高二英語人教版選修六第一單元語法講解答案

1、Book6Unit1Art語法：虛擬語氣Step1：lead-in：英語的三種語氣陳述語氣:用來陳述一個事實或提出一種看法，有肯定、否定、疑問和感嘆等形式。祈使語氣:用來表示說話人的建議、請求、邀請和命令等。Hurryup!虛擬語氣:表示說話人所說的話不是事實，而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑或推測。Step2:虛擬語氣在if條件從句中的用法If條件從句虛擬條件句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)與過去相反的假設(shè)與將來相反的假設(shè)did/werehaddonedid/weretodo/shoulddowould/could/mightdowould/could/mighthavedonewou

2、ld/could/mightdo1.IfI_(meet)ProfessorSmithlastweek,I_(tell)himaboutit.2.IfI_(have)enoughmoneynow,I_(buy)acarofmyown.3.Ifittomorrow(rain),theyoffthemeeting.(put)4.Ifsheheretomorrow(come),sheuswhathashappenedtoher.(tell)虛擬語氣假設(shè)條件句型注意點：錯綜時間條件句是指從句與主句的動作發(fā)生的時間不同。此時需要按時間來確定虛擬形式。5.Ifyou_(follow)myadvice,you

3、_(be)asuccessnow.6.Ifyou_(take)medicineyesterday,you_(be)betternow.隱含條件句：without/butfor，otherwise/or等詞表含蓄條件,需用虛擬語氣。butforsth(若不是):butforsth=ifitwerenotforsth(與現(xiàn)在相反)，+woulddo=ifithadnotbeenforsth.(與過去相反)，+wouldhavedoneotherwise/or:表示事實的句子一般現(xiàn)在時(do)+otherwise(adv)/or(conj)+.woulddo一般過去時(did)+otherwise(

4、adv)/or(conj)+.wouldhavedonebut(但是):表示虛擬的句子(與現(xiàn)在)woulddo+but+事實句子do(與過去)wouldhavedone+but+事實句子did7.Withoutair,there_(be)nolivingthingsnow.8.Ifithadnotbeenforthestorm,we_(arrive)earlier.9.Butforyourhelp,I_(fail)towinthefirstprizeintheEnglishCompetitionlastweek.10.Iamreallybusy.Otherwisel_(go)withyou.I

5、wouldgowithyou,butI_(be)reallybusy.省略句在虛擬條件句中，可省略if，把were,had,should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式11.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotobedearlytonight.-_,Iwouldgotobedearlytonight.12.IfI_(have)time,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.-_,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.13_theresufficientmasks,peoplewouldnotbuyphoneymasksinnocently.虛擬條件句與真實條件句的區(qū)分(看實現(xiàn)可能性的大小)I

6、fIhavetime,Iwillhelpyouwiththework.Ifhehadcomehereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenhisoldfriend.Step3:虛擬語氣特殊句型：wish之后的賓語從句，表示一種沒有實現(xiàn)或根本不可能實現(xiàn)的愿望，常用虛擬語氣。wish后的賓語從句謂語與現(xiàn)在相反：did與過去相反：haddone與將來相反：would/could/mightdo14.IwishI（be）agreatscientistnowIwishI（see）thefilmyesterday.Iwishshe（come）ontimetomorrow.asif/though

7、+Clause與現(xiàn)在相反：didasif后謂語形式與過去相反：haddone與將來相反：would/could/mightdo15.Shelovesthebabyasifit_herownson.(be)Theytalkedasifthey_friendsforyears.(be)Hecoughedtwiceasifsomeone_.(come)ifonly意為：要是.那該多好啊;真希望.;由其引起的感嘆句，謂語動詞的形式與if虛擬條件句相同。與現(xiàn)在相反：didifonly后謂語與過去相反：haddone與將來相反：would/could/mightdo16.LookatthetroubleI

8、amin!IfonlyI_(take)youradvice.wouldrather寧愿；但愿wouldrather從句中的謂語形式與現(xiàn)在相反：did與過去相反：haddone與將來相反：did17.YoualwaysgowithoutmeandIdratheryou_.你總是不帶我去，我可不愿意你這樣。Iwouldratheryou_(come)heretomorrow.Iwouldratheryou_(tell)methatthingyesterday.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butIwouldratherhe_(fo

9、cus)moreonitsculture.Its(about/high)time+thatsb.didsth.(18.Tom,itishightimethat_你服藥)。19_(政府該采取有效措施來解決這一問題了)表示要求，命令，建議的虛擬語氣。1）賓語從句常見動詞：一堅持：insist二命令：order,command三建議：advise,suggest,recommend四要求：require,request,demand,desire20.Tomspalefacesuggestedthatshe_(be)ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe_(send)to

10、hospital.21.Tominsistedwhathesaid_trueandweinsistedthathe_(go)andhavealook.2)以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞：order,command,advise,suggestion,requirement,request等構(gòu)成的名詞性從句也要使用should+動詞原形，或者將should省略。22.Ourteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatwe_(give)twoweekstopreparefortheexam.Itsnecessary/important+that從句中的動詞要用虛擬，即（should）+動詞原形24.Itisnecessarythattheproblem_（settle）atonce.Step4:幾種表示虛擬的特殊句式情態(tài)動詞+havedone(“本”一族)couldhavedone(本能夠做，但沒做)oughtto/shouldhavedone(本該做，但沒做)neednthavedone(本沒必要做，但是做了)未曾實現(xiàn)的愿望及打算hadexpected/hoped/