新編大學(xué)實(shí)用英語的課件

1、UNIT 8 NaturePART 1 Listening and Speaking Listening and SpeakingPART 2 Reading Text A Raindrop, Snowflake Text B What Can You Do About Global Warming Text C TV Forecast Plays the Hero PART 3 Grammar 狀語從句(Adverbial Clauses)PART 4 Translation 復(fù)習(xí)（Revision） PART 5 Writing E-mails PART 6 Enjoy Yourself

2、The Day After TomorrowObjectivestalk about weather in simple English.use sentence structures in the two texts and summarize the main idea of the passages.use adverbial clauses in given contexts.write an e-mail message in simple English.ObjectivesAfter studying this unit, the students are expected to

3、 be able toWater cycleMeteorologistsHuman behaviors effect on climate changeBackground knowledgeWater cycle The earth has a limited amount of water. That water keeps going around and around and around and around and (well, you get the idea) in what we call the “Water Cycle”. This cycle is made up of

4、 a few main parts:evaporation (and transpiration)condensationprecipitationCollectionBackground knowledgeEvaporation is when the sun heats up water in rivers or lakes or the ocean and turns it into vapor or steam. The water vapor or steam leaves the river, lake or ocean and goes into the air.Condensa

5、tionWater vapor in the air gets cold and changes back into liquid, forming clouds. This iscalled condensation.Precipitationoccurs when so much water has condensed that the air cannot hold it anymore. The clouds get heavy and water falls back to the earth in the form of rain, hail, sleet or snow.Coll

6、ectionWhen water falls back to earth as precipitation, it may fall back in the oceans, lakes or rivers or it may end up on land. When it ends up on land, it will either soak into the earth and become part of the “ground water” that plants and animals use to drink or it may run over the soil and coll

7、ect in the oceans, lakes or rivers where the cycle startsBackground knowledgeMeteorologists A meteorologist is an individual with specialized education who uses scientific principles to explain,understand, observe or forecast the earths atmospheric phenomena and/or how the atmosphere affects theeart

8、h and life on the planet.Background knowledgeTypes of MeteorologistsBroadcast Meteorologists: These folks are the people who interpret and report the weather for television.Research Meteorologists: Many of these scientists work for the National Weather Service or other government agency. NASA, the E

9、nvironmental Protection Agency, and the military.Teachers and Professors: Many people use their knowledge of the atmosphere and meteorology to become educators.Forensic Meteorologists: This type of meteorologist will often investigate claims for insurance companies on past weather or research weathe

10、r for a court of law.Consulting Meteorologists: Large companies now hire meteorologists for consultation workBackground knowledgeClimate Meteorologists: This type of meteorologist looks at long-term weather patterns and data to help predict future climate trends and past climate data.Archive Meteoro

11、logists: Many weather scientists will also be in charge of researching, verifying, and reporting on storms of the past. And the list could go on anBackground knowledgeHuman behaviors effect on climate change Climate change and environmental decline are largely the result of human behavior. These pro

12、blems have accelerated in recent decades as weve consumed ever more scarce resources, including oil, coal, metals, and water, to create ever more products to live in our homes, work in our business, and accumulate things.It took more than 20 years to broadly accept that mankind is causing global war

13、ming with the emission of greenhouse gases. The drastic increase in the emission of CO2 (carbon dioxide) within the last 30 years caused by burning fossil fuels has been identifi ed as the major reason for the change of temperature in the atmosphere.Background knowledgeMore than 80% of the world-wid

14、e energy demand is currently supplied by the fossil fuels coal, oil or gas. It will be impossible to fi nd alternative sources, which could replace fossil fuels in the short or medium term. The energy demand is simply too high.Another issue is the non-renewable characteristic of fossil fuels: It too

15、k nature millions of years to generate these resources, however we will have used them up within the next decades. Alone the shrinking supply will not make it possible to continue as usual for a longer time.The main cause of global warming is our treatment of Nature.The ultimate global warming solut

16、ions is to behave as part of a larger whole. Its your personal decision whether you want to be the cause of global warming.Background knowledge Suggestions for teachers Weather Oral Practice Functional-sentence Bank Culture TipsListening and Speaking Suggestions for teachersListening: Talking about

17、weather is a common in daily conversation. People also use it to break the ice when talking to strangers. Students are familiar to this kind of talk. But their conversation is limited by their vocabulary. Teacher may help students broaden their vocabulary storage about weather efficiently, because t

18、he frequency of words used in weather report is high. Speaking:Firstly help students get familiar with some of the functional sentences used in the conversation on weather. Then lead them to talk about weather, climate and circumstances. Help students learn how to share information and how to chat f

19、reely. Listening and Speaking Listening and Speaking Listening Practice Section A Short ConversationsSection B Situational DialoguesListening and Speaking Directions:You will hear a short conversation in this section. The conversation will be spoken twice. Listen carefully and do the exercises.Task

20、1 Listen to the Conversation 1 and answer the following questions1. Where does the conversation probably take place?It probably takes place at school.2. Where did Natalie go last night?Natalie went to a party last night.3. Why didnt Larry go to the party last night?Larry didnt go because he was ill.

21、4. What did Natalie suggest they do that afternoon?Natalie suggested that they should go out for a walk.5. What was the weather like last winter?It was very cold last winter .Listening and Speaking Listening ScriptNatalie: Hi, Larry! Why didnt you go to the party last night?Larry: Because it was so

22、cold and windy.Natalie: Thats too bad! It was a really good party. Hey, why dont we go for a walk after school thisafternoon, Larry? We can enjoy a lot of sunshine, then.Larry: Go for a walk? But its so cold out.Natalie: Whats the temperature?Larry: About 12Natalie: 12? Thats not cold. Just wait unt

23、il winter.Larry: Why?Natalie: Well it snows a lot and sometimes its very cold. Last winter it was 10 degrees below zerofor almost one month! And it was very dry, too.Larry: That sounds awful!Natalie: It wasnt all that bad. The sun was out almost every dayListening and Speaking Directions:You will he

24、ar two situational dialogues in this section. Each dialogue will be spoken twice.Listen carefully and do the exercises.Task 1 Listen to Dialogue 1 and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1. The conversation took place in a shop. (F)2. Both of the speakers were waiting f

25、or a bus. (T) 3. The girl had been waiting for the bus for about 10 minutes. (T) 4. They were in the city of Detroit. (F)5. They didnt speak well of the weather forecast. (T) Listening and Speaking Listening ScriptLarry met Natalie on the way to work. They were talking about the weather report that

26、day.Natalie: Oh, I wish that bus would come! My feet are freezing!Larry: Have you been waiting long?Natalie: It feels like hours but I suppose Ive only been here for ten minutes or so.Larry: Thats long enough in this awful weather.Natalie: This morning the sun was shining and they predicted light ra

27、in.Larry: We had the same thing in Detroit last year. We were supposed to get a little rain one night, but when we woke up, guess what? There were six inches of snow on the ground, and it was still coming down hard.Natalie: Thats typical.Listening and Speaking Task 2 Listen to Dialogue 2 to fi nish

28、the statements by matching Column A with Column B.Column A Column BColumn A Column B1. James is wondering BA. it will be fi ne tomorrow.2. James worries about CB. if it is going to be fi ne tomorrow.3. The reason that makes James worry is EC. the fog4. As to the weather, Anna believes AD. it will ra

29、ins.5. Anna suggests James to listen to GE. tomorrows picnic.F. the short distanceG. the morning weather forecast.Listening and Speaking Listening ScriptJames: Im wondering if it is going to be fi ne tomorrow.Anna: So what?James: Tomorrows picnic. But look at the fog. You can only see within a short

30、 distance.Anna: But dont you see the wind is beginning to lift it up？I bet it will be fi ne tomorrow.James: Dont be so sure.Anna: Youve heard the morning weather forecast, havent you?James: Thats why I worry.Listening and Speaking Listening passage Directions:In this section you will hear a recorded

31、 short passage with some words or phrases missing. The passage will be read three times. Please write down the missing words or phrases according to what you hear. Sichuan has a mild climate, but its still very hot in summer and very cold in winter. In fact, in winter the temperature often drops to

32、below zero, and in summer it goes up to above thirty-three degrees. My favourite season in Sichuan is autumn . The air is cool and clear, and the sky is blue. In winter, it seldom snows. Children will be very excited if it does. The weather starts to get warm in February but spring weather in Sichua

33、n often changesOral PracticeDirections:Playing a role as a weather presenter, read the following weather report fluently. 1. There will be occasional showers in southeast England, some of them perhaps heavy.2. Saturday will be a cloudier day with outbreaks of mainly light rain in western areas, spre

34、ading slowly eastwards, though many central and eastern areas should remain dry.3. It will be mild Wednesday with a shower in spots. Thursday will be the transition day with the high in the mid-40s. 4. Daytime temperatures Friday through Monday will only be in the low 30s, about 5 to 6 degrees below

35、 normal for this time of year. Winds will pick up and the temperature will be in the mid-20s.Oral PracticeOral PracticeActivity 1Activity 2Oral PracticeDirections:Work in pairs. Suppose you and your friend are talking about weather at your hometown. Study the situational dialogues carefully and imit

36、ate their theme, sentence patterns and styles trying to use the following sentence patterns. Whats the weather like today/at your hometown? Whats the temperature? Its degree.Whats the forecast?Oral PracticeDirections:Work in pairs. Please make up your own dialogues based on the following situations,

37、 and you may refer to the sentences in Functional-sentence Bank. Task 1 Directions:You and your friends are talking about todays weather. It may be rainy, cloudy, mild, overcast, etc. Task 2Directions:You want to go out for a picnic, but you did not listen to the weather report. Call your friend and

38、 ask him/her about the weather report. Task 3Directions:You set up a situation of your own with your partner and make up a dialogue. Functional-sentence Bank1.Questions：Whats the weather like in your hometown? 你家鄉(xiāng)的氣候如何？Responses：Its hot and dry. 既炎熱又干燥。 Its warm and wet. 溫暖而潮濕。2.Questions：Nice day,

39、isnt it? 天氣真好，不是嗎？Responses：Yes, marvelous. 是啊，太好了。3.Questions：Which is the best/your favorite season? 你最喜歡的季節(jié)是哪個？Responses：I like autumn best. 我最喜歡秋季。4.Questions：Whats the weather like in spring? 春天的天氣是怎樣的？Responses：Its warm and humid. 溫暖而濕潤。5.Questions：Whats the temperature? 氣溫是多少度？Responses：Its 1

40、0 degrees below zero. 零下10度。Functional-sentence BankQuestions：Whats the highest temperature? 最高氣溫多少度？Responses1：The highest temperature is. 最高氣溫是 It may go up to. 最高氣溫可能上升到 It may reach. 氣溫可能高達(dá)Responses2：above 40 degrees. 40度以上。Functional-sentence BankFunctional-sentence BankQuestions：Whats the lowe

41、st temperature? 最低氣溫多少度？Responses1：The lowest temperature is. 最低氣溫是 It may drop to. 氣溫可能降至Responses2：10 degrees below zero. 零下10度。 minus 10 degrees. 零下10度。Functional-sentence Bank1.Questions：Whats the weather like in your hometown? 你家鄉(xiāng)的氣候如何？Responses：Its hot and dry. 既炎熱又干燥。 Its warm and wet. 溫暖而潮濕。

42、2.Questions：Nice day, isnt it? 天氣真好，不是嗎？Responses：Yes, marvelous. 是啊，太好了。3.Questions：Which is the best/your favorite season? 你最喜歡的季節(jié)是哪個？Responses：I like autumn best. 我最喜歡秋季。Functional-sentence Bank4.Questions：Whats the weather like in spring? 春天的天氣是怎樣的？Responses：Its warm and humid. 溫暖而濕潤。5.Questions

43、：Whats the temperature? 氣溫是多少度？Responses：Its 10 degrees below zero. 零下10度。Functional-sentence BankQuestions：Whats the highest temperature? 最高氣溫多少度？Responses1：The highest temperature is. 最高氣溫是 It may go up to. 最高氣溫可能上升到 It may reach. 氣溫可能高達(dá)Responses2：above 40 degrees. 40度以上。Functional-sentence BankQu

44、estions：Whats the lowest temperature? 最低氣溫多少度？Responses1：The lowest temperature is. 最低氣溫是 It may drop to. 氣溫可能降至Responses2：10 degrees below zero. 零下10度。 minus 10 degrees. 零下10度。ReadingSuggestion for teachers:Some exercises are designed for students to finish after class, e.g. Activity 3-5. Some exer

45、cises are to be done in class, e.g. Activity 1, 2. As for Activity 5, just let students do it. Teacher just gives students some comments to encourage them to discuss and express themselves instead of interrupting them and correcting their mistakes.Reading Text A Raindrop, SnowflakeSuggestions for te

46、achersBefore students read the reading, teacher may ask them some questions leading them to think about what they could not do just on their own.When students begin to study the text, they should know the procedure of a water drop becoming asnowfl ake, which is part of the water cycle. Water cycle i

47、s the knowledge that the whole story is based on.What will the water drop experience during this procedure?After reading the text, let student analyze what the differences are between the last time that the water drop made snow and the previous times? Reading Text A Raindrop, SnowflakePre-reading ta

48、sk :discuss the following questions1. How much do you know about the weather?2. Do you know what water cycle is?3. Do you know how the snowfl ake forms?Reading TEXT A 對照課本 聽聽力Reading Text A Raindrop, Snowflake Once upon a time there was a little drop of water who dreamed of becoming a snowfl ake and

49、 turning the landscape white. Years passed, and then there was a great drought which evaporated the little drop from the lake where he lived. When he reached the sky, he became part of a small cloud. As soon as the weather turned cold, the little drop looked for a nice bit of countryside where he co

50、uld fall, and help cover the place in snow.參考譯文：很久以前有一個小水滴，他夢想變成雪花，覆蓋大地。很多年過去了，一場嚴(yán)重的干旱把小水滴從他所居住的湖泊里蒸發(fā)出來。當(dāng)他到達(dá)天空時，他成為了一小片云的一部分。天氣一變冷，小雨點(diǎn)就去尋找他可以降落的美麗鄉(xiāng)村，然后用白雪將那里覆蓋。Reading Text A Raindrop, Snowflake句子解析：1. Once upon a time there was a little drop of water who dreamed of becoming a snowfl ake and turning

51、 the landscape white.詞組： once upon a time很久以前, dream of 夢想主句：there was a little drop of water。 who引導(dǎo)的是限制性定語從句，用于介紹這是一個怎樣的小水滴。Who指代a little drop of water, 在從句里其謂語部分為dreamed of becoming. and turning.。ReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake句子解析：2. There was a great drought which evaporated the little drop fr

52、om the lake where he lived.主句：there was a great drought. 定語從句：which evaporated the little drop from the lake. 在該從句中where he lived 是定語從句，修飾lake.3. As soon as the weather turned cold, the little drop looked for a nice bit of countryside where he could fall, and help cover the place in snow.主句部分： the l

53、ittle drop looked for .，and help .從句部分： where he could fall, 限制性定語從句，用于修飾countrysideReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake But only a little bit of snow fell, and as soon as it touched the ground, it melted. And there the little drop had to remain, waiting for the suns rays to shine again, and send him b

54、ack up to the clouds. When the sun shone, the little drop went up once more, turned to snow again, and down he fell. Again, just after landing, he melted.參考譯文：但只下了一點(diǎn)雪，并且雪花一落到地面，就融化了。小水滴只好留在地面，等待陽光再次照耀，把他送回到云朵里。當(dāng)太陽照耀大地時，小水滴又一次升上天空，又變成了雪，再次落了下來。落到地上后，他再一次融化成小水滴ReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake句子解析：And

55、 there the little drop had to remain, waiting for the suns rays to shine again, and send him back up to the clouds.主句部分：the little drop had to remain there. There 提前，主謂倒裝，用于強(qiáng)調(diào)there。非謂語動詞部分：waiting for the suns rays to shine again, and send him back up to the clouds. Waiting for the sun to shine.and

56、send.現(xiàn)在分詞短語用作伴隨狀語。其中to shine and send 作為賓補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)充說明等待太陽去做的事情。ReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake This happened several times. Finally, the little drop went and joined a great big cloud, where millions of other drops had crowded together. Despite being gigantic, conditions in that cloud were rather uncomfo

57、rtable. A few of the drops were ordering everyone else around, making them squash up together,amid a great racket.參考譯文：這樣的過程又反復(fù)了幾次。最后，小水滴加入到一個巨大的云朵里，那里有上百萬的小水滴擠在一起。盡管云朵特別的大，但云朵內(nèi)部的環(huán)境并不舒服。在一片嘈雜聲中，幾個水滴正在對周圍的其他水滴發(fā)布命令讓他們擠成團(tuán)。ReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake句子解析：1. Finally, the little drop went and joined

58、 a great big cloud, where millions of other drops had crowded together.Where.引導(dǎo)的是非限制定語從句。2. A few of the drops were ordering everyone else around, making them squash up together, amid a great racket.making.是現(xiàn)在分詞短語做伴隨狀語。amid a great racket 介詞短語描述了當(dāng)時的狀況。例如： The fi rst was her colleague in a panic, loo

59、king for an answer to an urgent question. 第一封是一位恐慌的同事發(fā)過來的，向她救助一個非常緊急的問題ReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake “Biggest drops at the bottom! Smallest drops at the top! Come on, come on! Theres no time to waste.”參考譯文：“個頭最大的呆在最底下！個頭最小的在最上面！快，快點(diǎn)！別浪費(fèi)時間了!”ReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake Our little drop wasnt

60、 keen on all this, and he considered falling down to Earth again, but a nice,friendly drop next to him managed to talk him out of it.參考譯文：我們的小水滴并不喜歡這一切，他想要再次降落到地面上，但他旁邊一個善良友好的水滴勸說他放棄這個想法。句子解析：Our little drop wasnt keen on all this 中的this 指代上一句所描述的上百萬小水滴擁擠在一起的情況。ReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake “Whe