一步提出對交流的方法的溝通，下文“There are alternatives t

21、o constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.（除 了 持續(xù)的文字交流，還有其 他選擇，比方留下語音信息或進行群聊。）對E項中的“methods of communicatiorT進行了舉例說明，上下 文語意連貫。應選E項。G【解析】下文The fHend who is remaining”（留下來的朋友）和The one in the new environment”（在新 環(huán)境中的那個）提到朋友的兩個不同處境，G項“你可能是朋友中離開的那一方，也可能是被留下的那

22、一 方指出了異地友誼中分為離開的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”分別對應下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining,所以 G 項符合題意。 應選G項。A【解析】分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處的內(nèi)容是維系異地友誼的第四個方法，是第五段的小標題。下文 Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.（周年紀念日和生日對于

23、異 地友誼而言是非常重要的。）講的是諸如周年紀念日和生日等重要的日子對于維系異地友誼是非常重要的, 由此推知，這段對應的維系異地友誼的方法是A項“記得重要的日子，所以A項符合題意。應選A項。F【解析】設(shè)空處所在句子的后半句but long-distance friendships 一 even close ones 一 may require more conscious effort to sustain.（但是異地友誼甚至是關(guān)系親密的友誼 可能需要更加自覺地去維系。） 講的是我們要更加自覺地維系異地友誼，其中“but”說明后半句與設(shè)空處形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而F項“朋友之間很容 易通過社交媒體產(chǎn)生一種

24、聯(lián)結(jié)感”講的是可以通過社交媒體這種方式很容易與朋友產(chǎn)生聯(lián)結(jié)，與后半句 require more conscious effort to sustain”形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而且其中的social media”呼應了該段的小標題Dont rely on technology alone”（不要僅僅依賴技術(shù)）中的“technology”。應選F項。C（2021 全國高考真題）If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very m

25、uch. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. 1213 Look at t

26、he table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.If you decide that you need to read the whole book, dec

27、ide how much you can read at a time. 14 A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.Always keep a pencil and paper

28、beside you. 15 Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You dont have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .Stop to have a rest now and then.Spend a few minutes looking t

29、hrough the book.This depends on the type of book you are reading.Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.Make a note of any page which is of special importance.You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.【語篇解讀】這是一

30、篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些幫助提高閱讀速度的建議。D 解析根據(jù)上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的閱讀是小說或雜志，那么你閱讀的速度可能

31、并不重 要。但是，如果你必須大量閱讀來學習，你就會感激能夠更快地閱讀的好處。）”可知，接下來要介紹提 高閱讀速度的方法。D項：Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.（這里有一些幫助提高閱讀 速度的建議。）符合語境。應選D。G 【解析】根據(jù)本段主題句“Befbre you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.（在你翻開書 之前，確保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要說明要給自己創(chuàng)造舒適的閱讀環(huán)境。G項：Keep the room cool rather than wa

32、rm to avoid feeling sleepy.（保持房間涼爽而不是溫暖以防止困倦。）符合語境。應選G。B【解析】空處為段落主題句。根據(jù)下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查看目錄、前言、章節(jié)標題等。）”可知，本段主要講述在閱讀一本書之前要先瀏覽一下大致內(nèi)容。B 項：Spend a few minutes looking through the book.（花幾分鐘瀏覽一下這本書。）符合語境。應選B。C解析根據(jù)上文“If you decide that you need to rea

33、d the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.（如果你決定要讀完整本書，決定一下你一次能讀多少。）”和下文“A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事實的歷史 書比科學題材的書更容易閱讀。）”可知，看書時間的長短取決于書的類型。C項：This depends on the type of book you ar

34、e reading.（這取決于你讀的書的類型。）符合語境。應選C。E【解析】根據(jù)段落主題句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.（總是在身邊放一支鉛筆和一張 紙。）可知，本段強調(diào)要隨時注意記筆記。E 項：Make a note of any page which is of special importance.（把 任何有特別重要的一頁都記下來。）符合語境。應選E。D（2021 北京高考真題）Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for manypeople. 16

35、The mental health benefits from music cant be argued. Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes.17 However, fbr the same reason, music can be very beneficial if one is in pain. By distracting （分 心）the mind from the pain, music, people say, can lower stress and

36、 anxiety levels. This, of course, can lead to less pain.Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed. 18 While the validity of the idea is still being assessed, the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure. Similarly, according to researchers, listening to just

37、 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels, through the lowering of stress and anxiety.When it comes to heart health, there is speculation （推測）that its not the style of music, but rather the tempo that makes it so good fbr your heart health. In one European study, p

38、articipants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure. 9 On the other hand, when the music slowed, the participants1 stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit.20 But there is a whole range of other health i

39、ssues that turning up the radio could be beneficial fbr, which is what makes music so valuable.This feeling can also result in many other health problems.Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud.This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing.They say it can p

40、lay a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep.The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive.It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety.Interestingly, the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文

41、，主要講的是音樂對身體的好處。F【解析】空格后說“The mental health benefits from music can*t be argued”（音樂對心理健康的益處是毋 庸置疑的），F(xiàn) 選項 It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety 中 的 stress and anxiety照應了 mental health benefits,因此F選項切合題意，應選F。B【解析】 空格后說“However, for the same reason, music can

42、be very beneficial if one is in pain”（然而， 出于同樣的原因，當一個人處于痛苦中時丁音樂是非常有益的），However表轉(zhuǎn)折，因此空格處為對音樂 的負面評價，B 選項 Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud 中的 harmful 就是負面評價， 因此B選項切合題意，應選B。D【解析】空格前說“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed”（許多人喜歡 在晚上睡覺前聽些輕松的音樂），D

43、 選項 They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep 中的sleep和going to bed相呼應，因此D選項切合題意，應選D。G【用軍析】 空格前說“In one European study, participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure”（在歐洲的一項研究中，參與者聽音樂，研究人員監(jiān)測他們的心率和血壓）， G 選項 Interestingly, th

44、e more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were 中的 heart rates 和前面 的heart rates相照應，因此G選項切合題意，應選G。E 【解析】 空格后說“But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for, which is what makes music so valuable （但是，開著收音機還可以對一系列其他的健康問題 有益，這就是音樂如此有

45、價值的原因），因此本段講的是音樂對身體總的好處，E選項The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive講的是音樂對整體健康的影響是非常令人印象深刻的，因此 E選項切合題意，應選E。E（2021 ,全國高考真題）Youfve got mail.and ifs a postcardPaulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored p

46、icture of Romes Colosseum. Or Africas Victoria Falls. Or Chinas Great Wall. 21nI often send postcards to family and friends. he says to China Daily, Hbut you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it 22 Seeking otherlike-minde

47、d souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulos hunch （直覺）paid off.Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing , a social network that has g

48、rown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. 23 Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.Language is certainly a harrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyon

49、e can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn*t work if one doesnft understand it.24 So a commonlanguage is required and in postcrossing thats English since it*s widely spoken.“Many people in China have limited exposure to English. 25 T

50、hat said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing,n Paulo says.And that*s totally fineThat makes it extra hard to learn and practice itHe likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobbyM

51、any love to make a connection with someone from across the world.On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand

52、-written note from someone far away.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了 Paulo Magalhaes創(chuàng)立postcrossing 的過程及其現(xiàn)狀。Paulo Magalhaes非常喜歡明信片但是苦于身邊沒有與他志趣相投的人，于是他開始從網(wǎng)上尋求志同道合的人， 因而創(chuàng)立了 postcrossing 。隨著公司在全球不斷壯大，語言成為溝通的主要障礙，后來英語被選為共同 語言方便大家交流。G【解析】 上文“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored image of Romefs Colosseum. Or Afric