初一英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié)復(fù)習(xí)版

1、初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) 初一英語語法學(xué)問點(diǎn)總結(jié)復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)一教學(xué)任務(wù) 一, 重點(diǎn)語法 1. 動(dòng)詞 be（ am,is,are）的用法： be 動(dòng)詞包括 “ am” , “ is”三, 種“形a式 re；” 第一人稱單數(shù) I 協(xié)作 am 來用；句型解析 析： I am+ 例句： I am Snoopy. I am ten years old.I am a student. I am a boy. 其次人稱 You協(xié)作 are 使用；句型解析： You are+ 例句： You are my good friend. You are a good teacher. You are b

2、eautiful 第三人稱單數(shù) He or She or It協(xié)作 is 使用；句型解析： SheHe, It is + 例句： She is a good girl. She is so tall. She is short. 人稱復(fù)數(shù) we /you/they協(xié)作 are 使用；句型解析： We You, They are + 例句 We are in Class 5,Grade 7. They are my friends. You are good students. 用法口訣 ： 我 I 用 am, 你 you 用 are, is 跟著他 he,她 she,它 it ；單數(shù)名詞用 i

3、s,復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用 are；變否定,更 簡(jiǎn)潔, be 后 not 加上去；變疑問,往前提,句末問號(hào)莫丟棄；仍有一條須留意,句首大寫莫遺忘； 對(duì)應(yīng)練習(xí)： 一 . 用括號(hào)中適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空； - 1 - 第 1 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) 1. I am, are, is from Australia. 2. She am, are, is a student. 3. Jane and Tom am, is, are my friends. 4. My parents am, is, are very busy every day. 5. Are, Is, Do, Does

4、 there a Chinese school in New York. 6. Be, Are, Were, Was they excited when he heard the news. 7. There be some glasses on it. 8. If he be free tomorrow, he will go with us. 一,用 be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. I a boy. you a boy. No, I not. 2. The girl Jacks sister. 3. The dog tall and fat. 4. The man with big eye

5、s a teacher. 5. your brother in the classroom. 6. Where your mother. She at home. 7. How your father. 8. Mike and Liu Tao at school. 9. Whose dress this. 10. Whose socks they. 11. That my red skirt. 12. Who I. jeans on the desk. a scarf for you. 15. Here some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves f

6、or Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk for me. 19. Some tea in the glass. 20. Gao shans shirt over there. 其次課時(shí)（ 1）英語人稱代詞和物主代詞 一,人稱代詞 表示 “我 ”, “你”,“他”,“她”,“它 ”,“我們 ”,“你們 ”,“他們 ”的詞,叫做人稱代詞；人稱代詞有人稱,數(shù) 和格的變化,見下表： 人稱 主格 單數(shù) 賓格 主格 復(fù)數(shù) 賓格 第一人稱 I meweus其次人稱 youyouyou you 第三人

7、稱 hehimthey them sheherit it - 2 - 第 2 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) 人稱代詞主格：作主語,表示誰怎么樣了,干什么了； I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too. We/You/They are students. 人稱代詞賓格作賓語,表示動(dòng) 作行為的對(duì)象； Give it to me. Letgsolet=sletus 二,物主代詞 表示全部關(guān)系的代詞叫做物主代詞, 也可叫做代詞全部格； 物主代詞分 形容詞性物主代詞 和名詞性物主代 詞二種,其人稱和數(shù)的變化見下

8、表； 數(shù) 第一 其次 單數(shù) 第三 its 第一 人稱 其次人稱 復(fù)數(shù) 人稱 第三 類別 人稱 人稱 人稱 人稱 形容詞性物主 my your his her our your their 代詞 名詞性物主代詞 漢語 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 形容詞性物主代詞 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我們的 你們的 他（她,它）們的 my/your/his/her/its/our/their+ 名詞 而名詞性物主代詞就相當(dāng)于形容詞性物主代詞 Is this your book. No,it isn ,tit hsersher book This p

9、en is mine. +名詞 ,故其后不必加名詞 ；如： 代詞練習(xí)（一） 一,選出括號(hào)中正確的詞,在正確的詞上打勾； 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （ your / you）. 3. （He / His）name is Mark. 4. 6. What（sshe / her）name. Are（ your / you）Miss Li. 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 7. （I/ My） am Ben. 8. （She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank （ your / you）. 1

10、0. How old is （ he / his） 二,用所給代詞的正確形式填空； 1. These are he brothers. 2. That is she sister. 3. Lily is Lucy sister. 4. Tom, this is me cousin, Mary. 5. Now her parent are in America. 6. Those child are I father stusdents. 7. Do you know it name. 8. Mike and Tom be friends. 9. Thanks for helping I . 1

11、0. Ann 安mother is we teacher. 三,單項(xiàng)挑選； （ ）1. My family a big family. My family all here. - 3 - 第 3 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is D. he is （ ）2. This is . A. a picture of family B. a picture of my family C. a family psicture D. a family of my picture （ ）3. Le

12、t s good friends. A. be B. are C. is D. am （ ）4. Is she your aunt. Yes, . A. shes B. her is C. she is （ ）5. Are coats yours. Yes, they are . A. they B. these C. this D. there （ ）6. Is that uncle. No, it isn t A. he B. she C. her D. hers （ ）7. Mrs. Green is grandmother. A. Jim and Kate B. Jim and Kat

13、e s C. Jim sandKate s D. Jim and Kates （ ）8. Do you know the nameMr. Greensosn.A. in B. of C. on D. or （ ）9. the great photo of your family. A. thank for B. Thanks for C. Thank for D. thanks for （ ）10. Are those your friends. they are . A. Yes, they re B. No, C. Yes, they are D. Yes, those are 代詞練習(xí)（

14、二） 一,用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空 1We like he, his , him very much. a little new words in it one, ones. 2 Is this guitar you, your, yours. 3She, Her, Hers name is Li Li. 4Father bought a desk for I, my, me, mine. 5It, Its, Its is very cold today. 6 Is this your book, Mike. Yes , we, you, they are.7Are you and Tom class

15、mates. Yes, we, you ,they are. 8Each of the students have, has a pen pal. 9He has a dog. I want to have it, one ,too. 10 Her parents are both, all ,either teachers. 11The text is easy for you .There are few, a few ,little, 12 I want some, any bananas. Give me these big 二,挑選正確的答案 1 Is this book. D yo

16、ur A you B I Cshe 2 Its a bird. name is Polly. - 4 - 第 4 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) A Its 3Whats BIts a C His . D It that . jeep.A its D its B Its C Its 4Whats that in English. A Its egg 5Whose cat B Thats egg CIts a egg DIts an egg is this . Is it yours. Is it awhite . A cats B one C ones D cats

17、6Please give the book to . A I Bme Cmy Dmine 7skirt is yours. A Whose 8is BWhere C How DWhich this pen . Its Wang Fangs. A Whos 9Kate andB Whose CWhere DWhich Mike do homework in the evening.A ones B his C her D their 10 There isnt water in the bottle. A any B some Cno Da 課時(shí)二（ 2）簡(jiǎn)潔句 一 陳述句 1, 概念：說明一個(gè)

18、事實(shí)或是陳述說話人的看法的句子,句末用句號(hào)； 2, 分類：陳述句依據(jù)其語法結(jié)構(gòu),可大體分為 又可分為確定陳述句和否定陳述句 （ 1） “主語 +謂語 ”結(jié)構(gòu) 確定陳述句 “主語 +謂語 ”和 “主語 +連系動(dòng)詞 +表語 ”兩種；而從語氣的角度分, I like that book. 我寵愛那本書； （陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)） I really agree. 我的確同意； （陳述一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)） 否定陳述句 I did not buy the TV. 我沒有買那個(gè)電視； （陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)） （ 2）主語 +連系動(dòng)詞 +表語結(jié)構(gòu) 確定陳述名 - 5 - 第 5 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù)

19、習(xí) The film is boring . 這部電影沒意思； （陳述觀點(diǎn)） 否定陳述句 Smoking is not good for your health. 抽煙對(duì)你的健康沒有好處； （陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)） 3, 陳述句的否定結(jié)構(gòu)： 陳述句的否定式主要用兩種結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)： （ 1）句子的謂語動(dòng)詞為 be , have 或者謂語動(dòng)詞有助動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),其否定結(jié)構(gòu)為： 主語 +謂語動(dòng)詞 /助動(dòng)詞 /情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + not + 其他成分 I am not a teacher. 我不是老師； We have not havent any books on animals. 我們沒有任何有關(guān)動(dòng)物方面的書；

20、 The children are not arent playing in the playground. He will not wont come. 他不會(huì)來； 孩子們沒在操場(chǎng)上玩； We must not mustnt forget the past. 我們不能遺忘過去； It could not couldnt be lost. 它不行能丟的； +do does,did （ 2） 當(dāng)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞是 do 即行為動(dòng)詞 ,而且沒有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),其否定結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語 + not + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他成分 You do not dont come here every day . 你

21、沒有每天都來這里； He does not doesnt teach this class . 他不教這個(gè)班； They did notdidnt watch TV last night . 昨晚他們沒看電視； 留意：陳述句的語調(diào)一般用降調(diào)；但在表示疑問的語氣時(shí),用升調(diào),在書面上要用問號(hào)來表示； You really want to go to Hong Kong . 你真的想去香港嗎？ 這句話表示的是一種疑問,只不過是通過陳述的語序和疑問的語氣來表達(dá)的 二 疑問句 疑問句是用來提出疑問的句子,句末用問號(hào) “？ ”；?？嫉囊蓡柧溆兴念?即：一般疑問句,特殊疑問句,選 - 6 - 第 6 頁,共

22、 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) 擇疑問句,反意疑問句； 第一節(jié) 一般疑問句 一般疑問句通常需要用 yes 或 no 來回答,所以又叫做 “是非疑問句 ”；在讀這種句子時(shí) 要用升調(diào)；一般疑問句主要有以下幾種類型： 1, “ be +主語 + 表語 ”結(jié)構(gòu) Are you sleepy . 你困了嗎？ Yes, I am . 是的,我困了； 3, “情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 主語言 + 行為動(dòng)詞（或 be） ”結(jié)構(gòu) May/Can I use the telephone. 我能用這部電話嗎？ Yes, you can. 是的,可以； 5, “助動(dòng)詞（ do, does,did） + 主語

23、+ 行為動(dòng)詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu) Do you like swimming in summer. 你寵愛夏天游泳嗎？ No, I dont . 不,我不寵愛； 難點(diǎn)提示 回答否定性一般疑問句時(shí),要在 Yes 后面用確定結(jié)構(gòu),表示確定；在 No 后面用否定結(jié)構(gòu),表示否定；留意在說 法上正好與漢語習(xí)慣相反； 訣竅是在回答的時(shí)候, 只要把它當(dāng)成沒有加否定形式的一般一般疑問句看待就可以了； 留意下面例句的回答和它的意思； Is he not your elder brother. 他不是你的哥哥嗎？ Yes, he is . 不,他是（我的哥哥） ；No, he is not. 是的,他不是（我的哥哥） ； Is

24、nt she very clever. 她莫非不是很聰慧嗎？ Yes, she is. 不,她很聰慧； No, she is not . 是,她不聰慧； 其次節(jié) 特殊疑問句 一,特殊疑問句是用來提出來特定問題的疑問句,要求聽到問題的人針對(duì)特定情形來做具體的回答,不能像一般 - 7 - 第 7 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) 疑問句一樣簡(jiǎn)潔地用 Yes 或 No 來回答,特殊疑問句要用降調(diào)來讀； 二,特殊疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)： 特殊疑問詞 + 一般疑問句 Who do English homework in the evening. 誰晚上做英語家庭作業(yè)？ What do yo

25、u do in the evening. 你晚上做什么？ What homework do you do in the evening. 你晚上做什么家庭作業(yè)？ When do you do English homework. 你什么時(shí)候做英語家庭作業(yè)？ 三,留意： 對(duì)人提問時(shí) who“誰 ” 對(duì)所屬（誰的）提問用 whose誰“的 ” 對(duì)哪一個(gè)提問用 which 哪“一個(gè) ” 對(duì)時(shí)間提問用 when“什么時(shí)候 ”或 what time 幾點(diǎn)“” 對(duì)物體提問用 what什“么 ” 對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問用 where哪“里 ” 對(duì)緣由提問用 why“為什么 ” 對(duì)方式提問用 how“怎么樣 ” 對(duì)數(shù)量提問

26、用 howmany多“少 ”（用于可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)）或 how much 多“少 ”（用于不行數(shù)名詞） 四,難點(diǎn)提示 1, 以 why 開頭的特殊疑問句否定形式常用于表示建議, 請(qǐng)求等； Why dont you have a try. 你為什么不試試呢？ 2, 特殊疑問句常用到一些縮略形式,在平常學(xué)習(xí)中要留意習(xí)慣這些用法； I dont want to go there. How about you. 我不想去那兒,你呢？ But what else. 可是仍有什么呢？ 把以下句子變成否定句： - 8 - 第 8 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) 1. I am list

27、ening to music. 2. Mike is a student. 3Sarah can clean the classroom. 4. They are in the zoo. 5. There are some flowers in the vase. 6. This is my sister. 7. We are sweeping the floor. 8. We need some masks. 9. They like making the puppet. 10. Su Hai and Su Yang live in a new house. 11. I put a book

28、 on my head. 12. They sing “ In the classroom ” together. 13. We play basketball on Sundays. 14. Tom likes listening to music 確定句改一般疑問句的方法確定句改一般疑問句的方法確定句改一般疑問句的方法確定句改一般疑問句的 方法 三步法 1. 有 be 動(dòng)詞 /情態(tài)動(dòng)詞： be 動(dòng)詞 /情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到句首,其余照抄, some 改成 any, my 改成 your）句末用問號(hào)； 2. 無 be 動(dòng)詞 /情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,在句首加 Do/Does/Did ,其余照抄, some 改成

29、any, my 改成 your ）句末用問號(hào)； 3. 加 Does,did 的句子留意, 句子動(dòng)詞要變成原型； 例如： 陳述句 : They are in the park. He can play the guitar. 一 般疑問句 : Are they in the park. Can he play the guitar. 陳述句 : I like the ducks. He likes the dogs. 一般疑問句： Do you like the ducks. Does he like the dogs. 把以下句子變成一般疑問句 1. I am listening to mus

30、ic. 2. Mike is a student. 3. Sarah can clean the classroom. 4. They are in the zoo. 5. There are some flowers in the vase. 6. This is my sister. 7. We are sweeping the floor. 8. We need some masks. 9. They like making the puppet. 10. Su Hai and Su Yang live in a new house. 11. I put a book on my hea

31、d. - 9 - 第 9 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) 12. They sing “ In the classroom ” together. 13. We play basketball on Sundays. 14. Tom likes listening to music 關(guān)于特殊疑問詞 問人（誰） who 地點(diǎn)（何地） where 時(shí)間（何時(shí)） when,what time 東西 /職業(yè) / 事物 什么 what 方式方法程序 身體（怎樣） how 年齡 how old . 怎么樣（提建議） How about 多少錢 How much 誰的 whose

32、book 問星期 what day 問日期 what date 問數(shù)量多少 可數(shù)名 詞 How many people 問數(shù)量（不行數(shù)名詞） How much water 顏色 what color 班級(jí) what class 年級(jí) what grade 時(shí) 間 what time 哪一個(gè) which which class 1,依據(jù)劃線部分確定是什么疑問詞 , 后面寫原句變成的一般疑問句,句末問號(hào)； 2, how many 后必需先寫物品,再寫一般疑問句等； 1, A: 2, A: 3, A: is the boy in blue. B:He s Mike. pen is it. B:It

33、s mine. is the diary. B:It s under the chair. 4, A: is the Chirstmas Day. B: It s on the 25th of December. 5, A: 6, A: 7, A: 8, A: 9, A: 12. A: 13, A: are the earphones. B:They are 25 yuan. is the cup. B:It s blue. is it today. B:It s Sunday. was it yesterday. B: It was the 13th of October. this red

34、 one. B:It s beautiful. is your cousin. B: He s 15 years old. do you have dinner. B: At 6 o clock 綜合練習(xí) - 10 - 第 10 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) 1. The children have a good time in the park. 否定句： 一般疑問句： 2. There is only one problem. 否定句： 一般疑問句： 確定 /否定回答： 7.She has some bread for lunch today. 否定句： 一般疑

35、問句： 確定 /否定回答：. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換題 1. The girl is singing in the classroom. 改為否定句） 改為一般疑問句 5. I can speak English. 改為一般疑問句） 6. I am writing now. 同上） 7. I have a desk and a chair.用 He 做主語改寫句子） 8. She is buying some food in the supermarket. （改為否定句） 10. Does she like growing flowers. （賜予否定回答） 課時(shí)三 have 作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 1.表示 “有

36、”的意思 Look, I have wings, just like you. He had fair hair and blue eyes. 注 1：其否定和疑問形式變化,在美國通常用助動(dòng)詞 do； 注 2：在英國口語中常用 have got 代替 have. Look, can t you see Ive got teeth, too, - 11 - 第 11 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) I havent got any jewelry. 和一些其他名詞連用,表示： 1 一種活動(dòng)； We havenoclassesonSunday（. 上課） they reg

37、oing to haveavolleyball match（. 舉辦競(jìng)賽） Are we going to have a meeting this week. （開會(huì)） We are going to have a talk this afternoon. （聽報(bào)告） 2 患?。?I have got a headache. I have a bad cold. 3 發(fā)生的情形； Ive had so many falls that Im black and blue all over. （跌跤） 4 生育； The queen ant may have tens of thousands o

38、f babies in one summer. 3.和一與動(dòng)詞同形的名詞連用,表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作（ Are you going to have a swim. I have a long talk with the teacher. have a由動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化和名詞） 4.haveon sth.或 have sth. on,表示 “穿著 ”, “戴著 ” =to bewearing I noticed he had on bedroom slippers. At the ball Motile had a diamond necklace on. 5.表示 “吃 ”, “喝 ” I wanted to

39、have a cup of tea and some eggs. Does she have lunch at home. 6.組成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)即 “ have賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語 ” 1 不加 to 的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語 have sb. do sth.,表示讓,叫某人做某事； The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 注：否定結(jié)構(gòu)表示 “不能讓 ”或 “從未有人 ” . We wont have you blame it on others. She had never had anybody speak to her that

40、 way before. - 12 - 第 12 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) 2 現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語 have sb.sth.doing ,表示讓（使）某人做某事； the two men had their lights burning all night long . 3 過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語 have sb. sth.done,表示： 使（讓,請(qǐng)）別人作某事,表示的動(dòng)作是別人做的； Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up. he should have new clothes made of th

41、is splendid cloth for the coming great procession. 遭受到某事； Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machine. 課時(shí)三英語名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)章 一,絕大多數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,是在該詞末尾加上后輟 -s； 讀音變化：結(jié)尾是清輔音讀 s,結(jié)尾是濁輔音或元音讀 z ； 例： friend friends; cat cats; style styles; sport sports; piece pieces 二,凡是以 s, z,

42、x,ch, sh 結(jié)尾的詞,在該詞末尾加上后輟 -es 構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)； 讀音變化：統(tǒng)一加讀 iz ； 例： bus buses; quiz quizzes; fox foxes; match matches; flash flashes 三,以輔音字母 +y 結(jié)尾的名詞,將 y 轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?i,再加 -es； 讀音變化：加讀 z ； 例： candy candies; daisy daisies; fairy fairies; lady ladies; story stories 四,以 -o 結(jié)尾的名詞,假如不是外來詞或縮寫,就加 讀音變化：加讀 z ； -es,否就加 -s 構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)； 例： to

43、mato tomatoes; potato potatoes; torpedo torpedoes; bingo bingoes 反例： silo silos; piano pianos（外來詞） ; photo photos; macro macros（縮寫詞） 五,以 -f 或 -fe 結(jié)尾的名詞,多為將 -f 或-fe 轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?-ves,但有例外； 讀音變化：尾音 f 改讀 vz ； 例： knife knives; life lives; leaf leaves; staff staves; scarf scarves - 13 - 第 13 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí)

44、點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) 反例： roof roofs 六,以 -us 結(jié)尾的名詞（多為外來詞） ,通常將 -us 轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?-i 構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)； 讀音變化：尾音 Es 改讀 ai ,其中 kEs 要改讀為 sai ,gEs 要改讀為 dVai ； 例： fungus fungi; abacus abaci; focus foci; cactus cacti; cestus cesti 七,以 -is 結(jié)尾的名詞,通常將 -is 轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?-es； 讀音變化：尾音 is 改讀 i:z ； 例： axis axes; basis bases; narisnares; hypothesis hypotheses;

45、restis restes 八,以 -ix 結(jié)尾的名詞,通常將 -ix 轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?-ices,但有例外； 讀音變化：尾音 iks 改讀 isi:z ； 例： matrix matrices; directrix directrices; calix calices; appendix appendices 反例： affix affixes 九,以 -um 結(jié)尾的名詞,將 -um 轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?-a； 讀音變化：去掉鼻尾音； 例： forum fora; stadium stadia; aquarium aquaria; datum data; vacuum vacua 十,以 -a 結(jié)尾的名詞,在該

46、詞末尾加上后輟 -e； 讀音變化：尾音 E 改讀 i: ； 例： larva larvae; formula formulae; ala alae; media mediae; hydra hydrae 十一,部分單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式不變； 讀音變化：保持原音； 例： fish fish; sheep sheep; cattle cattle; deer deer; salmon salmon 十二,極少數(shù)單詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)]有任何規(guī)律； 讀音變化：沒有規(guī)律； 例： man men; woman women; child children; person people; ox oxen 十三,一些單數(shù)

47、詞得加 en 才能變成復(fù)數(shù)詞： - 14 - 第 14 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) 例： ox oxen; child children; brother brethren 十四,一些單數(shù)詞得改頭換面一番 ,才能變成復(fù)數(shù)詞 例： analysisanalyses 分析 ; basis bases 基礎(chǔ) ; datum data 數(shù)據(jù) ; foot feet; formula formulae/formulas 公式 ; goose geese; louse lice 虱子 ; manmen mouse mice; medium media/mediums 媒介 ;

48、 memorandum memoranda/memorandums 備忘錄 ; parenthesis parentheses 圓括號(hào) ; phenomenonphenomena 現(xiàn)象 ; radius radii 半徑 tooth teeth; woman women 十五,有些名詞是單數(shù),復(fù)數(shù)不分的 例： deer; fish; cannon; sheep; salmon 鮭魚 ; trout 鱒魚 十六,一些名詞雖分單數(shù),復(fù)數(shù),但顯現(xiàn)次數(shù)多的總是單數(shù)詞 例： abscence; clothing; film; help; furniture traffic 交通 家具 ; machine

49、ry 機(jī)械 ; news; scenery 風(fēng)景 ; sugar; 十七,另一些名詞就以復(fù)數(shù)詞顯現(xiàn)的機(jī)會(huì)較多 例： bellows 風(fēng)箱 ; clothes; police; shorts 短褲 ; scissors 剪刀 ; spectacles 眼鏡 ; shears 大剪刀 trousers 長褲 ; wages 工資 十八, compound nouns,這類復(fù)數(shù)詞是以主要的名詞來表示 例： daughter-in-law daughters-in-law 媳婦 ; father-in-law fathers-in-law 岳父 man-of-war men-of-war 兵艦 ; m

50、aid-servant maid-servants step-son step-sons 晚子 ; son-in-law sons-in-law 十九,如表達(dá)具體數(shù)目,要借助數(shù)量詞 例： pair 對(duì),雙 ; suit 套; a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers 二十,另外仍有一些名詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式有時(shí)可表示特殊意思, 例： goods 貨物, waters 水域, fishes（各種）魚 - 15 - 第 15 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) 二十一,除人民幣元,角,特殊,美元,英鎊,法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式； 例： a doll

51、ar, two dollars; a meter, two meters 以 O 結(jié)尾的詞,許多加 es 構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù),特殊是一些常用詞如： heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,echoes,tornadoes,torpedoes,dominoes,vetoes,mosquitoes,Negroes,mangoes,buffaloes,volcanoes 但下面幾類詞只加 s：1.以“元音 +o”或“ oo”結(jié)尾的詞 如 :videos,radios,studios,folios,oratorios,embryos,zoos,bamboos,kangaroos,taboos 2.一些

52、外來詞,特殊是音樂方面的詞,如： pianos,solos,concertos,tobaccos,mottos,cellos 3.一些縮寫詞和專出名詞,如： kilos,photos,memos,micros,Eskimos,Filipnos 有個(gè)別詞加兩種詞尾都可以,如： archipelagoes,haloes,cargoes英）, cargos美） 名詞由單數(shù)變成復(fù)數(shù)的練習(xí) 寫出以下名詞復(fù)數(shù) leaf puppy box knife fly fox bus bench brush kiss church dish ruler peach glass lady pencil boy zoo

53、 man roof sheep knife key story watch bamboo city family day apple eraser speech thief mouse fish goose people ox Chinese deer foot child tooth guy hero spy boss monkey city goat radio horse dog 用所給的單詞的復(fù)數(shù)的正確形式填空： 1There are so many wolfin the forest. 2There are three chair in the classroom. 3These t

54、omato are red. 4 hero are great. 5My brother looks after two baby 6There are some deer eating the grass. 7My father likes to eat potato. 8Chinese peoplelike to eat noodles. 9I have a lot of toy in my bedroom. 10I help my mother wash dish in the kitchen. 11I have two pencil-box. 12There are some busi

55、n the street. 13Peter has eight foot. 14Linda has three tooth. 15There are some child in the garden. - 16 - 第 16 頁,共 118 頁初 一 英 語 知 識(shí) 點(diǎn) 總 復(fù) 習(xí) 16Michael likes the mouse. 17There are some goosein the river. 18My uncle and father are man. 19Tom and King are boy. 20Linda has three tooth. 選出正確形式 1 I can

56、see three in the zoo. A monkeys B monkeys C monkey 2.The pig has four . A. foot B. feet C. foots 3.My two brothers are both . A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen 4.There are four in the class. A. Japanese B. Japaneses C. Japan 5.I can see ten in the picture. A. sheep B. dog C. pig has three . A.

57、 boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches 7.C an you see on the plate. A. breadB. breads C. breades 8.The girl often brushes her before she goes to bed. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth 9.Mr Black often drink some .A. milk B. milks 10.There are some on the floor. A. child B. water C. books 11. will le

58、arn English. A. Woman B. Women C. Man 12.Lucy will show us some new of hers. A. photo B. photos C. photoes 13. I drank two . A. bottles of orange B. bottle of orange C. bottles of oranges 14.The cat eats two last night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse . 15.I need a pen and some . A. books B. desk C. chai

59、r 16 Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the A. rooms number B. Room number C. Room s numberD. Room numbers 17. The newly-built library is a building. s A. five-storey B. five storeys C. five- storey sD. five storeys 18. - Whose umbrella is it. - It s . A. someb

60、odyelse s B. Somebody else Ds. Somebody s else C. Somebody s else 19. I feel terribly hot, What s the . A. temperature of room B. Room s temperature C. Room temperature D. Temperature of room s 20. will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas. A. The Evens B. The EvensC. The Evenses